1. Species Prochilodus argenteus Spix & Agassiz, 1829
2. Species Prochilodus brevis Steindachner, 1875
3. Species Prochilodus britskii Castro, 1993
4. Species Prochilodus costatus Valenciennes, 1850
5. Species Prochilodus harttii Steindachner, 1875
6. Species Prochilodus lacustris Steindachner, 1907
7. Species Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837)
8. Species Prochilodus magdalenae Steindachner, 1879
9. Species Prochilodus mariae Eigenmann, 1922
10. Species Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829
11. Species Prochilodus reticulatus Valenciennes, 1850
12. Species Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus Jardine, 1841
13. Species Prochilodus vimboides Kner, 1859
14. Species Prochilodus affinis Lütken, 1875 accepted as Prochilodus costatus Valenciennes, 1850
15. Species Prochilodus amazonensis Fowler, 1906 accepted as Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine, 1841) (synonym)
16. Species Prochilodus asper Lütken, 1875 accepted as Prochilodus reticulatus Valenciennes, 1850
17. Species Prochilodus beani Eigenmann, 1907 accepted as Prochilodus magdalenae Steindachner, 1879 (synonym)
18. Species Prochilodus beni Pearson, 1924 accepted as Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 (synonym)
19. Species Prochilodus brama Valenciennes, 1850 accepted as Semaprochilodus brama (Valenciennes, 1850) (synonym)
20. Species Prochilodus caudifasciatus Starks, 1906 accepted as Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 (synonym)
21. Species Prochilodus cearaensis Steindachner, 1911 accepted as Prochilodus brevis Steindachner, 1875
22. Species Prochilodus cearensis Steindachner, 1911 accepted as Prochilodus brevis Steindachner, 1875 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
23. Species Prochilodus cephalotes Cope, 1878 accepted as Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 (synonym)
24. Species Prochilodus corimbata (Natterer, 1859) accepted as Prochilodus vimboides Kner, 1859
25. Species Prochilodus eigenmanni Ahl, 1937 accepted as Prochilodus magdalenae Steindachner, 1879 (synonym)
26. Species Prochilodus hartii Steindachner, 1875 accepted as Prochilodus harttii Steindachner, 1875 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
27. Species Prochilodus humboldti Valenciennes, 1850 accepted as Hemiodus amazonum (Humboldt, 1821)
28. Species Prochilodus humeralis Günther, 1860 accepted as Ichthyoelephas humeralis (Günther, 1860)
29. Species Prochilodus insignis Jardine, 1841 accepted as Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine, 1841) (synonym)
30. Species Prochilodus kneri Pellegrin, 1909 accepted as Semaprochilodus kneri (Pellegrin, 1909)
31. Species Prochilodus labeo Loubens, Lauzanne & Géry, 1991 accepted as Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829
32. Species Prochilodus laticeps Steindachner, 1879 accepted as Semaprochilodus laticeps (Steindachner, 1879)
33. Species Prochilodus longirostris Steindachner, 1879 accepted as Ichthyoelephas longirostris (Steindachner, 1879) (synonym)
34. Species Prochilodus marggravii (Walbaum, 1792) accepted as Prochilodus argenteus Spix & Agassiz, 1829
35. Species Prochilodus maripicru Eigenmann, 1912 accepted as Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus Jardine, 1841
36. Species Prochilodus oligolepis Günther, 1864 accepted as Prochilodus vimboides Kner, 1859 (synonym)
37. Species Prochilodus ortonianus Cope, 1878 accepted as Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 (synonym)
38. Species Prochilodus platensis Holmberg, 1891 accepted as Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (synonym)
39. Species Prochilodus pterostigma Fowler, 1913 accepted as Steindachnerina bimaculata (Steindachner, 1876) (synonym)
40. Species Prochilodus scrofa Steindachner, 1881 accepted as Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (synonym)
41. Species Prochilodus scrofu Steindachner, 1881 accepted as Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
42. Species Prochilodus steindachneri Eigenmann, 1922 accepted as Prochilodus magdalenae Steindachner, 1879 (ambiguous synonym)
43. Species Prochilodus steindachneri Fowler, 1906 accepted as Prochilodus vimboides Kner, 1859 (junior synonym)
44. Species Prochilodus stigmaturus Fowler, 1911 accepted as Steindachnerina dobula (Günther, 1868) (synonym)
45. Species Prochilodus taeniurus (Valenciennes, 1821) accepted as Semaprochilodus taeniurus (Valenciennes, 1821)
46. Species Prochilodus theraponura Fowler, 1906 accepted as Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine, 1841)
47. Species Prochilodus tigris (Fowler, 1913) accepted as Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829

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