WoRMS taxon details
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758
AphiaID: 126983
AphiaID: 126983
| Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Vertebrata (Subphylum) > Gnathostomata (Superclass) > Pisces (Superclass) > Actinopterygii (Class) > Mugiliformes (Order) > Mugilidae (Family) > Mugil (Genus) |
| Status | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record status | Checked by Taxonomic Editor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank | Species | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typetaxon of |
Mugil Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent | Mugil Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonymised taxa |
Mugil albula Linnaeus, 1766 Mugil ashanteensis Bleeker, 1863 Mugil cephalas Linnaeus, 1758 (misspelling) Mugil cephalotus Valenciennes, 1836 Mugil cephalus ashanteensis Bleeker, 1863 Mugil cephalus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Mugil crenilabis our Forsskål, 1775 Mugil dobula Günther, 1861 Mugil gelatinosus Klunzinger, 1872 Mugil grandis Castelnau, 1879 Mugil hypselosoma Ogilby, 1897 Mugil japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1845 Mugil lineatus Valenciennes, 1836 Mugil mexicanus Steindachner, 1876 Mugil muelleri Klunzinger, 1880 Mugil mulleri Klunzinger, 1880 Mugil occidentalis Castelnau, 1873 Mugil our Forsskål, 1775 Mugil provensalis Risso, 1810 Mugil tang Bloch, 1794 Mugil vulpinus Nardo, 1847 Myxus barnardi Gilchrist & Thompson, 1914 Myxus caecutiens Günther, 1876 Myxus pacificus Steindachner, 1900 Myxus superficialis Klunzinger, 1870 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sources |
original description: Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp., available online at http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/no_cache/dms/load/toc/?IDDOC=265100 page(s): 316 [details] basis of record: van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details] basis of record: Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: FishBase, version december 2007, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details] additional source: FishBase, version may 2009 [details] additional source: Roberts, C.; Stewart, A.; Francis, M. (2009). Marine fishes (Chordata). In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp [details] additional source: McEachran, J. D. 2009. Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details] additional source: FishBase, version october 2012 [details] additional source: Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott. 1988. Atlantic fishes of Canada. Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 219. 731 p. [details] additional source: Welshman, D., S. Kohler, J. Black and L. Van Guelpen. 2003. An atlas of distributions of Canadian Atlantic fishes. , available online at http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/205/301/ic/cdc/FishAtlas/default.htm [details] additional source: Eschmeyer, W.: Catalog of fishes; California Academy of Sciences, department Ichtyology., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details] additional source: Fishbase, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details] from synonym: Linnaeus, C. (1766). Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. 12th ed. v. 1 (pt 1): 1-532. [details] [view taxon] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vernacular Names |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct child taxa [show all] | Subspecies Mugil cephalus ashanteensis Bleeker, 1863 accepted as Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Subspecies Mugil cephalus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Subspecies Mugil cephalus ramado Risso, 1827 accepted as Liza ramada (Risso, 1827) Subspecies Mugil cephalus rammelsbergi Tschudi, 1846 accepted as Mugil rammelsbergii Tschudi, 1846 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine, brackish, fresh, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution | Belgian Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Black Sea [details] Chagos [details] Egypt [details] European waters (ERMS scope) [details] Greek Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Gulf of Maine [details] Gulf of Mexico [details] Israeli part of the Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin [details] Kenya [details] Madagascar [details] Mozambique [details] Mtwapa [details] New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone [details] North West Atlantic [details] Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Seychelles [details] Somalia [details] South Africa [details] South Africa (country) [details] Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Tanzania [details] Ungama Bay [details] United Kingdom Exclusive Economic Zone [details] West Australia [details] Western Indian Ocean [details] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Host of |
Therodamas frontalis El-Rashidy & Boxshall, 2001 (parasite)
Ergasilus lizae Krøyer, 1863 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Nipergasilus bora (Yamaguti, 1939) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Colobomatus mugilis Raibaut, Caillet & Ben Hassine, 1978 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus minimus Otto, 1821 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus pageti Russell, 1925 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Pseudocaligus apodus Brian, 1924 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernaeenicus vorax Richiardi, 1877 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernaeolophus sultanus (Milne Edwards, 1840) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernaeenicus longiventris Wilson C.B., 1917 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus rufimaculatus Wilson C.B., 1905 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus mugilis Brian, 1935 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Brachiella oblonga Valle, 1881 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Bomolochus chalguanus Fernandez, 1987 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Bomolochus concinnus Wilson C.B., 1911 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Bomolochus nitidus Wilson C.B., 1911 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus bombayensis Rangnekar, 1955 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus engraulidis Barnard, 1948 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus epidemicus Hewitt, 1971 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus orientalis Gusev, 1951 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus platytarsis Bassett-Smith, 1898 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus punctatus Shiino, 1955 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus rotundigenitalis Yü, 1933 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Colobomatus deltotus West, 1985 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Dermoergasilus amplectens (Dogiel & Akhmerov, 1952) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Dermoergasilus mugilis Oldewage & van As, 1988 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus amplectens Dogiel & Akhmerov, 1952 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus cyanopictus Carvalho, 1962 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus fryeri Paperna, 1964 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus ilani Oldewage & van As, 1988 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus mugilis Vogt, 1877 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus versicolor Wilson C.B., 1911 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lepeophtheirus hospitalis Fraser, 1920 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lepeophtheirus kareii Yamaguti, 1936 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernanthropsis mugilii (Shishido, 1898) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Pseudolepeophtheirus mediterraneus Paperna, 1964 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernanthropus shishidoi Shiino, 1955 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus irritans Heller, 1865 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Naobranchia lizae (Krøyer, 1863) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Neobrachiella exilis (Shiino, 1956) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus nanus Beneden, 1870 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Ergasilus longimanus Kroyer, 1863 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernaea cyprinacea Linnaeus, 1758 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Lernanthropus mugilii Shishido, 1898 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Nothobomolochus teres (Wilson C.B., 1911) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Therodamas frontalis El-Rashidy & Boxshall, 2001 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Paraergasilus dichotomus El-Rashidy & Boxshall, 2001 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Caligus pagrosomi schlegeli Ho & Lin, 2003 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Diergasilus kasaharai Do, 1981 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Colobomatus mugilis Raibaut, Caillet & Ben Hassine, 1978 (parasitic: endoparasitic) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Links | To Barcode of Life (109 barcodes) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (582 publications) To Encyclopedia of Life To FAO Cultured Aquatic species fact sheets To FAO Species fact sheets To FishBase To GenBank (916 nucleotides; 482 proteins) To IUCN Red List To Marine Species Identification Portal To PESI To ITIS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes |
Description: Occurs at temperatures ranging from 8-24°C (Ref. 4944) in calm waters close to shore, around mouths of streams and inlets, and brackish bays and harbors. Usually found in schools over sand or mud bottom (Ref. 2850). Mainly diurnal, feeds on zooplankton, benthic organisms and detritus. Also takes diatom algae and small invertebrates (Ref. 9072). Feeds occasionally at the surface (Ref. 9987). Can be used in aquaculture if stock is collected from the sea (Ref. 4967). Marketed fresh, dried,salted, and frozen; roe sold fresh or smoked (Ref. 9312). [details] Diet: Feeds on zooplankton, benthic organisms, detritus [details] Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Brazil; Cape Cod to southern Gulf of Mexico; absent in the Bahamas and most of West Indies and Caribbean [details] Habitat: nektonic [details] Habitat: Occasionally found in Canadian Atlantic waters. Coastal species, found to depths of 120 m and often enter estuaries and rivers. [details] Importance: Social- Highly commercial, aquaculture, gamefish [details] Reproduction: Spawns in the sea from July to October, scatters 5- 7 million eggs into the open water/ substratum [details] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Images |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| LSID | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:126983 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Edit history |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Taxonomic tree] [Distribution map] [Google] [Google scholar] [Google images] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Citation: Bailly, N. (2013). Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758. In: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2013) FishBase. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126983 on 2013-05-23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License |
