WoRMS taxon details

Sipunculus Linnaeus, 1766

136031  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:136031)

accepted
Genus
Siphoncolus Scopoli, 1777 · unaccepted (spelling variation)
Siphonculus Vérany, 1846 · unaccepted (spelling variation)
Siphunculus Scopoli, 1777 · unaccepted (spelling variation)
Siponculus Linnaeus, 1766 · unaccepted (spelling variation)
Sipunculis Linnaeus, 1766 · unaccepted (spelling variation)
Syphunculus Scopoli, 1777 · unaccepted (spelling variation)
Syrinx Bohadsch, 1761 · unaccepted (synonym)

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  1. Species Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) indicus Peters, 1850
  2. Species Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) mundanus Selenka & Bülow, 1883
  3. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) angasoides Chen, 1963
  4. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) bastidai Gómez-Vásquez, 2024
  5. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) gulfus Hylleberg, 2014
  6. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) lomonossovi Murina, 1968
  7. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) longipapillosus Murina, 1968
  8. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) marcusi Ditadi, 1976
  9. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) norvegicus Danielssen, 1869
  10. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766
  11. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) phalloides Pallas, 1774
  12. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) polymyotus Fisher, 1947
  13. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) robustus Keferstein, 1865
  14. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) thailandicus Hylleberg, 2014
  15. Species Sipunculus (Aedematosomum) glans Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Antillesoma antillarum (Grube, 1858) (synonym)
  16. Species Sipunculus (Aedematosomum) immodestus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Antillesoma antillarum (Grube, 1858) (synonym)
  17. Species Sipunculus (Aedematosomum) rapa Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Themiste (Themiste) hennahi Gray, 1828 (synonym)
  18. Species Sipunculus (Contraporus) indicus Peters, 1850 accepted as Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) indicus Peters, 1850 (subsequent combination)
  19. Species Sipunculus (Contraporus) mundanus (Selenka & Bülow in Selenka, de Man & Bülow, 1883) accepted as Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) mundanus Selenka & Bülow, 1883 (subsequent combination)
  20. Species Sipunculus (Cryptosomum) coementarius Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (synonym)
  21. Species Sipunculus (Cryptosomum) dentalii Gray, 1828 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (subsequent combination)
  22. Species Sipunculus (Cryptosomum) strombi Montagu, 1804 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (subsequent combination)
  23. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosoma) concharum (Örsted, 1844) accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (subsequent combination)
  24. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosoma) scutatus Müller, 1844 accepted as Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri muelleri Diesing, 1851 (synonym)
  25. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosoma) verrucosus Cuvier, 1817 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (subsequent combination)
  26. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) borealis Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Nephasoma (Nephasoma) eremita (Sars, 1851) (synonym)
  27. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) elongatus (Keferstein, 1862) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) elongata (Keferstein, 1862) (subsequent combination)
  28. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) harveyi (Forbes, 1841) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (subsequent combination)
  29. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) johnstoni Forbes, 1841 accepted as Nephasoma (Nephasoma) minutum (Keferstein, 1862) (subsequent combination)
  30. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) obscurus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (synonym)
  31. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) oerstedii Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) margaritacea (Sars, 1851) (synonym)
  32. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) pellucidus (Keferstein, 1865) accepted as Nephasoma (Nephasoma) pellucidum pellucidum (Keferstein, 1865) (subsequent combination)
  33. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) punctatissimus (Gosse, 1853) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (subsequent combination)
  34. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) vermiculus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) perlucens Baird, 1868 (synonym)
  35. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) violaceus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka & Bülow, 1883) (synonym)
  36. Species Sipunculus (Phascolosomum) vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (subsequent combination)
  37. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) carneus (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828) accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) scolops (Selenka & de Man, 1883) (subsequent combination)
  38. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) cochlearius Valenciennes, 1854 accepted as Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri muelleri Diesing, 1851 (subsequent combination)
  39. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) cylindratus (Keferstein, 1865) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) elongata (Keferstein, 1862) (subsequent combination)
  40. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) guttatus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) scolops (Selenka & de Man, 1883) (synonym)
  41. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) javanensis Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) pacificum Keferstein, 1866 (synonym)
  42. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) longicollis (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (subsequent combination)
  43. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) multitorquatus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (synonym)
  44. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) nigrescens (Keferstein, 1865) accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) nigrescens (Keferstein, 1865) (subsequent combination)
  45. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) noduliferus (Stimpson, 1855) accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) noduliferum Stimpson, 1855 (subsequent combination)
  46. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) nodulosus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) noduliferum Stimpson, 1855 (synonym)
  47. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) orbiniensis Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Themiste (Themiste) alutacea (Grube, 1858) (synonym)
  48. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) papillosus Thompson, 1840 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (subsequent combination)
  49. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) plicatus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) nigrescens (Keferstein, 1865) (synonym)
  50. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) puntarenae (Grube, 1858) accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) nigrescens (Keferstein, 1865) (subsequent combination)
  51. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) spinicauda Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) stephensoni (Stephen, 1942) (synonym)
  52. Species Sipunculus (Phymosomum) varians (Keferstein, 1865) accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) nigrescens (Keferstein, 1865) (subsequent combination)
  53. Species Sipunculus (Sipunculus) gigas Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (synonym)
  54. Species Sipunculus aeneus Baird, 1868 accepted as Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) (synonym)
  55. Species Sipunculus aequabilis Sluiter, 1902 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) norvegicus Danielssen, 1869 (synonym)
  56. Species Sipunculus amamiensis Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley, 1898) (synonym)
  57. Species Sipunculus angasi Edmonds, 1955 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) robustus Keferstein, 1865 (synonym)
  58. Species Sipunculus angasii Baird, 1868 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) robustus Keferstein, 1865 (synonym)
  59. Species Sipunculus arcassonensis Cuénot, 1902 accepted as Siphonosoma arcassonense (Cuénot, 1902) (unaccepted > superseded combination, superseded original combination)
  60. Species Sipunculus australis (Keferstein, 1865) accepted as Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) (synonym)
  61. Species Sipunculus bernhardus Forbes, 1841 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (synonym)
  62. Species Sipunculus billitonensis Sluiter, 1886 accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (synonym)
  63. Species Sipunculus boholensis Selenka, De Man & Bülow, 1883 accepted as Siphonosoma boholense (Selenka, de Man & Bülow, 1883) (basionym)
  64. Species Sipunculus branchiatus Fischer, 1894 accepted as Xenosiphon branchiatus (Fischer, 1894) (synonym)
  65. Species Sipunculus capitatus Rathke, 1843 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (synonym)
  66. Species Sipunculus carneus (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828) accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) scolops (Selenka & de Man, 1883) (subsequent combination)
  67. Species Sipunculus clavatus de Blainville, 1827 accepted as Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri muelleri Diesing, 1851 (synonym)
  68. Species Sipunculus claviger Sluiter, 1902 accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (synonym)
  69. Species Sipunculus cochlearius Valenciennes, 1854 accepted as Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri muelleri Diesing, 1851 (synonym)
  70. Species Sipunculus cumanensis (Keferstein, 1867) accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (subsequent combination)
  71. Species Sipunculus deformis Baird, 1868 accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (synonym)
  72. Species Sipunculus delphinus Murina, 1967 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (synonym)
  73. Species Sipunculus dentalii Gray, 1828 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (spelling variation)
  74. Species Sipunculus discrepans Sluiter, 1898 accepted as Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) indicus Peters, 1850 (synonym)
  75. Species Sipunculus edulis (Pallas, 1774) accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (subsequent combination)
  76. Species Sipunculus elegans (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821) accepted as Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) elegans (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821) (subsequent combination)
  77. Species Sipunculus eremita Sars, 1851 accepted as Nephasoma (Nephasoma) eremita (Sars, 1851) (basionym)
  78. Species Sipunculus eximinoclathratus Baird, 1868 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (spelling variation)
  79. Species Sipunculus eximio-clathratus Baird, 1868 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (synonym)
  80. Species Sipunculus flavus Risso, 1826 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (synonym)
  81. Species Sipunculus funafuti Shipley, 1898 accepted as Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley, 1898) (basionym)
  82. Species Sipunculus galapagensis Fisher, 1947 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) phalloides phalloides (Pallas, 1774) (synonym)
  83. Species Sipunculus genuensis de Blainville, 1827 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (synonym)
  84. Species Sipunculus gigas Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (synonym)
  85. Species Sipunculus gouldii De Pourtalès, 1851 accepted as Phascolopsis gouldii (De Pourtalès, 1851) (basionym)
  86. Species Sipunculus gravieri Hérubel, 1904 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) robustus Keferstein, 1865 (synonym)
  87. Species Sipunculus harveii (Forbes, 1841) accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (synonym)
  88. Species Sipunculus heterocyathi McDonald, 1862 accepted as Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri muelleri Diesing, 1851 (synonym)
  89. Species Sipunculus inclusus Sluiter, 1902 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) phalloides inclusus Sluiter, 1902 (basionym)
  90. Species Sipunculus infrons Sluiter, 1902 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) norvegicus Danielssen, 1869 (synonym)
  91. Species Sipunculus javensis Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) pacificum Keferstein, 1866 (synonym)
  92. Species Sipunculus johnstoni Forbes, 1841 accepted as Nephasoma (Nephasoma) minutum (Keferstein, 1862) (synonym)
  93. Species Sipunculus laevis Cuvier, 1817 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (synonym)
  94. Species Sipunculus lendix accepted as Bolbosoma balaenae (Gmelin, 1790) Porta, 1908 (synonym)
  95. Species Sipunculus lutulentus Hutton, 1880 accepted as Themiste lutulenta (Hutton, 1880) (unaccepted > superseded combination, superseded original combination)
  96. Species Sipunculus maoricus Benham, 1904 accepted as Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) mundanus Selenka & Bülow, 1883 (synonym)
  97. Species Sipunculus margaritaceus Sars, 1851 accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) margaritacea (Sars, 1851) (unaccepted > superseded combination, superseded original combination)
  98. Species Sipunculus multisulcatus Fischer, 1912 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) phalloides phalloides (Pallas, 1774) (synonym)
  99. Species Sipunculus natans Fisher, 1954 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) polymyotus Fisher, 1947 (synonym)
  100. Species Sipunculus nitidus Sluiter, 1900 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) norvegicus Danielssen, 1869 (synonym)
  101. Species Sipunculus novaepommeraniae Fischer, 1926 accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (synonym)
  102. Species Sipunculus obscurus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (subsequent combination)
  103. Species Sipunculus obscurus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) elongata (Keferstein, 1862) (subsequent combination)
  104. Species Sipunculus papillosus Thompson, 1840 accepted as Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) granulatum Leuckart, 1828 (synonym)
  105. Species Sipunculus porrectus Selenka, 1888 accepted as Sipunculus (Austrosiphon) indicus Peters, 1850 (synonym)
  106. Species Sipunculus priapuloides Koren & Danielssen, 1876 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) norvegicus Danielssen, 1869 (junior synonym)
  107. Species Sipunculus punctatissimus Gosse, 1853 accepted as Golfingia (Golfingia) vulgaris vulgaris (de Blainville, 1827) (synonym)
  108. Species Sipunculus rapus Quatrefages, 1865 accepted as Themiste (Themiste) hennahi Gray, 1828 (subsequent combination)
  109. Species Sipunculus rotumanus Shipley, 1898 accepted as Siphonosoma rotumanum (Shipley, 1898) (basionym)
  110. Species Sipunculus strombi Montagu, 1804 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (spelling variation)
  111. Species Sipunculus strombus Montagu, 1804 accepted as Phascolion (Phascolion) strombus strombus (Montagu, 1804) (basionym)
  112. Species Sipunculus tesselatus Costa, 1853 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (synonym)
  113. Species Sipunculus tessellatus Costa, 1853 accepted as Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (synonym)
  114. Species Sipunculus tigrinus Risso, 1826 (unaccepted, synonym)
  115. Species Sipunculus titubans Selenka & Bülow in Selenka, de Man & Bülow, 1883 (unaccepted, synonym)
  116. Species Sipunculus tuberculatus de Blainville, 1827 (unaccepted, synonym)
  117. Species Sipunculus vastatus Selenka & Bülow in Selenka, de Man & Bülow, 1883 (unaccepted, spelling variation)
  118. Species Sipunculus vastus Selenka & Bülow in Selenka, de Man & Bülow, 1883 (unaccepted, basionym)
  119. Species Sipunculus vermiculus Quatrefages, 1865 (unaccepted, subsequent combination)
  120. Species Sipunculus verrucosus Cuvier, 1817 (unaccepted, synonym)
  121. Species Sipunculus violaceus Quatrefages, 1865 (unaccepted, subsequent combination)
  122. Species Sipunculus vulgaris de Blainville, 1827 (unaccepted, Basionym)
  123. Species Sipunculus angasoides Chen, 1963 (alternative representation)
  124. Species Sipunculus indicus Peters, 1850 (alternative representation)
  125. Species Sipunculus lomonossovi Murina, 1968 (alternative representation)
  126. Species Sipunculus longipapillosus Murina, 1968 (alternative representation)
  127. Species Sipunculus marcusi Ditadi, 1976 (alternative representation)
  128. Species Sipunculus mundanus Selenka & Bülow in Selenka, de Man & Bülow, 1883 (alternative representation)
  129. Species Sipunculus norvegicus Danielssen, 1869 (alternative representation)
  130. Species Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus, 1766 (alternative representation)
  131. Species Sipunculus phalloides (Pallas, 1774) (alternative representation)
  132. Species Sipunculus polymyotus Fisher, 1947 (alternative representation)
  133. Species Sipunculus robustus Keferstein, 1865 (alternative representation)
  134. Species Sipunculus pyriformis Danielssen, 1860 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, indeterminable from description?)
marine, fresh, terrestrial
Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. 12. 1., Regnum Animale. 1 & 2. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature: according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places. Ed. 12. 1., Animal Kingdom. 1 & 2]. <em>Holmiae [Stockholm], Laurentii Salvii.</em> pp. 1-532 [1766] pp. 533-1327 [1767]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83650#5 [details] OpenAccess publication
Read, G.; Saiz-Salinas, J. (2025). World Sipuncula Database. Sipunculus Linnaeus, 1766. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=136031 on 2025-05-20
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
2008-08-18 22:20:08Z
changed
2009-08-07 05:54:56Z
checked
2022-11-20 04:38:26Z
changed

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Nomenclature

original description Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. 12. 1., Regnum Animale. 1 & 2. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature: according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places. Ed. 12. 1., Animal Kingdom. 1 & 2]. <em>Holmiae [Stockholm], Laurentii Salvii.</em> pp. 1-532 [1766] pp. 533-1327 [1767]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83650#5 [details] OpenAccess publication

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Cutler, Edward B.; Cutler, Norma J. (1985). A revision of the genera Sipunculus and Xenosiphon (Sipuncula). <em>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 85: 219-246., available online at https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-abstract/85/3/219/2648666
page(s): 232; note: Cutler uses Sipunculus Sipunculus which he tags as subgenus nov. However, a nominal subgenus always exists for all genera (principle of coordination), and does not need to be created. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

Other

additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source van der Land, J. (2001). Sipuncula, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 178-179 (look up in IMIS)
note: checklist listing [details] 

additional source Schulze, A.; Boyle, M. J.; Kawauchi, G. Y.; Kerbl, A.; Worsaae, K. (2019). Sipuncula. Lobatocerebridae. <em>[Book chapter].</em> Chapter 6, p177-216 In: Handbook of Zoology [Annelida. Basal groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria 1], edited by G. Purschke, M. Böggemann and W. Westheide. De Gruyter., available online at https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110291582-006 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

 
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