Deep-Sea source details
Although there have been several collections of polychaetous annelids from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, very few spionids have been included in the published species lists. This is not because they are poorly represented in this area but probably a result of their small size and the fact that they are easily overlooked both in collecting and in sorting of samples. It is also probable that their small size renders them an unpopular group with which to work. Very few spionids were reported from collections of the early large scale collecting cruises. This can be, at least in part, attributed to the fact that they are more common in littoral habitats than in deeper waters.
Schmarda (1861) reported three species as a result of his world cruise (1853—57) during which he visited several Caribbean Islands. Treadwell (1901, 1931a + b, 1939a, 1939b) reported only three species and this included his treatment of the annelids collected during the Scientific Survey of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Other contributions include works by Augener (1906, 1927, 1933), Horst (1922), Kavanagh (1940) and Behre (1950). Hartman (1951) reported on a collection of littoral polychaetes from the Gulf of Mexico. The latter included what is probably the largest number of spionids dealt with in a single study up to that time. Twelve species were reported, most of which represented new records. Later, small papers were contributed by Carpenter (1956) from the northern Gulf, Friedrich (1956) from Central and South America and Wesenberg-Lund (1958) from the Lesser Antilles. Finally in 1962, Jones reported on a collection of polychaetes from Jamaica which included two spionid species.
Gulf of Mexico
Apoprionospio pygmaea (Hartman, 1961) (additional source)
Aquilaspio Foster, 1971 accepted as Prionospio Malmgren, 1867 (original description)
Aquilaspio peruana (Hartmann-Schröder, 1962) accepted as Prionospio peruana Hartmann-Schröder, 1962 (basis of record)
Aquilaspio sexoculata (Augener, 1918) accepted as Prionospio sexoculata Augener, 1918 (basis of record)
Laonice cirrata (M. Sars, 1851) (source of synonymy)
Minuspio Foster, 1971 accepted as Prionospio Malmgren, 1867 (original description)
Minuspio cirrifera (Wirén, 1883) accepted as Prionospio cirrifera Wirén, 1883 (source of synonymy)
Minuspio cirrobranchiata (Day, 1961) accepted as Aonidella cirrobranchiata (Day, 1961) (new combination reference)
Minuspio multibranchiata (Berkeley, 1927) accepted as Prionospio multibranchiata Berkeley, 1927 (new combination reference)
Minuspio polybranchiata (Fauvel, 1929) accepted as Prionospio polybranchiata Fauvel, 1929 (new combination reference)
Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers, 1901) (source of synonymy)
Prionospio cirrifera Wirén, 1883 (source of synonymy)
Prionospio cirrobranchiata Day, 1961 accepted as Aonidella cirrobranchiata (Day, 1961) (source of synonymy)
Prionospio cristata Foster, 1971 (original description)
Prionospio delta Hartman, 1965 (source of synonymy)
Prionospio dubia Day, 1961 (source of synonymy)
Prionospio heterobranchia Moore, 1907 (additional source)
Prionospio malmgreni Claparède, 1869 (status source)
Prionospio multibranchiata Berkeley, 1927 (new combination reference)
Prionospio ornata Berkeley & Berkeley, 1961 accepted as Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers, 1901) (source of synonymy)
Prionospio peruana Hartmann-Schröder, 1962 (source of synonymy)
Prionospio pinnata Ehlers, 1901 accepted as Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers, 1901) (source of synonymy)
Prionospio polybranchiata Fauvel, 1929 (source of synonymy)
Prionospio pygmaeus Hartman, 1961 accepted as Apoprionospio pygmaea (Hartman, 1961) (additional source)
Prionospio sexoculata Augener, 1918 (source of synonymy)
Prionospio steenstrupi Malmgren, 1867 (taxonomy source)
Pseudomalacoceros Czerniavsky, 1881 accepted as Scolelepis Blainville, 1828 (source of synonymy)
Spio pettiboneae Foster, 1971 (original description)
Foster (1971) used Microspio downgraded to a subgenus of Spio. However, mostly it is treated as a full genus in ... [details]
Authors, none of whom have treated Aonides as masculine, may have assumed 'Aonides' was derived from the ... [details]
Rhynchospio was treated as feminine by Hartman (1936), and explicitly stated as feminine by Radashevsky (2007). No ... [details]
Unresolved. Spiophanes has been treated as masculine by modern authors, notably by Meißner, the revisor of the ... [details]
Claparède, 1869, originally should have used 'mecznikowiana' for agreement with the feminine genus Spio, as the ... [details]
Original name is a misspelling. Claparède should have used 'mecznikowiana' for agreement with the feminine genus ... [details]
Listing of recombination only, with Prionospio krusadensis as junior synonym. Not a new record. Foster included ... [details]
Prionospio fallax Söderström, 1920 was considered to be a junior synonym of Prionospio malmgreni Claparède, 1869 ... [details]
Foster (1971: 17, 106) deployed four genera of the Prionospio group, adding Minuspio for species with cirriform ... [details]
Foster (1971:107) transferred Prionospio cirrobranchiata Day to her new genus Minuspio without comment. Maciolek ... [details]
Nerine cirratulus chilensis was included in the list of synonyms of Scolelepis (Scolelepis) squamata (Müller, ... [details]
Prionospio malmgreni Claparède, 1869, described from the Gulf of Naples (Mediterranean Sea), was considered to be ... [details]
Verrill described S. tenuis consecutively, after S. viridis, from the same place and habitat. He did not say why he ... [details]
The name combinations Foster (1971) included in a listing of Spio (Microspio) species have not been given separate ... [details]
Status uncertain. We have not ascertained whether the original taxon has been recorded since the original ... [details]
Known from one incomplete specimen [details]
Foster (1971:33) stated she designates Euspio mesnili as type species of Euspio. E. mesnili precedes E. gravieri in ... [details]
