Deep-Sea source details
Hiley, A. S.; Mongiardino Koch, N.; Rouse, G. W. (2024). Phylogenetics of Lepidonotopodini (Macellicephalinae, Polynoidae, Annelida) and Comparative Mitogenomics of Shallow-Water vs. Deep-Sea Scaleworms (Aphroditiformia). Biology. 13(12): 979.
499847
10.3390/biology13120979 [view]
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D4CBA51D-988E-4938-A1FE-B9096C8A72D7 [view]
Hiley, A. S.; Mongiardino Koch, N.; Rouse, G. W.
2024
Phylogenetics of Lepidonotopodini (Macellicephalinae, Polynoidae, Annelida) and Comparative Mitogenomics of Shallow-Water vs. Deep-Sea Scaleworms (Aphroditiformia)
Biology
13(12): 979
Publication
Available for editors 
Within Polynoidae, a diverse aphroditiform family, the subfamily Macellicephalinae comprises anchialine cave-dwelling and deep-sea scaleworms. In this study, Lepidonotopodinae is synonymized with Macellicephalinae, and the tribe Lepidonotopodini is applied to a well-supported clade inhabiting deep-sea chemosynthetic-based ecosystems. Newly sequenced “genome skimming” data for 30 deep-sea polynoids and the comparatively shallow living Eulagisca gigantea is used to bioinformatically assemble their mitogenomes. When analyzed with existing scaleworm mitogenomes, deep-sea scaleworms exhibit increased gene order rearrangement events compared to shallow-water relatives. Additionally, comparative analyses of shallow-water vs. deep-sea polynoid substitution rates in mitochondrial protein-coding genes show an overall relaxed purifying selection and a positive selection of several amino acid sites in deep-sea species, indicating that polynoid mitogenomes have undergone selective pressure to evolve metabolic adaptations suited to deep-sea environments. Furthermore, the inclusion of skimming data for already known Lepidonotopodini species allowed for an increased coverage of DNA data and a representation of the taxa necessary to create a more robust phylogeny using 18 genes, as opposed to the six genes previously used. The phylogenetic results support the erection of Cladopolynoe gen. nov., Mamiwata gen. nov., Photinopolynoe gen. nov., Stratigos gen. nov., and Themis gen. nov., and emended diagnoses for Branchinotogluma, Branchipolynoe, Lepidonotopodium, and Levensteiniella.
Branchinotogluma Pettibone, 1985 (taxonomy source)
Branchinotogluma bipapillata Zhou, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2018 accepted as Stratigos bipapillata (Zhou, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2018) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma burkensis Pettibone, 1989 accepted as Photinopolynoe burkensis (Pettibone, 1989) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma jiaolongae Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Cladopolynoe jiaolongae (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma kaireiensis Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Photinopolynoe kaireiensis (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma nanhaiensis Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023 accepted as Branchipolynoe nanhaiensis (Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma nikkoensis Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022 accepted as Branchipolynoe nikkoensis (Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma ovata Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019 accepted as Photinopolynoe ovata (Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma pettiboneae Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019 accepted as Photinopolynoe pettiboneae (Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma robusta Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023 accepted as Photinopolynoe robusta (Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma sagamiensis Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022 accepted as Photinopolynoe sagamiensis (Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma sandersi Pettibone, 1985 accepted as Cladopolynoe sandersi (Pettibone, 1985) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma trifurcus (Miura & Desbruyères, 1995) accepted as Branchipolynoe trifurcus (Miura & Desbruyères, 1995) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma tunnicliffeae (Pettibone, 1988) accepted as Cladopolynoe tunnicliffeae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Branchipolynoe Pettibone, 1984 (taxonomy source)
Cladopolynoe Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Cladopolynoe tunnicliffeae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodini Pettibone, 1983 (status source)
Lepidonotopodium Pettibone, 1983 (taxonomy source)
Lepidonotopodium atalantae Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000 accepted as Themis atalantae (Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium jouinae Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000 accepted as Mamiwata jouinae (Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium minutum Pettibone, 1989 accepted as Levensteiniella minutum (Pettibone, 1989) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium okinawae Sui & Li, 2017 accepted as Levensteiniella okinawae (Sui & Li, 2017) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium piscesae Pettibone, 1988 accepted as Mamiwata piscesae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium riftense Pettibone, 1984 accepted as Levensteiniella riftense (Pettibone, 1984) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium williamsae Pettibone, 1984 accepted as Mamiwata williamsae (Pettibone, 1984) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella Pettibone, 1985 (taxonomy source)
Levensteiniella intermedia Pettibone, 1990 accepted as Themis intermedia (Pettibone, 1990) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella iris Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2003 accepted as Themis iris (Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2003) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella longqiensis Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Themis longqiensis (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella pettiboneae Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Themis pettiboneae (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella plicata Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2000 accepted as Lepidonotopodium plicata (Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2000) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella raisae Pettibone, 1989 accepted as Themis raisae (Pettibone, 1989) (new combination reference)
Mamiwata Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Mamiwata piscesae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Mamiwata williamsae (Pettibone, 1984) (new combination reference)
Photinopolynoe Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Stratigos Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Themis Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Branchinotogluma bipapillata Zhou, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2018 accepted as Stratigos bipapillata (Zhou, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2018) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma burkensis Pettibone, 1989 accepted as Photinopolynoe burkensis (Pettibone, 1989) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma jiaolongae Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Cladopolynoe jiaolongae (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma kaireiensis Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Photinopolynoe kaireiensis (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma nanhaiensis Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023 accepted as Branchipolynoe nanhaiensis (Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma nikkoensis Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022 accepted as Branchipolynoe nikkoensis (Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma ovata Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019 accepted as Photinopolynoe ovata (Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma pettiboneae Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019 accepted as Photinopolynoe pettiboneae (Wu, Zhan & Xu, 2019) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma robusta Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023 accepted as Photinopolynoe robusta (Wu, Zhen, Kou & Xu, 2023) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma sagamiensis Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022 accepted as Photinopolynoe sagamiensis (Jimi, Chen & Fujiwara, 2022) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma sandersi Pettibone, 1985 accepted as Cladopolynoe sandersi (Pettibone, 1985) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma trifurcus (Miura & Desbruyères, 1995) accepted as Branchipolynoe trifurcus (Miura & Desbruyères, 1995) (new combination reference)
Branchinotogluma tunnicliffeae (Pettibone, 1988) accepted as Cladopolynoe tunnicliffeae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Branchipolynoe Pettibone, 1984 (taxonomy source)
Cladopolynoe Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Cladopolynoe tunnicliffeae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodini Pettibone, 1983 (status source)
Lepidonotopodium Pettibone, 1983 (taxonomy source)
Lepidonotopodium atalantae Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000 accepted as Themis atalantae (Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium jouinae Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000 accepted as Mamiwata jouinae (Desbruyères & Hourdez, 2000) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium minutum Pettibone, 1989 accepted as Levensteiniella minutum (Pettibone, 1989) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium okinawae Sui & Li, 2017 accepted as Levensteiniella okinawae (Sui & Li, 2017) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium piscesae Pettibone, 1988 accepted as Mamiwata piscesae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium riftense Pettibone, 1984 accepted as Levensteiniella riftense (Pettibone, 1984) (new combination reference)
Lepidonotopodium williamsae Pettibone, 1984 accepted as Mamiwata williamsae (Pettibone, 1984) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella Pettibone, 1985 (taxonomy source)
Levensteiniella intermedia Pettibone, 1990 accepted as Themis intermedia (Pettibone, 1990) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella iris Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2003 accepted as Themis iris (Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2003) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella longqiensis Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Themis longqiensis (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella pettiboneae Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023 accepted as Themis pettiboneae (Han, Zhou, Chen & Wang, 2023) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella plicata Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2000 accepted as Lepidonotopodium plicata (Hourdez & Desbruyères, 2000) (new combination reference)
Levensteiniella raisae Pettibone, 1989 accepted as Themis raisae (Pettibone, 1989) (new combination reference)
Mamiwata Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Mamiwata piscesae (Pettibone, 1988) (new combination reference)
Mamiwata williamsae (Pettibone, 1984) (new combination reference)
Photinopolynoe Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Stratigos Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Themis Hiley & Rouse in Hiley, Koch & Rouse, 2024 (original description)
Etymology
the genus is named after the Greek word κλάδoς (klados), ~ branch, alluding to the branching branchiae [details]
Etymology
the genus is named after the mermaid-like African water spirit Mami Wata [details]
Etymology
the genus is named after the Greek word ϕωτεινóς (phóteinos), meaning bright or luminous [details]
Etymology
the genus is named after the Stratigos family, friends of the first author [details]
Etymology
ithe genus is named after Themis Michailides, father of the first author [details]
Nomenclature
created automatically under Article 36. (Principle of Coordination) subsequent to the establishment of ... [details]
Taxonomic remark
Macellicephalinae incertae sedis (Hiley et al., 2024: 35) [details]
