WoRMS taxon details
Sepia pharaonis Ehrenberg, 1831
181376 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:181376)
accepted
Species
Crumenasepia hulliana Iredale, 1926 · unaccepted (original combination)
Crumenasepia ursulae Cotton, 1929 · unaccepted (original combination)
Sepia (Acanthosepion) pharaonis Ehrenberg, 1831 · alternate representation
Sepia formosana S. S. Berry, 1912 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia framea Ortmann, 1891 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia hulliana (Iredale, 1926) · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia koettlitzi Hoyle & Standen, 1901 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia rouxii d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1839-1842 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia singalensis Goodrich, 1896 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia tigris Sasaki, 1929 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia torosa Ortmann, 1888 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sepia ursulae (Cotton, 1929) · unaccepted (synonym)
marine, fresh, terrestrial
Ehrenberg, C. G. (1828-1831). Animalia evertebrata exclusis Insectis. Series prima. In: F. G. Hemprich & C. G. Ehrenberg, <i>Symbolae physicae, seu icones et descriptiones Mammalium, Avium, Insectorum et animalia evertebra, quae ex itinere per Africam borealem et Asiam occidentalem studio nova aut illustrata redierunt</i>. 126 pp. (1831), 10 pls (1828)., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48517135
page(s): 4 [details]
page(s): 4 [details]
Type locality contained in Gulf of Suez
type locality contained in Gulf of Suez [details]
Taxonomy "Phylogenetic analyses of a dataset comprising all three-gene regions revealed a monophyletic S. pharaonis complex...
Taxonomy "Phylogenetic analyses of a dataset comprising all three-gene regions revealed a monophyletic S. pharaonis complex consisting of a western Indian Ocean clade, a northeastern Australia clade, a Persian Gulf/Arabian Sea (‘Iranian’) clade, a western Pacific clade and a central Indian Ocean clade. Relationships among these clades remain somewhat poorly supported except for a clade comprising the Iranian clade, the western Pacific clade and the central Indian Ocean clade. Both specimens of S. ramani are members of the S. pharaonis complex, but their mtDNA haplotypes are not closely related – one is a member of the central Indian Ocean clade, while the other is rather distantly related to the northeastern Australia clade. We suggest that ‘S. pharaonis’ may consist of several species, but morphological work is needed to clarify species-level taxonomy within this complex" (Anderson et al. 2011) [details]
MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Sepia pharaonis Ehrenberg, 1831. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181376 on 2023-03-31
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
original description
Ehrenberg, C. G. (1828-1831). Animalia evertebrata exclusis Insectis. Series prima. In: F. G. Hemprich & C. G. Ehrenberg, <i>Symbolae physicae, seu icones et descriptiones Mammalium, Avium, Insectorum et animalia evertebra, quae ex itinere per Africam borealem et Asiam occidentalem studio nova aut illustrata redierunt</i>. 126 pp. (1831), 10 pls (1828)., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48517135
page(s): 4 [details]
original description (of Sepia formosana S. S. Berry, 1912) Berry, S. S. (1912). A catalogue of Japanese Cephalopoda. <em>Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.</em> 64(2):380-444, 5 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1695014
page(s): 420 [details]
original description (of Sepia rouxii d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1839-1842) Férussac, A. E. J. P. F. d'Audebard de & d'Orbigny, A. (1835-1848). Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des Céphalopodes acétabulifères vivants et fossiles. pp. [1-96], i-lvi, 1-361, Atlas with 144 plates. Paris, Baillière., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13093019
page(s): 271 [details]
original description (of Sepia torosa Ortmann, 1888) Ortmann, A. (1888). Japanische Cephalopoden. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere.</em> 3: 639-670, 6 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10342612
page(s): 652 [details]
original description (of Sepia tigris Sasaki, 1929) Sasaki, M. (1929). A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. <em>Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University.</em> 20(supplement):1-357, 159 figures, 30 plates.
page(s): 168 [details]
original description (of Sepia ursulae (Cotton, 1929)) Cotton, B. C. (1929). Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island. IV. Western Australian Sepiidae. <em>Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia.</em> 15: 87-94., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/144510
page(s): 90 [details]
original description (of Sepia hulliana (Iredale, 1926)) Iredale, T. (1926). The biology of the North-west Islet, Capricorn Group (D.) Marine molluscs. <em>Australian Zoologist.</em> 4: 237-240., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/171693
page(s): 239 [details]
original description (of Sepia koettlitzi Hoyle & Standen, 1901) Hoyle, W.E. & Standen, R. (1901). On a new species of <em>Sepia</em> and other shells collected by Dr. R. Loettlitz in Somaliland. <em>Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society.</em> 45(6):1-6.
page(s): 1 [details]
original description (of Sepia singalensis Goodrich, 1896) Goodrich, E.S. (1896). Report on a collection of Cephalopoda from the Calcutta Museum. <em>Transactions of the Linnaean Society of London, (series 2, Zoology).</em> 7(1):1-24, 5 plates.
page(s): 3 [details]
original description (of Sepia framea Ortmann, 1891) Ortmann, A. (1891). Cephalopoden von Ceylon, gesammelt von den Herren Dres. Sarasin. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere.</em> 5: 669-678, 1 pl., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9982396
page(s): 675 [details]
original description (of Crumenasepia hulliana Iredale, 1926) Iredale, T. (1926). The biology of the North-west Islet, Capricorn Group (D.) Marine molluscs. <em>Australian Zoologist.</em> 4: 237-240., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/171693
page(s): 239 [details]
original description (of Crumenasepia ursulae Cotton, 1929) Cotton, B. C. (1929). Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island. IV. Western Australian Sepiidae. <em>Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia.</em> 15: 87-94., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/144510
page(s): 90 [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors
[request]
context source (HKRMS) Gleadall, I. G. (1997). Hong Kong Cephalopada: A brief review of current knowledge and identification of specimens collected in 1995. <em>In: Morton B, editor. Proceedings of the Eighth International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China. The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China IV. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.</em> 503-513. [details]
basis of record Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney & C.E. Nauen (1984). FAO Species catalogue. Vol 3. Cephalopods of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. (125), Vol 3: 277 p. [details]
additional source Zenetos, A.; Çinar, M.E.; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M.A.; Harmelin, J.-G.; Furnari, G.; Andaloro, F.; Bellou, N.; Streftaris, N.; Zibrowius, H. (2005). Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 6 (2): 63-118., available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273213810_Annotated_list_of_marine_alien_species_in_the_Mediterranean_with_records_of_the_worst_invasive_species [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 11(2): 381-493., available online at https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.87 [details]
additional source Galil, B. (2007). Seeing Red: Alien species along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. <em>Aquatic Invasions.</em> 2(4): 281-312., available online at https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2007.2.4.2 [details]
additional source Zenetos, A.; Meriç, E.; Verlaque, M.; Galli, P.; Boudouresque, C.-F.; Giangrande, A.; Cinar, M.; Bilecenoglu, M. (2008). Additions to the annotated list of marine alien biota in the Mediterranean with special emphasis on Foraminifera and Parasites. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 9(1): 119-165., available online at https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.146 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Reid, A., Jereb, P. & Roper, C.F.E. (2005). Family Sepiidae. pp. 57-152, in P. Jereb & C.F.E. Roper eds. <em>Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date.</em> Volume 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (<em>Nautilidae</em>, <em>Sepiidae</em>, <em>Sepiolidae</em>, <em>Sepiadariidae</em>, <em>Idiosepiidae</em> and <em>Spirulidae</em>). <em>FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes [Rome, FAO].</em> 4(1): 262 pp. 9 pls.
page(s): 106 [details]
status source Anderson F.E., Engelke R., Jarrett K., Valinassab T., Mohamed K.S., Asokan P.K., Zacharia P.U., Nootmorn P., Chotiyaputta C. & Dunning M. (2011) Phylogeny of the <i>Sepia pharaonis</i> species complex (Cephalopoda: Sepiida) based on analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. <i>Journal of Molluscan Studies</i> 77(1): 65-75. [details]
identification resource Lu, C.C. & Chung, W.S. (2017). <em>Guide to the cephalopods of Taiwan</em>. National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan, 560 pp. ISBN 978-986-05-2569-4.
page(s): 162 [details]
page(s): 4 [details]
original description (of Sepia formosana S. S. Berry, 1912) Berry, S. S. (1912). A catalogue of Japanese Cephalopoda. <em>Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.</em> 64(2):380-444, 5 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1695014
page(s): 420 [details]
original description (of Sepia rouxii d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1839-1842) Férussac, A. E. J. P. F. d'Audebard de & d'Orbigny, A. (1835-1848). Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des Céphalopodes acétabulifères vivants et fossiles. pp. [1-96], i-lvi, 1-361, Atlas with 144 plates. Paris, Baillière., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13093019
page(s): 271 [details]
original description (of Sepia torosa Ortmann, 1888) Ortmann, A. (1888). Japanische Cephalopoden. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere.</em> 3: 639-670, 6 plates., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10342612
page(s): 652 [details]
original description (of Sepia tigris Sasaki, 1929) Sasaki, M. (1929). A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. <em>Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University.</em> 20(supplement):1-357, 159 figures, 30 plates.
page(s): 168 [details]
original description (of Sepia ursulae (Cotton, 1929)) Cotton, B. C. (1929). Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island. IV. Western Australian Sepiidae. <em>Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia.</em> 15: 87-94., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/144510
page(s): 90 [details]
original description (of Sepia hulliana (Iredale, 1926)) Iredale, T. (1926). The biology of the North-west Islet, Capricorn Group (D.) Marine molluscs. <em>Australian Zoologist.</em> 4: 237-240., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/171693
page(s): 239 [details]
original description (of Sepia koettlitzi Hoyle & Standen, 1901) Hoyle, W.E. & Standen, R. (1901). On a new species of <em>Sepia</em> and other shells collected by Dr. R. Loettlitz in Somaliland. <em>Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society.</em> 45(6):1-6.
page(s): 1 [details]
original description (of Sepia singalensis Goodrich, 1896) Goodrich, E.S. (1896). Report on a collection of Cephalopoda from the Calcutta Museum. <em>Transactions of the Linnaean Society of London, (series 2, Zoology).</em> 7(1):1-24, 5 plates.
page(s): 3 [details]
original description (of Sepia framea Ortmann, 1891) Ortmann, A. (1891). Cephalopoden von Ceylon, gesammelt von den Herren Dres. Sarasin. <em>Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere.</em> 5: 669-678, 1 pl., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9982396
page(s): 675 [details]
original description (of Crumenasepia hulliana Iredale, 1926) Iredale, T. (1926). The biology of the North-west Islet, Capricorn Group (D.) Marine molluscs. <em>Australian Zoologist.</em> 4: 237-240., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/171693
page(s): 239 [details]
original description (of Crumenasepia ursulae Cotton, 1929) Cotton, B. C. (1929). Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island. IV. Western Australian Sepiidae. <em>Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia.</em> 15: 87-94., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/144510
page(s): 90 [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors
[request] context source (HKRMS) Gleadall, I. G. (1997). Hong Kong Cephalopada: A brief review of current knowledge and identification of specimens collected in 1995. <em>In: Morton B, editor. Proceedings of the Eighth International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China. The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China IV. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.</em> 503-513. [details]
basis of record Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney & C.E. Nauen (1984). FAO Species catalogue. Vol 3. Cephalopods of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. (125), Vol 3: 277 p. [details]
additional source Zenetos, A.; Çinar, M.E.; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M.A.; Harmelin, J.-G.; Furnari, G.; Andaloro, F.; Bellou, N.; Streftaris, N.; Zibrowius, H. (2005). Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 6 (2): 63-118., available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273213810_Annotated_list_of_marine_alien_species_in_the_Mediterranean_with_records_of_the_worst_invasive_species [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 11(2): 381-493., available online at https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.87 [details]
additional source Galil, B. (2007). Seeing Red: Alien species along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. <em>Aquatic Invasions.</em> 2(4): 281-312., available online at https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2007.2.4.2 [details]
additional source Zenetos, A.; Meriç, E.; Verlaque, M.; Galli, P.; Boudouresque, C.-F.; Giangrande, A.; Cinar, M.; Bilecenoglu, M. (2008). Additions to the annotated list of marine alien biota in the Mediterranean with special emphasis on Foraminifera and Parasites. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 9(1): 119-165., available online at https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.146 [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Reid, A., Jereb, P. & Roper, C.F.E. (2005). Family Sepiidae. pp. 57-152, in P. Jereb & C.F.E. Roper eds. <em>Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date.</em> Volume 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (<em>Nautilidae</em>, <em>Sepiidae</em>, <em>Sepiolidae</em>, <em>Sepiadariidae</em>, <em>Idiosepiidae</em> and <em>Spirulidae</em>). <em>FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes [Rome, FAO].</em> 4(1): 262 pp. 9 pls.
page(s): 106 [details]
status source Anderson F.E., Engelke R., Jarrett K., Valinassab T., Mohamed K.S., Asokan P.K., Zacharia P.U., Nootmorn P., Chotiyaputta C. & Dunning M. (2011) Phylogeny of the <i>Sepia pharaonis</i> species complex (Cephalopoda: Sepiida) based on analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. <i>Journal of Molluscan Studies</i> 77(1): 65-75. [details]
identification resource Lu, C.C. & Chung, W.S. (2017). <em>Guide to the cephalopods of Taiwan</em>. National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan, 560 pp. ISBN 978-986-05-2569-4.
page(s): 162 [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Taxonomy "Phylogenetic analyses of a dataset comprising all three-gene regions revealed a monophyletic S. pharaonis complex consisting of a western Indian Ocean clade, a northeastern Australia clade, a Persian Gulf/Arabian Sea (‘Iranian’) clade, a western Pacific clade and a central Indian Ocean clade. Relationships among these clades remain somewhat poorly supported except for a clade comprising the Iranian clade, the western Pacific clade and the central Indian Ocean clade. Both specimens of S. ramani are members of the S. pharaonis complex, but their mtDNA haplotypes are not closely related – one is a member of the central Indian Ocean clade, while the other is rather distantly related to the northeastern Australia clade. We suggest that ‘S. pharaonis’ may consist of several species, but morphological work is needed to clarify species-level taxonomy within this complex" (Anderson et al. 2011) [details]From regional or thematic species database
Introduced species vector dispersal in Israeli part of the Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin (Marine Region) : Canals: natural range expansion through man-made canals [details]From other sources
Habitat shelf [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese | Mak moHŭ-Bān-Wu-ZéiFoo baan woo chack | [details] |
| English | Pharaoh cuttlefish | [details] |
| French | Seiche pharaon | [details] |
| German | Pharao-TintenfischPharaosepie | [details] |
| Japanese | トラフコウイカTorafu-kouikaMongouika | [details] |
| Spanish | Sepia faraón | [details] |
To Barcode of Life (110 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Sepia rouxii d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1839-1842)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive (ENA)
To GenBank (5922 nucleotides; 53750 proteins)
To IUCN Red List (Data Deficient)
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection
To ITIS
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Sepia rouxii d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1839-1842)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive (ENA)
To GenBank (5922 nucleotides; 53750 proteins)
To IUCN Red List (Data Deficient)
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection
To ITIS
