WoRMS taxon details
Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855
138543 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:138543)
accepted
Genus
Eolis nana Alder & Hancock, 1842 accepted as Cuthona nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842) (type by monotypy)
Njurja Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960 · unaccepted
Precuthona Odhner, 1929 · unaccepted
- Species Cuthona antarctica (Pfeffer, 1886)
- Species Cuthona barbadiana Edmunds & Just, 1983
- Species Cuthona behrensi Hermosillo & Á. Valdés, 2007
- Species Cuthona claviformis Vicente, 1974
- Species Cuthona correai Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2002
- Species Cuthona crinita Minichev, 1972
- Species Cuthona destinyae Hermosillo & Á. Valdés, 2007
- Species Cuthona diminutiva Gosliner, 1980
- Species Cuthona divae (Er. Marcus, 1961)
- Species Cuthona fidenciae (Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 1999)
- Species Cuthona fructuosa (Bergh, 1892)
- Species Cuthona futairo Baba, 1963
- Species Cuthona georgiana (Pfeffer, 1886)
- Species Cuthona giarannae Á. Valdés, Moran & H. A. Woods, 2012
- Species Cuthona hamanni Behrens, 1987
- Species Cuthona henrici Eliot, 1916
- Species Cuthona hermitophila Martynov, Sanamyan & Korshunova, 2015
- Species Cuthona herrerai Ortea, Moro & Caballer, 2002
- Species Cuthona iris Edmunds & Just, 1983
- Species Cuthona leopardina (Vayssière, 1888)
- Species Cuthona lizae Angulo-Campillo & Á. Valdés, 2003
- Species Cuthona longi Behrens, 1985
- Species Cuthona methana Á. Valdés, Lundsten & N. G. Wilson, 2018
- Species Cuthona millenae Hermosillo & Á. Valdés, 2007
- Species Cuthona mimar Ortea & Moro, 2018
- Species Cuthona nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842)
- Species Cuthona netsica (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960)
- Species Cuthona norvegica (Odhner, 1929)
- Species Cuthona odhneri Er. Marcus, 1959
- Species Cuthona pallida (Eliot, 1906)
- Species Cuthona paucicirra Minichev, 1972
- Species Cuthona perca (Er. Marcus, 1958)
- Species Cuthona phoenix Gosliner, 1981
- Species Cuthona puellula (Baba, 1955)
- Species Cuthona pumilio Bergh, 1871
- Species Cuthona pusilla (Bergh, 1898)
- Species Cuthona riosi Hermosillo & Á. Valdés, 2008
- Species Cuthona rolleri Behrens & Gosliner, 1988
- Species Cuthona thompsoni F. J. García, López-González & García-Gómez, 1991
- Species Cuthona tina (Er. Marcus, 1957)
- Species Cuthona valentini (Eliot, 1907)
- Species Cuthona veronicae (A. E. Verrill, 1880)
- Species Cuthona willani Cervera, García-Gómez & López-González, 1992
- Subgenus Cuthona (Hervia) Bergh, 1871 accepted as Hervia Bergh, 1871 accepted as Facelina Alder & Hancock, 1855
- Species Cuthona (Hervia) emurai Baba, 1937 accepted as Hermissenda emurai (Baba, 1937) (basionym)
- Species Cuthona (Hervia) inconspicua Baba, 1938 accepted as Setoeolis inconspicua (Baba, 1938)
- Species Cuthona (Hervia) ornata Baba, 1937 accepted as Trinchesia ornata (Baba, 1937) accepted as Tenellia ornata (Baba, 1937)
- Species Cuthona abronia (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Abronica abronia (MacFarland, 1966)
- Species Cuthona abyssicola (Bergh, 1884) accepted as Cuthonella abyssicola Bergh, 1884
- Species Cuthona acinosa (Risbec, 1928) accepted as Trinchesia acinosa (Risbec, 1928) accepted as Tenellia acinosa (Risbec, 1928)
- Species Cuthona albocrusta (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Trinchesia albocrusta (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Tenellia albocrusta (MacFarland, 1966)
- Species Cuthona albopunctata (Schmekel, 1968) accepted as Trinchesia albopunctata Schmekel, 1968 accepted as Tenellia albopunctata (Schmekel, 1968)
- Species Cuthona alpha Baba & Hamatani, 1963 accepted as Catriona alpha (Baba & Hamatani, 1963) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona amoena (Alder & Hancock, 1845) accepted as Rubramoena amoena (Alder & Hancock, 1845) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona anulata (Baba, 1949) accepted as Trinchesia anulata (Baba, 1949) accepted as Tenellia anulata (Baba, 1949)
- Species Cuthona aurantia (Alder & Hancock, 1842) accepted as Catriona aurantia (Alder & Hancock, 1842) accepted as Tenellia aurantia (Alder & Hancock, 1842)
- Species Cuthona berghi (Friele, 1902) accepted as Cuthonella berghi Friele, 1903 accepted as Cuthonella abyssicola Bergh, 1884
- Species Cuthona beta (Baba & Abe, 1964) accepted as Trinchesia beta (Baba & Abe, 1964) accepted as Tenellia beta (Baba & Abe, 1964) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona bractea Burn, 1962 accepted as Tularia bractea (Burn, 1962) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona caerulea (Montagu, 1804) accepted as Trinchesia caerulea (Montagu, 1804) accepted as Tenellia caerulea (Montagu, 1804)
- Species Cuthona cocoachroma G. C. Williams & Gosliner, 1979 accepted as Cuthonella cocoachroma (G. C. Williams & Gosliner, 1979)
- Species Cuthona columbiana (O'Donoghue, 1922) accepted as Tenellia columbiana (O'Donoghue, 1922) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona concinna (Alder & Hancock, 1843) accepted as Cuthonella concinna (Alder & Hancock, 1843)
- Species Cuthona distans Odhner, 1922 accepted as Cuthonella concinna (Alder & Hancock, 1843)
- Species Cuthona diversicolor Baba, 1975 accepted as Trinchesia diversicolor Baba, 1975 accepted as Tenellia diversicolor (Baba, 1975)
- Species Cuthona elenae (Martynov, 2000) accepted as Cuthonella elenae Martynov, 2000
- Species Cuthona elioti Odhner, 1944 accepted as Cuthonella elioti (Odhner, 1944)
- Species Cuthona emurai Baba, 1937 accepted as Hermissenda emurai (Baba, 1937) (original combination)
- Species Cuthona ferruginea (Friele, 1903) accepted as Cuthonella ferruginea Friele, 1903 accepted as Cuthonella abyssicola Bergh, 1884
- Species Cuthona flavovulta (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Tenellia flavovulta (MacFarland, 1966) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona foliata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1839) accepted as Trinchesia foliata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1839) accepted as Tenellia foliata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1839)
- Species Cuthona fulgens (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Zelentia fulgens (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Tenellia fulgens (MacFarland, 1966)
- Species Cuthona genovae (O'Donoghue, 1926) accepted as Trinchesia genovae (O'Donoghue, 1926) accepted as Tenellia genovae (O'Donoghue, 1926)
- Species Cuthona granosa (Schmekel, 1966) accepted as Trinchesia granosa Schmekel, 1966 accepted as Tenellia granosa (Schmekel, 1966)
- Species Cuthona gymnota (Couthouy, 1838) accepted as Catriona gymnota (Couthouy, 1838) accepted as Tenellia gymnota (Couthouy, 1838)
- Species Cuthona hiemalis Roginskaya, 1987 accepted as Cuthonella hiemalis (Roginskaya, 1987) (original combination)
- Species Cuthona ilonae (Schmekel, 1968) accepted as Trinchesia ilonae Schmekel, 1968 accepted as Tenellia ilonae (Schmekel, 1968)
- Species Cuthona japonica Baba, 1937 accepted as Sakuraeolis japonica (Baba, 1937) (original combination)
- Species Cuthona kanga (Edmunds, 1970) accepted as Tenellia kanga (Edmunds, 1970) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona kuiteri Rudman, 1981 accepted as Tenellia kuiterorum (Rudman, 1981) (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect original spelling, named after husband and wife)
- Species Cuthona lagunae (O'Donoghue, 1926) accepted as Diaphoreolis lagunae (O'Donoghue, 1926) accepted as Tenellia lagunae (O'Donoghue, 1926)
- Species Cuthona luciae Á. Valdés, Medrano & Bhave, 2016 accepted as Cuthona herrerai Ortea, Moro & Caballer, 2002
- Species Cuthona macquariensis (Burn, 1973) accepted as Trinchesia macquariensis Burn, 1973 accepted as Tenellia macquariensis (Burn, 1973)
- Species Cuthona marisalbi Roginskaya, 1963 accepted as Cuthonella concinna (Alder & Hancock, 1843)
- Species Cuthona miniostriata (Schmekel, 1968) accepted as Trinchesia miniostriata Schmekel, 1968 accepted as Tenellia miniostriata (Schmekel, 1968)
- Species Cuthona modesta (Eliot, 1907) accepted as Cuthonella modesta Eliot, 1907
- Species Cuthona ocellata (Schmekel, 1966) accepted as Trinchesia ocellata Schmekel, 1966 accepted as Tenellia ocellata (Schmekel, 1966)
- Species Cuthona ornata Baba, 1937 accepted as Tenellia ornata (Baba, 1937) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona osyoro Baba, 1940 accepted as Cuthonella osyoro (Baba, 1940) (original combination)
- Species Cuthona peregrina (Gmelin, 1791) accepted as Cratena peregrina (Gmelin, 1791)
- Species Cuthona pinnifera (Baba, 1949) accepted as Catriona pinnifera (Baba, 1949)
- Species Cuthona poritophages Rudman, 1979 accepted as Tenellia poritophages (Rudman, 1979) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona punicea Millen, 1986 accepted as Cuthonella punicea (Millen, 1986)
- Species Cuthona purpureoanulata (Baba, 1961) accepted as Abronica purpureoanulata (Baba, 1961)
- Species Cuthona pustulata (Alder & Hancock, 1854) accepted as Tenellia pustulata (Alder & Hancock, 1854) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona reflexa M. C. Miller, 1977 accepted as Tenellia reflexa (M. C. Miller, 1977) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona rubescens Picton & G. H. Brown, 1978 accepted as Rubramoena rubescens (Picton & G. H. Brown, 1978)
- Species Cuthona rubra (Edmunds, 1964) accepted as Selva rubra Edmunds, 1964
- Species Cuthona scintillans M. C. Miller, 1977 accepted as Tenellia scintillans (M. C. Miller, 1977) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona sibogae (Bergh, 1905) accepted as Trinchesia sibogae (Bergh, 1905) accepted as Tenellia sibogae (Bergh, 1905)
- Species Cuthona speciosa (Macnae, 1954) accepted as Trinchesia speciosa (Macnae, 1954) accepted as Tenellia speciosa (Macnae, 1954) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona stimpsoni A. E. Verrill, 1879 accepted as Ziminella salmonacea (Couthouy, 1838) (synonym)
- Species Cuthona suecica (Odhner, 1940) accepted as Xenocratena suecica Odhner, 1940
- Species Cuthona thelmae (Burn, 1964) accepted as Trinchesia thelmae (Burn, 1964) accepted as Tenellia thelmae (Burn, 1964)
- Species Cuthona virens (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Trinchesia virens (MacFarland, 1966) accepted as Tenellia virens (MacFarland, 1966)
- Species Cuthona viridis (Forbes, 1840) accepted as Diaphoreolis viridis (Forbes, 1840) accepted as Tenellia viridis (Forbes, 1840)
- Species Cuthona yamasui Hamatani, 1993 accepted as Tenellia yamasui (Hamatani, 1993) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona zelandica Odhner, 1924 accepted as Tenellia zelandica (Odhner, 1924) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Cuthona germaini Risbec, 1937 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
- Species Cuthona mimetica Pruvot-Fol, 1930 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
- Species Cuthona schraderi (Pfeffer, 1886) accepted as Guyvalvoria paradoxa (Eliot, 1907) (uncertain > nomen dubium)
marine
Alder J. & Hancock A. (1845-1855). <i>A monograph of the British nudibranchiate Mollusca: with figures of all the species</i>. London: Ray Society. Part 1 (1845): fam. 1, pls 4, 5, 26; fam. 3, pls 3, 21, 24, 26, 34-36. Part 2 (1846): fam. 1, pls 10, 13, 18, 23; fam. 3, pls 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 15, 23, 30, 42. Part 3 (1847): fam. 1, pls 6, 8, 19, 25; fam. 2, pl. 3; fam. 3, pls 1a, 7, 19, 28, 31, 33. Part 4 (1848): fam. 1, pls 7, 14, 20, 21, 24; fam. 2, pl. 5; fam. 3, pls 11, 13, 14, 20, 25, 40. Part 5 (1851): fam. 1, pls 1, 2, 12, 15, 16, 22; fam. 2, pl. 4; fam. 3, pls 5, 16, 17, 27, 37, 39, 43. Part 6 (1854): fam. 1, pls 3, 9, 11, 17; fam. 3, pls 9, 10, 18, 22, 29, 32, 41, 44. Part 7 (1855): pp. 1-54, fam. 1, pls 21a, 27; fam. 2, pls 1, 2; fam. 3, pls. 38a, 45-48. Appendix, pp. i-xl. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41957697
page(s): Appendix: xxii [details]
page(s): Appendix: xxii [details]
Taxonomy Cella et al. (2016) regard Cuthona as currently conceived as polyphyletic, and redistributed several species previously...
Taxonomy Miller (2004) restricted the genus Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855 to the type species, C. nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842), and...
Taxonomy Cella et al. (2016) regard Cuthona as currently conceived as polyphyletic, and redistributed several species previously assigned to this genus in genera Tenellia A, Costa, 1866, Cuthonella Bergh, 1884, and their new genera Abronica and Rubramoena. However, most species here listed as accepted under Cuthona have not been reevaluated and retain their accepted generic combination until further notice. [details]
Taxonomy Miller (2004) restricted the genus Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855 to the type species, C. nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842), and...
Taxonomy Miller (2004) restricted the genus Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855 to the type species, C. nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842), and transfered to the genus Trinchesia the rest of the species previously included in Cuthona. Miller has been followed by some authors, and has not been followed by others - and there is currently much instability on the extension and contents of these two genera. [details]
MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138543 on 2025-04-27
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Nomenclature
original description
Alder J. & Hancock A. (1845-1855). <i>A monograph of the British nudibranchiate Mollusca: with figures of all the species</i>. London: Ray Society. Part 1 (1845): fam. 1, pls 4, 5, 26; fam. 3, pls 3, 21, 24, 26, 34-36. Part 2 (1846): fam. 1, pls 10, 13, 18, 23; fam. 3, pls 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 15, 23, 30, 42. Part 3 (1847): fam. 1, pls 6, 8, 19, 25; fam. 2, pl. 3; fam. 3, pls 1a, 7, 19, 28, 31, 33. Part 4 (1848): fam. 1, pls 7, 14, 20, 21, 24; fam. 2, pl. 5; fam. 3, pls 11, 13, 14, 20, 25, 40. Part 5 (1851): fam. 1, pls 1, 2, 12, 15, 16, 22; fam. 2, pl. 4; fam. 3, pls 5, 16, 17, 27, 37, 39, 43. Part 6 (1854): fam. 1, pls 3, 9, 11, 17; fam. 3, pls 9, 10, 18, 22, 29, 32, 41, 44. Part 7 (1855): pp. 1-54, fam. 1, pls 21a, 27; fam. 2, pls 1, 2; fam. 3, pls. 38a, 45-48. Appendix, pp. i-xl. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41957697
page(s): Appendix: xxii [details]
original description (of Njurja Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960) Marcus, Er.; Marcus, Ev. (1960). Opisthobranchia aus dem Roten Meer und von den Malediven. <em>Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse.</em> 12: 873-934. [details]
page(s): Appendix: xxii [details]
original description (of Njurja Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960) Marcus, Er.; Marcus, Ev. (1960). Opisthobranchia aus dem Roten Meer und von den Malediven. <em>Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse.</em> 12: 873-934. [details]
Other
context source (Deepsea)
Valdés, Á.; Lundsten, L.; Wilson, N. G. (2018). Five new deep-sea species of nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Cladobranchia) from the Northeast Pacific. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4526(4): 401., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4526.4.1 [details]
additional source Miller, M. C. (2004). An appraisal of the identity of the New Zealand species of the aeolid nudibranch family Tergipedidae (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia). <em>Journal of Natural History.</em> 38: 1183-1192. [details] Available for editors
[request]
additional source Cella, K; Carmona Barnosi, L.; Ekimova, I; Chichvarkhin, A; Schepetov, D; Gosliner, T. M. (2016). A radical solution: The phylogeny of the nudibranch family Fionidae. <em>PLoS ONE.</em> 11(12): e0167800., available online at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167800 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Miller, M. C. (2004). An appraisal of the identity of the New Zealand species of the aeolid nudibranch family Tergipedidae (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia). <em>Journal of Natural History.</em> 38: 1183-1192. [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Cella, K; Carmona Barnosi, L.; Ekimova, I; Chichvarkhin, A; Schepetov, D; Gosliner, T. M. (2016). A radical solution: The phylogeny of the nudibranch family Fionidae. <em>PLoS ONE.</em> 11(12): e0167800., available online at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167800 [details] Available for editors
[request]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Taxonomy Cella et al. (2016) regard Cuthona as currently conceived as polyphyletic, and redistributed several species previously assigned to this genus in genera Tenellia A, Costa, 1866, Cuthonella Bergh, 1884, and their new genera Abronica and Rubramoena. However, most species here listed as accepted under Cuthona have not been reevaluated and retain their accepted generic combination until further notice. [details]Taxonomy Miller (2004) restricted the genus Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855 to the type species, C. nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842), and transfered to the genus Trinchesia the rest of the species previously included in Cuthona. Miller has been followed by some authors, and has not been followed by others - and there is currently much instability on the extension and contents of these two genera. [details]
