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Genomic comparison of the temperate coral Astrangia poculata with tropical corals yields insights into winter quiescence, innate immunity, and sexual reproduction
Stankiewicz, K.H.; Guiglielmoni, N.; Kitchen, S.A.; Flot, J.-F.; Barott, K.L.; Davies, S.W.; Finnerty, J.R.; Grace, S.P.; Kaufman, L.S.; Putnam, H.M.; Rotjan, R.D.; Sharp, K.H.; Peters, E.C.; Baums, I.B. (2025). Genomic comparison of the temperate coral Astrangia poculata with tropical corals yields insights into winter quiescence, innate immunity, and sexual reproduction. G3-Genes Genomes Genetics 15(4): jkaf03. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkaf033
In: G3-Genes Genomes Genetics: Bethesda. e-ISSN 2160-1836
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Biological phenomena > Evolution
    Corals
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    chromosome-level genome assembly, scleractinian, facultative symbiosis, gene family expansion, whole-genome duplication, dormancy, mass spawning
Authors  Top 
  • Stankiewicz, K.H.
  • Guiglielmoni, N.
  • Kitchen, S.A.
  • Flot, J.-F.
  • Barott, K.L.
  • Davies, S.W.
  • Finnerty, J.R.
  • Grace, S.P.
  • Kaufman, L.S.
  • Putnam, H.M.
  • Rotjan, R.D.
  • Sharp, K.H.
  • Peters, E.C.
  • Baums, I.B.
Abstract
    Facultatively symbiotic corals provide important experimental models to explore the establishment, maintenance, and breakdown of the mutualism between corals and members of the algal family Symbiodiniaceae. Here, we report the de novo chromosome-scale genome assembly and annotation of the facultatively symbiotic, temperate coral Astrangia poculata. Though widespread segmental/tandem duplications of genomic regions were detected, we did not find strong evidence of a whole-genome duplication event. Comparison of the gene arrangement between As. poculata and the tropical coral Acropora millepora revealed considerable conserved colinearity despite ∼415 million years of divergence. Gene families related to sperm hyperactivation and innate immunity, including lectins, were found to contain more genes in Ac. millepora relative to As. poculata. Sperm hyperactivation in Ac. millepora is expected given the extreme requirements of gamete competition during mass spawning events in tropical corals, while lectins are important in the establishment of coral–algal symbiosis. By contrast, gene families involved in sleep promotion, feeding suppression, and circadian sleep/wake cycle processes were expanded in As. poculata. These expanded gene families may play a role in As. poculata's ability to enter a dormancy-like state (winter quiescence) to survive freezing temperatures at the northern edges of the species' range.
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