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WoRMS taxon details
Gymnodinium Stein, 1878 AphiaID: 109475
| Status | | accepted |
Record
status | | Checked by Taxonomic Editor |
| Rank | | Genus |
| Parent | | Gymnodiniaceae Lankester, 1885 |
| Sources | |
basis of record: Algaebase, available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
basis of record: Gómez, F., 2005. A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world’s oceans. Acta Bot. Croat. 64 (1), 129-212. [details] [full text]
additional source: ITIS database, available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source: Hayward, P.J.; Nelson-Smith, A.; Shields, C. (1996). Collins pocket guide: sea shore of Britain and Europe. Collins pocket guides. Harper-Collins Publishers: London, UK. ISBN 0-00-219955-6. 352 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source: Parker, S.P. (Ed.) (1982). Synopsis and classification of living organisms. McGraw Hill Book Company: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-07-079031-0. 1166, 1232 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source: Steidinger, K.A. and K. Tangen. 1977. Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press. San Diego. p. 387-584. [details]
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Direct child
taxa
[show all] | | Species Gymnodinium abbreviatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium achromaticum Lebour, 1917
Species Gymnodinium acutissimum Okolodkov, 1997
Species Gymnodinium acutiusclum Okolodkov, 1997
Species Gymnodinium adriaticum (Schmarda) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium aequatoriale Hasle, 1960
Species Gymnodinium aeruginosum F.Stein, 1883
Species Gymnodinium aesculum Baumeister, 1943
Species Gymnodinium agaricoides P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium agiliforme Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium alaskense Bursa, 1963
Species Gymnodinium albidum J.B.Lackey & E.W.Lackey, 1970
Species Gymnodinium allophron J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium amphityphlum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium amphora Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium amplinucleum P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium arcticum Wulff, 1919
Species Gymnodinium arcuatum Kofoid, 1931
Species Gymnodinium arenicola Dragesco
Species Gymnodinium arenicolum Dragesco, 1965
Species Gymnodinium atomatum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium attenuatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium aurantium P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium auratum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium australense Ruiner, 1938
Species Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium baccatum Balech, 1965
Species Gymnodinium béii H.J.Spero, 1987
Species Gymnodinium bicaudatum Pavillard, 1905
Species Gymnodinium biciliatum Bicudo & Skvorlzov, 1970
Species Gymnodinium biconicum Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium bicorne Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium bifurcatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium bilobatum Van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium birotundatum van Goor, 1925
Species Gymnodinium bisaetosum Lindemann, 1928
Species Gymnodinium boguense P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium bonaerense Akselman, 1985
Species Gymnodinium boreale Gaarder, 1953
Species Gymnodinium canus Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium capitatum Conrad & Kufferath, 1954
Species Gymnodinium caput Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium cassiei Norris, 1961
Species Gymnodinium catenatum H.W.Graham, 1943
Species Gymnodinium chiasmonetrium Norris, 1961
Species Gymnodinium chiastosporum (T.M.Harris) Cridland, 1958
Species Gymnodinium chukwanii Ballantine, 1961
Species Gymnodinium cinctum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium cnecoides T.M.Harris, 1940
Species Gymnodinium cnodax Conrad & Kufferath, 1954
Species Gymnodinium colymbeticum T.M.Harris, 1940
Species Gymnodinium contractum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium corii Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium costatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium cucumis Schütt, 1895
Species Gymnodinium cyaneofungiforme Conrad & Kufferath, 1954
Species Gymnodinium danicans P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium dentatum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium diamphidium Norris, 1961
Species Gymnodinium diploconus Schütt, 1895
Species Gymnodinium discoidale T.M.Harris, 1940
Species Gymnodinium dissimile Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium dogielii Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium doma Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium elongatum Hope, 1954
Species Gymnodinium endofasciculum Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium enorme Ballantine, 1964
Species Gymnodinium excavatum Van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium exechegloutum Norris, 1961
Species Gymnodinium filum Lebour, 1917
Species Gymnodinium flavum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium fossarum Conrad & Kufferath, 1954
Species Gymnodinium frigidum Balech, 1965
Species Gymnodinium fulgens Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium fuscum (Ehrenberg) F.Stein, 1878
Species Gymnodinium fusus Schütt, 1896
Species Gymnodinium galaeformis Matzenauer
Species Gymnodinium galeaeforme Matzenauer, 1933
Species Gymnodinium galeatum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium galeiforme Okolodkov, 1997
Species Gymnodinium galesianum P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium gelbum Kofoid, 1931
Species Gymnodinium gibbera Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium glandiforme Conrad & Kufferath, 1954
Species Gymnodinium gleba Schütt, 1895
Species Gymnodinium gracile Bergh, 1881
Species Gymnodinium gracilentum P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium grammaticum (Pouchet) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium guttiforme J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium guttula Balech, 1976
Species Gymnodinium halophilum Biecheler, 1952
Species Gymnodinium helveticum Penard, 1891
Species Gymnodinium herbaceum Kofoid, 1921
Species Gymnodinium heterostriatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium hiroshimaense Hada, 1968
Species Gymnodinium hulburtii P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium impatiens Skuja, 1964
Species Gymnodinium impudicum (S.Fraga & I.Bravo) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium incertum Herdman, 1924
Species Gymnodinium incisum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium incoloratum Conrad & Kufferath, 1954
Species Gymnodinium inconstans van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium instriatum (Freudenthal & Lee) Coats, 2002
Species Gymnodinium intercalare Bursa, 1961
Species Gymnodinium irregulare Hope, 1954
Species Gymnodinium japonicum Hada, 1974
Species Gymnodinium katodiniforme Elbrachter & Schnepf, 1979
Species Gymnodinium kowalevskii Pitzik, 1967
Species Gymnodinium lachmannii Saville-Kent, 1881
Species Gymnodinium lacustre Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium lanskoi Rouchijajnen, 1968
Species Gymnodinium lantzschii Utermöhl, 1925
Species Gymnodinium latum Skuja, 1948
Species Gymnodinium lazulum Hulburt, 1957
Species Gymnodinium leptum Norris, 1961
Species Gymnodinium lineatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium lineopunicum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium lira Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium litoralis A.Reñé, 2011
Species Gymnodinium loburare P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium lucidum Ballantine
Species Gymnodinium luteo-viride van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium maguelonnense Biecheler, 1952
Species Gymnodinium mammosum van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium marinum Saville-Kent, 1880
Species Gymnodinium marylandicum Thompson, 1917
Species Gymnodinium maximum Nordli, 1951
Species Gymnodinium metum Hulburt, 1957
Species Gymnodinium microreticulatum C.J.S.Bolch, Negri & G.M.Hallegraeff, 1999
Species Gymnodinium minor Lebour
Species Gymnodinium minus Lebour, 1917
Species Gymnodinium minutulum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium mitratum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium modestum Balech, 1976
Species Gymnodinium multilineatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium multistriatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium najadeum Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium nanum Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium natalense Horiguchi & Pienaar, 1994
Species Gymnodinium neapolitanum Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium nolleri M.Ellegaard & Ø.Moestrup, 1999
Species Gymnodinium nucaceum Okolodkov, 1997
Species Gymnodinium obliquum Okolodkov, 1997
Species Gymnodinium oceanicum Hasle, 1960
Species Gymnodinium ochraceum Kofoid, 1931
Species Gymnodinium octo J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium oppressum Van Meel
Species Gymnodinium opressum Conrad, 1926
Species Gymnodinium ostenfeldii Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium ovato-capitatum van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium ovoideum Okolodkov, 1997
Species Gymnodinium ovulum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium pachydermatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium pallidum Skuja, 1939
Species Gymnodinium paradoxum A.J.Schilling, 1891
Species Gymnodinium parvulum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium parvum J.Larsen
Species Gymnodinium patagonicum Balech, 1971
Species Gymnodinium paulseinii Schiller
Species Gymnodinium perplexum van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium pingue van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium placidum Herdman, 1922
Species Gymnodinium polycomma J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium prolatum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium pulchrum Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium pumilum J.Larsen, 1994
Species Gymnodinium punctatum Pouchet, 1887
Species Gymnodinium puniceum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium purpureum Skuja, 1956
Species Gymnodinium pygmaeum Lebour, 1925
Species Gymnodinium pyrenoidosum T.Horiguchi & M.Chihara, 1988
Species Gymnodinium quadrilobatum Horiguchi & Pienaar, 1994
Species Gymnodinium radiatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium ravenescens Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium regulare van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium rete Schutt, 1895
Species Gymnodinium rhomboides Schutt, 1895
Species Gymnodinium roseolum (Schmarda) Stein, 1878
Species Gymnodinium roseostigma Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium rubricauda Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium rubrocinctum Lebour, 1925
Species Gymnodinium rubrum Koifoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium scaphium van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium schaefferi Morris, 1937
Species Gymnodinium scopulosum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium semidivisum Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium simplex (Lohmann) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium situla Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium soyai Hada, 1970
Species Gymnodinium sphaericum (Calkins) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium sphaeroideum Kofoid, 1931
Species Gymnodinium stellatum Hulbult, 1957
Species Gymnodinium striassimum Hulbert
Species Gymnodinium subroseum P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium suffuscum van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium sulcatum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium telma van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium thomasi Christen, 1959
Species Gymnodinium translucens Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium translucens P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium triangularis Lebour, 1917
Species Gymnodinium triceratium Skuja, 1939
Species Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium valdecompressum Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium variabile Herdman, 1924
Species Gymnodinium varians Maskell, 1887
Species Gymnodinium vas van Meel, 1939
Species Gymnodinium venator Flo Jorgensen & Murray, 2004
Species Gymnodinium verruculosum P.H.Campbell, 1973
Species Gymnodinium vestificii Schütt, 1885
Species Gymnodinium violescens Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium virescens Wood, 1963
Species Gymnodinium viridans van Meel, 1969
Species Gymnodinium viridescens Kofoid, 1931
Species Gymnodinium voukii Schiller, 1928
Species Gymnodinium wawrikae Schiller, 1955
Species Gymnodinium wilczekii Pouchet, 1894
Species Gymnodinium wulffii Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium zachariasi Lemmermann
Species Gymnodinium acidotum Nygaard, 1949 accepted as Gymnodinium aeruginosum F.Stein, 1883
Species Gymnodinium agile Kofoid & Swezy, 1921 accepted as Durinskia agilis (Kofoid & Swezy) Saburova, Chomérat & Hoppenrath, 2012
Species Gymnodinium agile Herdman, 1922 accepted as Herdmania litoralis Dodge, 1981
Species Gymnodinium alatum Litvienko, 1963 accepted as Peridiniopsis berolinense (Lemmermann) Bourrelly, 1968 accepted as Tyrannodinium edax (A.J.Schilling) Calado, 2011
Species Gymnodinium albulum Lindemann, 1928 accepted as Gymnodinium lantzschii Utermöhl, 1925
Species Gymnodinium alsiophyllum Skuja, 1964 accepted as Gymnodinium latum Skuja, 1948
Species Gymnodinium amphidinioides Geitler, 1924 accepted as Amphidinium amphidinioides (Geitler) Schiller, 1932
Species Gymnodinium archimedes Pouchet accepted as Cochlodinium archimedes (Pouchet) Lemmermann, 1899
Species Gymnodinium archimedis Pouchet, 1883 accepted as Cochlodinium archimedes (Pouchet) Lemmermann, 1899
Species Gymnodinium asymmetricum Massart, 1900 accepted as Katodinium asymmetricum (Massart) Loeblich, 1965
Species Gymnodinium aureolum (E.M.Hulburt) G.Hansen, 2000 accepted as Karenia aureola (E.M.Hulbert) S.-Y.Cho, J.-S.Ki & M.-S.Han, 2008
Species Gymnodinium autumnale Christen, 1959 accepted as Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium blax Harris, 1939 accepted as Katodinium fungiforme (Anissimova) A.R.Loeblich III, 1965
Species Gymnodinium bogoriense Klebs, 1912 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium bohemicum Fott, 1938 accepted as Katodinium bohemicum (Fott) Litvinenko, 1977
Species Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis, 1948 accepted as Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium brevis Davis, 1948 accepted as Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium brevisulcatum F.H.Chang, 1999 accepted as Karenia brevisulcata (F.H.Chang) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium campaniforme Popovsky, 1971 accepted as Gymnodinium aeruginosum F.Stein, 1883
Species Gymnodinium carinatum Schilling, 1891 accepted as Gymnodinium palustre A.J.Schilling, 1891 accepted as Gymnodinium pseudopalustre J.Schiller accepted as 
Species Gymnodinium caudatum Prescott, 1944 accepted as Gymnodinium fuscum (Ehrenberg) F.Stein, 1878
Species Gymnodinium cestocoetes Thompson, 1947 accepted as
Species Gymnodinium chlorophorum Elbrächter & Schnepf, 1996 accepted as Lepidodinium chlorophorum (M.Elbrächter & E.Schnepf) Gert Hansen, L.Botes & M.de Salas, 2007
Species Gymnodinium cladochromum J. Larsen, 1996 accepted as Takayama cladochroma (Larsen) de Salas, Bolch & Hallegraeff, 2003
Species Gymnodinium coeruleum Dogiel, 1906 accepted as Balechina coerulea (Dogiel) F.J.R.Taylor, 1976
Species Gymnodinium conicum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921 accepted as Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) Cachon & Cachon ex Loeblich & Loeblich, 1969
Species Gymnodinium constrictum Schütt accepted as Cochlodinium constrictum (Schütt) Lemmennann, 1899
Species Gymnodinium cornutum Schütt, 1895 accepted as Gyrodinium schuettii (Lemmermann) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium coronatum Woloszynska, 1917 accepted as
Species Gymnodinium crassum Pouchet, 1885 accepted as Gyrodinium crassum (Pouchet) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium cruciatum Thompson, 1950 accepted as Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium eurytopum Skuja, 1948 accepted as Gymnodinium mitratum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium fissum Levander, 1894 accepted as Gyrodinium fissum (Levander) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium fucorum Kuster, 1908 accepted as Crypthecodinium cohnii (Seligo) Javornicky, 1962
Species Gymnodinium fungiforme Schiller, 1933 accepted as Katodinium fungiforme (Anissimova) A.R.Loeblich III, 1965
Species Gymnodinium fungiforme Anisimova, 1925 accepted as Katodinium fungiforme (Anissimova) A.R.Loeblich III, 1965
Species Gymnodinium galatheanum Braarud, 1957 accepted as Karlodinium veneficum (D.Ballantine) J.Larsen, 2000
Species Gymnodinium geminatum Schütt accepted as Cochlodinium geminatum (Schütt) Schütt, 1896
Species Gymnodinium glandula Herdman, 1924 accepted as Katodinium glandulum (Herdman) Loeblich, 1965
Species Gymnodinium glandula Lebour, 1925 accepted as Katodinium glandulum (Herdman) Loeblich, 1965
Species Gymnodinium glaucum Conrad accepted as Amphidinium conradii J.Schiller
Species Gymnodinium helix Pouchet, 1887 accepted as Cochlodinium helix (Pouchet, 1887) Lemmermann, 1899
Species Gymnodinium helix Schütt, 1895 accepted as Cochlodinium helix (Pouchet, 1887) Lemmermann, 1899
Species Gymnodinium hiemale Woloszynska, 1917 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium hiemale Skvorcov, 1927 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium hippocastanum Cridland, 1958 accepted as Gymnodinium chiastosporum (T.M.Harris) Cridland, 1958
Species Gymnodinium hyalinum Schilling, 1891 accepted as Gyrodinium hyalinum (Schilling) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium impar Harris, 1939 accepted as Gymnodinium triceratium Skuja, 1939
Species Gymnodinium inversum Nygaard, 1949 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium irregulare Christen, 1959 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium lebourae Pavillard, 1921 accepted as Gymnodinium lebouriae Pavillard, 1921 accepted as Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) Cachon & Cachon ex Loeblich & Loeblich, 1969
Species Gymnodinium lebouriae Pavillard, 1921 accepted as Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) Cachon & Cachon ex Loeblich & Loeblich, 1969
Species Gymnodinium lens Fott, 1957 accepted as Woloszynskia tenuissima (Lauterborn) R.H.Thompson, 1950 accepted as Borghiella tenuissima (Lauterborn) Moestrup, Gert Hansen & Daugberg, 2008
Species Gymnodinium leopoliense Woloszynska, 1917 accepted as Tovellia leopoliensis (Wolosz.) Moestrup, Lindberg & Daugbjerg, 2005
Species Gymnodinium leopoliensis Woloszynska, 1917 accepted as Woloszynskia leopoliensis (Woloszynska) R.H.Thompson, 1951 accepted as Woloszynskia tenuissima (Lauterborn) R.H.Thompson, 1950 accepted as Borghiella tenuissima (Lauterborn) Moestrup, Gert Hansen & Daugberg, 2008
Species Gymnodinium limitatium Skuja, 1956 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium limneticum Woloszynska, 1935 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium lohmannii Paulsen, 1908 accepted as Gymnodinium gracile Bergh, 1881
Species Gymnodinium lunula Schütt, 1895 accepted as Pyrocystis lunula (J.Schütt) J.Schütt, 1896
Species Gymnodinium luteofaba Javornicky, 1965 accepted as Gymnodinium cnecoides T.M.Harris, 1940
Species Gymnodinium macronucleum Litvinenko, 1963 accepted as Gymnodinium lantzschii Utermöhl, 1925
Species Gymnodinium microadriaticum (Freudenthal) Taylor, 1971 accepted as Symbiodinium microadriaticum Freudenthal, 1962
Species Gymnodinium micrum (B.Leadbeater & J.D.Dodge) Loeblich III, 1970 accepted as Karlodinium veneficum (D.Ballantine) J.Larsen, 2000
Species Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935 accepted as Karenia mikimotoi (Miyake & Kominami ex Oda) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium minimum Klebs, 1912 accepted as Gymnodinium varians Maskell, 1887
Species Gymnodinium minutum Lebour, 1925 accepted as Heterocapsa rotundata (Lohmann) G.Hansen, 1995
Species Gymnodinium mirabile Penard, 1891 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium mirum Utermöhl, 1923 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium monadicum (Perty) Saville-Kent, 1880 accepted as Katodinium monadicum (Perty) Javornicky, 1970
Species Gymnodinium musei Danysz, 1886 accepted as Opisthoaulax musei (Danysz) Calado, 2011
Species Gymnodinium musei Danysz, 1887 accepted as Katodinium musei (Danysz) Fott, 1957 accepted as Opisthoaulax musei (Danysz) Calado, 2011
Species Gymnodinium nagasakiense Takayama & Adachi, 1985 accepted as Karenia mikimotoi (Miyake & Kominami ex Oda) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium neglectum (Schilling) Lindemann, 1929 accepted as Woloszynskia neglecta (Schilling) R.H.Thompson, 1950
Species Gymnodinium nelsonii Martin, 1929 accepted as Gymnodinium sanguineum K.Hirasaka, 1922 accepted as Akashiwo sanguinea (K.Hirasaka) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium nygaardii Christen, 1958 accepted as
Species Gymnodinium obesum Schiller, 1933 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium oligoplacatum Skuja, 1956 accepted as Peridinium umbonatum F.Stein, 1883
Species Gymnodinium opimum Schütt, 1895 accepted as Gyrodinium opimum (Schütt) Lebour, 1925
Species Gymnodinium ordinatum Skuja, 1939 accepted as Woloszynskia ordinata (Skuja) R.H.Thompson, 1950
Species Gymnodinium ovatum Gourret accepted as Gyrodinium ovatum (Gourret) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium ovum Schütt accepted as Gyrodinium ovum (Schütt) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium palustre A.J.Schilling, 1891 accepted as Gymnodinium pseudopalustre J.Schiller accepted as
Species Gymnodinium pascheri (Suchlandt) Schiller, 1954 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium pellucidum Wulff, 1916 accepted as Gyrodinium pellucidum (Wulff) Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium pellucidum (E.C.Herdman) Flø Jørgensen & Murray, 2004 accepted as Gymnodinium venator Flo Jorgensen & Murray, 2004
Species Gymnodinium pigmentosum (Dodge) Loeblich, 1970 accepted as Aureodinium pigmentosum Dodge, 1967
Species Gymnodinium pirum Schütt accepted as Cochlodinium pirum (Schütt) Lemmermann, 1921
Species Gymnodinium poculiferum Skuja, 1956 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium polonicum (Woloszynska) Woloszynska, 1917 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium polyphemus Pouchet accepted as Warnowia polyphemus (Pouchet) J.Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium profundum Schiller, 1933 accepted as Gymnodinium lacustre Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium pseudonoctiluca Pouchet, 1885 accepted as Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) Cachon & Cachon ex Loeblich & Loeblich, 1969
Species Gymnodinium pseudopalustre J.Schiller accepted as
Species Gymnodinium pulchellum J.Larsen, 1994 accepted as Takayama pulchella (Larsen) de Salas, Bolch & Hallegraeff, 2003
Species Gymnodinium pulvisculus Klebs, 1912 accepted as Gymnodinium colymbeticum T.M.Harris, 1940
Species Gymnodinium pulvisculus Pouchet, 1885 accepted as Oodinium pouchetii (Lemmermann) Chatton, 1912
Species Gymnodinium pusillum Schilling, 1891 accepted as Gyrodinium pusillum (Schilling) Kofoid & Swezy
Species Gymnodinium pyrocystis Jörgensen, 1912 accepted as Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) Cachon & Cachon ex Loeblich & Loeblich, 1969
Species Gymnodinium rarum Litvinenko, 1963 accepted as Amphidinium elenkinii Skvortzov, 1925 accepted as Prosoaulax lacustris (F.Stein) Calado & Moestrup, 2005
Species Gymnodinium rhinophoron (Javornicky) Litvinenko, 1977 accepted as Gymnodinium lantzschii Utermöhl, 1925
Species Gymnodinium roseum Lohmann, 1908 accepted as Gymnodinium gracile Bergh, 1881
Species Gymnodinium rotundatum Klebs, 1912 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium rufescens Lemmermann, 1910 accepted as Gymnodinium uberrimum (G.J.Allman) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium saginatum T.M.Harris, 1940 accepted as Gymnodinium cnecoides T.M.Harris, 1940
Species Gymnodinium sangineum Hirasaka, 1924 accepted as Gymnodinium sanguineum K.Hirasaka, 1922 accepted as Akashiwo sanguinea (K.Hirasaka) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium sanguineum K.Hirasaka, 1922 accepted as Akashiwo sanguinea (K.Hirasaka) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium simile Skuja, 1956 accepted as Gymnodinium mitratum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium skvortzovii Schiller, 1933 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium spirale Bergh, 1881 accepted as Gyrodinium spirale (Bergh) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium splendens Lebour, 1925 accepted as Gymnodinium sanguineum K.Hirasaka, 1922 accepted as Akashiwo sanguinea (K.Hirasaka) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium stagnale J.Schiller, 1955 accepted as Prosoaulax lacustris (F.Stein) Calado & Moestrup, 2005
Species Gymnodinium stigmaticum Lindemann, 1928 accepted as Katodinium stigmaticum (Lindemann) A.R.Loeblich III, 1965
Species Gymnodinium strangulatum Schütt, 1895 accepted as Cochlodinium strangulatum (Schütt) Schütt, 1896
Species Gymnodinium striatissimum E.M.Hulburt, 1957 accepted as Gyrodinium striatissimum (E.M.Hulburt) G.Hansen & Ø.Moestrup, 2000
Species Gymnodinium sugashimanii J.Cachon, H.Saton, M.Cachon & S.Sato, 1989 accepted as Gyrodinium sugashimanii J.Cachon, H.Saton, M.Cachon & S.Sato, 1989
Species Gymnodinium tatricum Woloszynska, 1919 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium tenuissimum Lauterborn, 1894 accepted as Borghiella tenuissima (Lauterborn) Moestrup, Gert Hansen & Daugberg, 2008
Species Gymnodinium teredo Pouchet accepted as Torodinium teredo (Pouchet) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921
Species Gymnodinium thompsonii (Thompson) Kiselev, 1954 accepted as Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium titubans Christen, 1958 accepted as Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium tridentatum Schiller, 1933 accepted as Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium uncatenatum (Hulburt) Hallegraeff, 2002 (unaccepted, synonym)
Species Gymnodinium undulatum Woloszynska, 1925 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium veneficum D.Ballantine, 1956 accepted as Karlodinium veneficum (D.Ballantine) J.Larsen, 2000
Species Gymnodinium veris E.Lindemann, 1925 accepted as Woloszynskia pascheri (Suchlandt) von Stosch, 1973
Species Gymnodinium viride Penard, 1891 accepted as Gymnodinium aeruginosum F.Stein, 1883
Species Gymnodinium viridis Lebour, 1917 accepted as Gymnodinium conicum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921 accepted as Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) Cachon & Cachon ex Loeblich & Loeblich, 1969
Species Gymnodinium vitiligo D.Ballantine, 1956 accepted as Karlodinium vitiligo (D.Ballantine) J.Larsen, 2000
Species Gymnodinium vorticella F.Stein, 1883 accepted as Opisthoaulax vorticella (F. Stein) Calado, 2011
Species Gymnodinium waltzii Baumeister, 1957 accepted as Gymnodinium austriacum Schiller, 1933
Species Gymnodinium wigrense Woloszynska, 1925 accepted as Gymnodinium palustre A.J.Schilling, 1891 accepted as Gymnodinium pseudopalustre J.Schiller accepted as
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| Environment | | marine |
| Distribution | | Gulf of Maine [details]
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| Links | | PlanktonNet Image
Published in AlgaeBase 
To GenBank
To ITIS
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| Notes | |
Classification: This genus was originally placed under the family Gymnodiniidae as proposed by Hayward and Ryland (1990). [details]
Diet: general for group: both heterotrophic (eat other organisms) and autotrophic (photosynthetic) [details]
Ecology: Blooms of this genus were recorded as early as 1937 in the Oslo Fjord (Braarud, 1945) an have occured more recently as G. sanguinum with concentrations up to 35 106 ind/l. [details]
Habitat: pelagic [details]
Importance: General: known for producing dangerous toxins, particularly when in large numbers, called "red tides" because the cells are so abundant they make water change color. Also they can produce non-fatal or fatal amounts of toxins in predators (particularly shellfish) that may be eaten by humans. [details]
Predators: marine microorganisms and animal larvae [details]
Reproduction: general for group: both sexual and asexual [details]
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| Images | | 
Meunier (1919, pl. 21)
added on 2008-07-18 - author: A. Meunier
scan provided by VLIZ - Wetenschatten
qualitystatus: not checked |
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Gymnodinium
added on 2011-03-09 - author: Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dalhousie University, Rajashree Gouda ( )
qualitystatus: not checked |
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| LSID | | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:109475 |
Taxonomic
Edit history | |
| Date | action | by |
|---|
| 2004-12-21 15:54:05Z | created | db_admin |
| 2006-07-12 06:39:56Z | changed | Camba Reu, Cibran |
| 2010-08-12 12:41:00Z | changed | Guiry, Michael D. |
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[Taxonomic tree] [Distribution map] [Google] [Google scholar] [Google images] |
| | | Citation: Guiry, Michael D. (2013). Gymnodinium Stein, 1878. In: Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2013). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=109475 on 2013-05-21 |
| | |  The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License |
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