Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879) 
AphiaID: 130578

Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Annelida (Phylum) > Polychaeta (Class) > Scolecida (Subclass) > Paraonidae (Family) > Levinsenia (Genus)

Status		accepted
Record status		Checked by Taxonomic Editor
Rank		Species
Parent		Levinsenia Mesnil, 1897
Synonymised taxa		Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879 (objective synonym) Paraonis filiformis Hartman, 1953 (subjective synonym) Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879) (superseded combination) Paraonis ivanovi Annenkova, 1934 (subjective synonym)
Sources		basis of record: Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 214-231 (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: Brunel, P., Bosse, L. & Lamarche, G. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126. 405 p. (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: Pettibone, M.H. 1952 MS. Checklist of Polychaeta of New England region. 32 p. [details] additional source: Trott, T.J. 2004. Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist (Special Issue 2): 261 - 324. [details] additional source: Fauchald, Kristian (2007). World Register of Polychaeta, available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta [details] additional source: ITIS database, available online at http://www.itis.gov [details] additional source: Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1996). Annelida, Borstenwürmer, Polychaeta [Annelida, bristleworms, Polychaeta]. 2nd revised ed. The fauna of Germany and adjacent seas with their characteristics and ecology, 58. Gustav Fischer: Jena, Germany. ISBN 3-437-35038-2. 648 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: Hartley, J. P. 1981. The Family Paraonidae, (Polychaeta) in British Waters, A New Species and New records with a Key to Species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 61(1): 133-150. page(s): 146 [details] additional source: Glasby, C.; Read, G. (2009). Polychaeta, Myzostomida. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp [details] additional source: Fauchald, K., A. Granados-Barba, and V. Solís-Weiss. 2009. Polychaeta (Annelida) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 751–788 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details] redescription: Jirkov, I.A. 2001. [Polychaeta of the Arctic Ocean] Polikhety severnogo Ledovitogo Okeana. Moskva, Yanus-K, 1-632, available online at http://hydro.bio.msu.ru/Personal/Jirkov.htm [details] redescription: Blake, J.A. 1996. Family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909. pages 27-70. IN: Blake, James A.; Hilbig, Brigitte; and Scott, Paul H. Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 6 - The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara [details] from synonym: Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1971).[use for POLYCHAETA] Annelida, Borstenwürmer, Polychaeta 1-594. IN: Dahl, Maria and Peus, Fritz (Ed.). Vol. 58. Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Maermalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Jena. (look up in IMIS) [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Day, J.H. (1967). Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 2. Sedentaria. British Museum (Natural History), London. Pp 459-842. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Cerruti, Attilio 1909. Contributo all'Anatomia, biologia e sistematica delle Paraonidae (Levinsenidae) con particolare riguardo alle specie del golfo di Napoli. Mitteilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 19(3): 459-512. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Hartman, O. 1957. Orbiniidae, Apistobranchidae, Paraonidae and Longosomidae. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 15(3): 211-393. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Uschakov, Pavel Vladimirovich. 1955. Monogoshchetinkovye chervi dal'nevostochnykh morei U.S.S.R. 1-445. Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR. Moscow & Leningrad. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Hartman, O. 1953. Non-pelagic polychaeta of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901-1903. Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901-1903, 4(11): 1-83. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Annenkova, N. P. 1934. Paraoniden der Meeren des Fernen Osten der USSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 3(8-9): 656-658. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: Tauber, P. 1879. Annulata Danica. En Kritisk Revision af de i Danmark Fundne Annulata Chaetognatha, Gephyrea, Balanoglossi, Discophoreae, Oligochaeta, Gymnocopa og Polychaeta. 1-143. Reitzel. K benhavn. [details] [view taxon] from synonym: International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1979. Opinion 1139: Paraonis Grube, 1873 (Polychaeta, Paraonidae): designation of a type species under the plenary powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 36(2): 114-118. [details] [view taxon]
Environment		marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Fossil range		recent only
Distribution		Canadian part of the Arctic Ocean (from synonym) [details] [view taxon] Caribbean Sea (from synonym) [details] [view taxon] Cobscook Bay [details] Cuba (from synonym) [details] [view taxon] European waters (ERMS scope) [details] Greek Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Gulf of Maine [details] Gulf of Mexico [details] Irish Exclusive economic Zone [details] Manicouagan [details] New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone [details] North West Atlantic [details] Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone (from synonym) [details] [view taxon] Saint Lawrence River [details] Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone (from synonym) [details] [view taxon] United Kingdom Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Venezuela [details]
Feedingtypes		deposit feeder: surface [details] interface grazer [details] suspension feeder: facultative [details]
Links		To Barcode of Life To Biodiversity Heritage Library (9 publications) To Encyclopedia of Life To Marine Species Identification Portal To PESI To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelid Collection To ITIS
Notes		Distribution: Gulf of St. Lawrence to Massachusetts; Antarctic; Bering Sea; Greenland; Iceland; Faroes [details] Habitat: bathyal, infralittoral and circalittoral of the Gulf and estuary [details]
Image		Levinsenia gracilis added on 2012-10-09 - author: Adrian Glover, NHM qualitystatus: not checked
LSID		urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:130578
Taxonomic Edit history		Date    action    by 2004-12-21 15:54:05Z   created   Bellan, Gérard 2008-03-26 11:36:43Z   changed   Fauchald, Kristian
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		Citation: Fauchald, K.; Bellan, G. (2013). Levinsenia gracilis. In: Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2013) World Polychaeta database. Accessed through: Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2013) World Polychaeta database at http://www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=130578 on 2013-05-18