Echinoidea taxon details
Echinocyamus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776) AphiaID: 124273
| Status | | accepted |
Record
status | | Checked by Taxonomic Editor |
| Rank | | Species |
| Parent | | Echinocyamus van Phelsum, 1774 |
Synonymised
taxa | |
Clypeaster pulvinulus (Pennant, 1812) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus angulosus Lütken, 1856 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus minimus Girard, 1850 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus minutus (Gmelin, 1788) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus parthenopaeus Costa, 1869 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus speciosus Costa, 1869 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus tarentinus (Lamarck, 1816) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus minutus Gmelin, 1788 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus pulvinulus Pennant, 1812 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776) (transferred to Echinocyamus)
Fibularia equina Aradas, 1850 (subjective junior synonym)
Fibularia pusilla (O.F. Müller, 1776) (transferred to Echinocyamus)
Fibularia tarentina Lamarck, 1816 (subjective junior synonym)
Spatagus pusillus O.F. Müller, 1776 (transferred to Echinocyamus)
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| Sources | |
basis of record: Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 336-351 (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record: Mortensen, T. 1948. A Monograph of the Echinoidea. IV, 2. Clypeasteroida. Clypeasteridæ, Arachnoidæ, Fibulariidæ, Laganidæ and Scutellidæ, pp. 471. C. A. Reitzel; Copenhagen.
page(s): 178-183 [details]
additional source: Southward, E.C.; Campbell, A.C. (2006). [Echinoderms: keys and notes for the identification of British species]. Synopses of the British fauna (new series), 56. Field Studies Council: Shrewsbury, UK. ISBN 1-85153-269-2. 272 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source: Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source: Dyntaxa (2013) Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013]., available online at http://www.dyntaxa.se [details]
additional source: North East Atlantic Taxa (look up in IMIS) [details]
context source: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
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Vernacular
Names | | |
| Environment | | marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial |
| Fossil range | | recent + fossil |
| Distribution | | Adriatic Sea [details]
Aegean Sea [details]
Azores [details]
Azores Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Baltic sea [details]
Belgian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Belt Sea [details]
Bohuslän [details]
British Isles [details]
Calais [details]
Cape Bojador [details]
Central Mediterranean [details]
De Panne [details]
Dutch Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
European waters (ERMS scope) [details]
French Exclusive Economic Zone [Atlantic part] [details]
French Exclusive Economic Zone [Mediterranean part] [details]
Greek Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Iceland [details]
Icelandic Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Irish Exclusive economic Zone [details]
Kattegat [details]
Koksijde [details]
Levantine Basin [details]
Mediterranean Sea [details]
North East Atlantic [details]
Norway [details]
Norwegian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Oostduinkerke [details]
Öresund [details]
South Coast of Africa [details]
United Kingdom [details]
United Kingdom Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
West Africa [details]
Western Mediterranean [details]
Wimereux [details]
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| Feedingtypes | |
carnivore [details]
deposit feeder [details]
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| Links | | Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland
Marine Life Information Network - UK
To Barcode of Life (1 barcode)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (255 publications)
To Dyntaxa
To Encyclopedia of Life
To GenBank (3 nucleotides; 0 proteins)
To Marine Species Identification Portal
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Echinodermata Collection
To ITIS
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| Attribute | | Functional group: benthos » Stage: adult (inherited from Echinodermata) [details]
Functional group: plankton » Stage: larva (inherited from Echinodermata) [details] |
| Notes | |
Biology: E. pusillus has separate sexes and fertilization takes place externally. The breeding season is in the summer months. The larvae are pelagic. They are characterized by a body skeleton forming a basket-like structure (Mortensen, 1927; Fish & Fish, 1989).
E. pusillus is a deposit-feeding clypeasteroid. lts gut content includes sediment, remains of plants and bottom material (detritus), and infauna, especially foraminiferans. E. pusillus is eaten by fish, especially by dab and haddock (Mortensen, 1927; De Ridder & Lawrence, 1982; Fish & Fish, 1989). [details]
Breeding: Echinopluteus larva. Summer - autumn [details]
Description: Echinocyamus pusillus is a small sea urchin with an oval, flattened body measuring up to 15 mm long. The calcite skeleton is completely covered with fine short spines and coloured grey to greenish. Specimens become completely green when injured, a characteristic the species shares with some other sea urchin species. [details]
Distribution: Echinocyamus pusillus occurred outside the near-coastal zone in both periods. In the 1994-2001 period the species was furthermore observed a number of times in the western coastal zone. Maximum density is 400 ind./m2 (1994-2001 period). [details]
Distribution: It is dominant at the Cleaver Bank and in the south-western part of the Southern Bight. The species is absent from the Wadden Sea, the Delta area, the Voordelta, the Dutch coast and the Oyster Ground. [details]
Distribution: Sublittoral to more than 200 m depth, in coarse sand and fine gravel, common all around British Isles [details]
Habitat: In the Dutch sector of the North Sea E. pusillus mainly occurs in the areas between 20 to 30 m of depth, in coarse to medium sand bottoms. [details]
Habitat: Known from seamounts and knolls [details]
Habitat: Echinocyamus pusillus has a preference for medium to coarse-grained sand (median grain size: > 200 μm) and reaches an optimum in sediments with a median grain size of 500-550 μm (relative occurrence: 30%). The species furthermore prefers sediments with a low mud content (maximum 10%). [details]
Morphology: E. pusillus has an oval, much flattened test of up to 15 mm in length. The test is covered with fine short spines and is greyish or greenish in colour. On preservation or when hurt it turns green, a character distinctive of all clypeasteroids (Mortensen, 1927; Southward, 1972; Fish & Fish, 1989; Hayward & Ryland, 1990). [details]
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| Images | | 
Picture of Echinocyamus pusillus
added on 2003-02-21 - author: van der Hoek, J.
qualitystatus: checked by Kroh, Andreas on 2010-09-25 23:25:39 |
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Picture of Echinocyamus pusillus
added on 2004-06-17 - author: Hillewaert, H.
qualitystatus: checked by Kroh, Andreas on 2010-09-25 23:25:14 |
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Echinocyamus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776)
added on 2006-09-12 - author: Nuyttens, Filip
qualitystatus: checked by Kroh, Andreas on 2010-09-25 23:26:11 |
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Echinocyamus pusillus
added on 2013-06-11 - author: wj Chen ( )
qualitystatus: not checked |
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| LSID | | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:124273 |
Taxonomic
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| | | Citation: Kroh, A.; Hansson, H. (2013). Echinocyamus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776). In: Kroh, A. & Mooi, R. (2013) World Echinoidea Database. Accessed through: Kroh, A. & Mooi, R. (2013) World Echinoidea Database at http://www.marinespecies.org/echinoidea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124273 on 2013-06-20 |
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