Echinoidea taxon details
 Echinocyamus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776) AphiaID: 124273
| Status | | accepted |
| Rank | | Species |
| Parent | | Echinocyamus van Phelsum, 1774 |
| Orig. name | | Spatagus pusillus O.F. Müller, 1776 |
Synonymised
names | |
Clypeaster pulvinulus (Pennant, 1812) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus angulosus Lütken, 1856 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus minimus Girard, 1850 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus minutus (Gmelin, 1791) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus parthenopaeus Costa, 1868 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus speciosus Costa, 1868 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinocyamus tarentinus (Lamarck, 1816) (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus minutus Gmelin, 1791 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus pulvinulus Pennant, 1812 (subjective junior synonym)
Echinus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776) (transferred to Echinocyamus)
Fibularia equina Aradas, 1850 (subjective junior synonym)
Fibularia pusilla (O.F. Müller, 1776) (transferred to Echinocyamus)
Fibularia tarentina Lamarck, 1816 (subjective junior synonym)
Spatagus pusillus O.F. Müller, 1776 (transferred to Echinocyamus)
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| Sources | |
original description Müller, O. F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. Hafniae, Typiis Hallageriis. xxii + 274 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550 [details] [full text]
basis of record Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,. 50: pp. 336-351. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Mortensen, T. (1948d). A Monograph of the Echinoidea. IV, 2. Clypeasteroida. Clypeasteridæ, Arachnoidæ, Fibulariidæ, Laganidæ and Scutellidæ, 471 pp., C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen.
page(s): 178-183 [details]
additional source Southward, E.C.; Campbell, A.C. (2006). [Echinoderms: keys and notes for the identification of British species]. Synopses of the British fauna (new series), 56. Field Studies Council: Shrewsbury, UK. ISBN 1-85153-269-2. 272 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]
additional source Hansson, H. (2004). North East Atlantic Taxa (NEAT): Nematoda. Internet pdf Ed. Aug 1998., available online at http://www.tmbl.gu.se/libdb/taxon/taxa.html [details]
additional source Dyntaxa. (2013). Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013]., available online at http://www.dyntaxa.se [details]
original description (of Fibularia equina Aradas, 1850) Aradas, A. (1850-1955). Monografia degli Echinidi viventi e fossili di Sicilia. Parte 1a: Famiglia Spatanghi. Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania. Serie 2 6-10, 6 (1850): 53-96, 189-216., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33528#page/71/mode/1up
page(s): 203-205 [details]
original description (of Fibularia tarentina Lamarck, 1816) Lamarck, J. B. M. de. (1816). Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres. Tome troisième. Paris: Deterville/Verdière. 612 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47702
page(s): 17 [details]
original description (of Echinus minutus Gmelin, 1791) Gmelin, J. F. (1791). Vermes. In: Gmelin J.F. (Ed.) Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Editio Decima Tertia, Aucta Reformata. Tome 1, Pars 6 (Vermes). G.E. Beer, Lipsiae [Leipzig]. pp. 3021-3910., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83098#5
page(s): 3194 [details]
original description (of Echinocyamus minimus Girard, 1850) Girard, C. 1850. Observations upon Planarian Worms, with descriptions of several new species of Echinoderms. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 3, 363-368; Erratum on p. 396., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35741#page/371/mode/1up
page(s): 367-368 [details]
original description (of Echinus pulvinulus Pennant, 1812) Pennant, T., (1812) British Zoology. A new edition in four volumes. IV. Class V. Crustacea. Class VI. Vermes Wilkie & Robinson. London. xvi+379 pp. 95 pls.
page(s): 140-141; pl. 38: figs 1-3 [details]
original description (of Echinocyamus angulosus Lütken, 1856) Leske, N. G. 1778. Jacobi Theodori Klein naturalis dispositio echinodermatum . . ., edita et descriptionibus novisque inventis et synonomis auctorem aucta. Addimenta ad I. T. Klein naturalem dispositionem Echinodermatum. G. E. Beer, Leipzig, xxii+278 pp.
page(s): 215-216 [details] [full text]
original description (of Echinocyamus parthenopaeus Costa, 1868) Costa, O. G. (1867). Monografia degli Echinociami viventi e fossili delle
province Napolitane. Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche. 3/14, 1-9., available online at http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015035459745;view=1up;seq=376
page(s): 4; pl. 1: fig. 1 [details]
context source (Deepsea) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
[show all]
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Vernacular
Names | | | Language | Name | | |
Dutch |
 zeeboontje |
[details] |
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English |
green urchingreen sea urchinbroad beau of sea |
[details] |
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French |
fève de mer |
[details] |
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German |
ZwergseeigelSchildigel |
[details] |
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Norwegian Bokmål |
dvergsjømus |
[details] |
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Norwegian Nynorsk |
dvergsjømus |
[details] |
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Portuguese |
papo-seco |
[details] |
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Swedish |
dvärgsjöborre |
[details] |
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| Environment | | marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial |
| Fossil range | | recent + fossil |
| Distribution | | From editor or global species database
Adriatic Sea
Adriatic Sea [details]
Aegean Sea
Aegean Sea [details]
Central Mediterranean
Central Mediterranean [details]
Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin
Levantine Basin [details]
Sweden
Swedish Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
(no group)
Western Mediterranean [details]
From other sources
Baelt Sea
Belt Sea [details]
Baltic Sea
Baltic sea [details]
Belgium
De Panne [details]
Koksijde [details]
Oostduinkerke [details]
France
Calais [details]
French Exclusive Economic Zone [Atlantic part] [details]
Wimereux [details]
Iceland
Iceland [details]
Icelandic Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Ireland
Irish Exclusive economic Zone [details]
Kattegat
Kattegat [details]
Öresund [details]
Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Sea [details]
Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin
Greek Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Mediterranean Sea - Western Basin
French Exclusive Economic Zone [Mediterranean part] [details]
Morocco
Cape Bojador [details]
North Atlantic Ocean
Azores [details]
Azores Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
European waters (ERMS scope) [details]
North East Atlantic [details]
North Sea
Belgian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Dutch Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Norway
Norway [details]
Norwegian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
South Africa
South Coast of Africa [details]
Sweden
Bohuslän [details]
United Kingdom
British Isles [details]
United Kingdom [details]
(no group)
West Africa [details]
 Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien
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| Feedingtypes | |
carnivore [details]
deposit feeder [details]
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| Links | | Encyclopedia of Marine Life of Britain and Ireland
Marine Life Information Network - UK
To Barcode of Life (1 barcode)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (281 publications)
To Dyntaxa
To Encyclopedia of Life
To GenBank (3 nucleotides; 0 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To Marine Species Identification Portal
To PESI
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Echinodermata Collection
To ITIS
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| Attributes | | Functional group benthos » Stage adult (inherited from Echinodermata) [details]
Functional group plankton > zooplankton » Stage larva (inherited from Echinodermata) [details]
Body size 12 » Unit mm » Type maximum » Dimension length [details]
Body size 6 » Unit mm » Dimension length [details]
Body size 11 » Unit mm » Dimension length [details]
Body size 15 » Unit mm » Type maximum » Dimension length [details]
Body size 1.5 » Unit cm » Type maximum » Locality (MRGID) Europe [details]
Body size 5 » Unit cm » Type maximum » Locality (MRGID) Europe [details] |
| Notes | | From editor or global species database
Distribution Sublittoral to more than 200 m depth, in coarse sand and fine gravel, common all around British Isles [details]
From other sources
Biology E. pusillus has separate sexes and fertilization takes place externally. The breeding season is in the summer months. The larvae are pelagic. They are characterized by a body skeleton forming a basket-like structure (Mortensen, 1927; Fish & Fish, 1989).
E. pusillus is a deposit-feeding clypeasteroid. lts gut content includes sediment, remains of plants and bottom material (detritus), and infauna, especially foraminiferans. E. pusillus is eaten by fish, especially by dab and haddock (Mortensen, 1927; De Ridder & Lawrence, 1982; Fish & Fish, 1989). [details]
Breeding Echinopluteus larva. Summer - autumn [details]
Description Echinocyamus pusillus is a small sea urchin with an oval, flattened body measuring up to 15 mm long. The calcite skeleton is completely covered with fine short spines and coloured grey to greenish. Specimens become completely green when injured, a characteristic the species shares with some other sea urchin species. [details]
Distribution It is dominant at the Cleaver Bank and in the south-western part of the Southern Bight. The species is absent from the Wadden Sea, the Delta area, the Voordelta, the Dutch coast and the Oyster Ground. [details]
Distribution Echinocyamus pusillus occurred outside the near-coastal zone in both periods. In the 1994-2001 period the species was furthermore observed a number of times in the western coastal zone. Maximum density is 400 ind./m2 (1994-2001 period). [details]
Habitat In the Dutch sector of the North Sea E. pusillus mainly occurs in the areas between 20 to 30 m of depth, in coarse to medium sand bottoms. [details]
Habitat Echinocyamus pusillus has a preference for medium to coarse-grained sand (median grain size: > 200 μm) and reaches an optimum in sediments with a median grain size of 500-550 μm (relative occurrence: 30%). The species furthermore prefers sediments with a low mud content (maximum 10%). [details]
Habitat Known from seamounts and knolls [details]
Morphology E. pusillus has an oval, much flattened test of up to 15 mm in length. The test is covered with fine short spines and is greyish or greenish in colour. On preservation or when hurt it turns green, a character distinctive of all clypeasteroids (Mortensen, 1927; Southward, 1972; Fish & Fish, 1989; Hayward & Ryland, 1990). [details]
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| LSID | | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:124273 |
Taxonomic
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| | | Citation: Kroh, A.; Hansson, H. (2010). Echinocyamus pusillus (O.F. Müller, 1776). In: Kroh, A. & Mooi, R. (2016). World Echinoidea Database. Accessed at http://www.marinespecies.org/Echinoidea/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124273 on 2016-09-25 |
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