WoRMS source details

Zenetos, A., Gofas, S., Morri, C., Rosso, A, Violanti, D., Garcia Raso, J. E., Cinar, M. E., Almogi-Labin, A., Ates, A. S., Azzurro, E., Ballesteros, E., Bianchi, C. N., Bilecenoglu, M., Gambi, M. C., Giangrande, A., Gravili, C., Hyams-Kaphzan, O., Karachle, P. K., Katsanevakis, S., Lipej, L., Mastrototaro, F., Mineur, F., Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M. A., Ramos Espla, A., Salas, C., San Martin, G., Sfriso, A., Streftaris, N., and Verlaque, M. (2012). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2012. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part 2. Introduction trends and pathways. Mediterranean Marine Science. 13(2): 328-352.
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Zenetos, A., Gofas, S., Morri, C., Rosso, A, Violanti, D., Garcia Raso, J. E., Cinar, M. E., Almogi-Labin, A., Ates, A. S., Azzurro, E., Ballesteros, E., Bianchi, C. N., Bilecenoglu, M., Gambi, M. C., Giangrande, A., Gravili, C., Hyams-Kaphzan, O., Karachle, P. K., Katsanevakis, S., Lipej, L., Mastrototaro, F., Mineur, F., Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M. A., Ramos Espla, A., Salas, C., San Martin, G., Sfriso, A., Streftaris, N., and Verlaque, M.
2012
Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2012. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part 2. Introduction trends and pathways
Mediterranean Marine Science
13(2): 328-352
Publication
Available for editors  PDF available [request]
More than 60 marine non-indigenous species (NIS) have been removed from previous lists and 84 species have been added, bringing the total to 986 alien species in the Mediterranean [775 in the eastern Mediterranean (EMED), 249 in the central Mediter-ranean (CMED), 190 in the Adriatic Sea (ADRIA) and 308 in the western Mediterranean (WMED)]. There were 48 new entries since 2011 which can be interpreted as approximately one new entry every two weeks. The number of alien species continues to increase, by 2-3 species per year for macrophytes, molluscs and polychaetes, 3-4 species per year for crustaceans, and 6 species per year for fish. The dominant group among alien species is molluscs (with 215 species), followed by crustaceans (159) and poly-chaetes (132). Macrophytes are the leading group of NIS in the ADRIA and the WMED, reaching 26-30% of all aliens, whereas in the EMED they barely constitute 10% of the introductions. In the EMED, molluscs are the most species-rich group, followed by crustaceans, fish and polychaetes. More than half (54%) of the marine alien species in the Mediterranean were probably introduced by corridors (mainly Suez). Shipping is blamed directly for the introduction of only 12 species, whereas it is assumed to be the most likely pathway of introduction (via ballasts or fouling) of another 300 species. For approximately 100 species shipping is a probable pathway along with the Suez Canal and/or aquaculture. Approximately 20 species have been introduced with certainty via aquaculture, while >50 species (mostly macroalgae), occurring in the vicinity of oyster farms, are assumed to be introduced accidentally as contaminants of imported species. A total of 18 species are assumed to have been introduced by the aquarium trade. Lessepsian species decline westwards, while the reverse pattern is evident for ship-mediated species and for those introduced with aquaculture. There is an increasing trend in new introductions via the Suez Canal and via shipping.
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2015-02-03 02:27:18Z
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Aequorea globosa Eschscholtz, 1829 (additional source)
Arhynchite arhynchite (Ikeda, 1924) (additional source)
Artemia franciscana Kellog, 1906 (additional source)
Articulina mayori Cushman, 1922 (additional source)
Articulina pacifica Cushman, 1944 (additional source)
Ascophyllum nodosum (Linnaeus) Le Jolis, 1863 (additional source)
Caligus fugu Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959 accepted as Caligus lagocephali Pillai N.K., 1961 (additional source)
Campanularia morgansi Millard, 1957 (additional source)
Catenicella paradoxa Rosso, 2009 (additional source)
Celleporaria fusca (Busk, 1854) (additional source)
Chaetodon austriacus Rüppell, 1836 (additional source)
Chaetodon larvatus Cuvier, 1831 (additional source)
Champsodon capensis Regan, 1908 (additional source)
Chanos chanos (Fabricius, 1775) (additional source)
Cibicides mabahethi Said, 1949 (additional source)
Codium arabicum Kützing, 1856 (additional source)
Coscinospira acicularis (Batsch, 1791) represented as Spirolina acicularis (Batsch, 1791) accepted as Monalysidium acicularis (Batsch, 1791) accepted as Monalysidium aciculare (Batsch, 1791) (additional source)
Cycloforina quinquecarinata (Collins, 1958) (additional source)
Didemnum vexillum Kott, 2002 (additional source)
Elamena mathoei (Desmarest, 1823) (additional source)
Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål, 1775) (additional source)
Epinephelus merra Bloch, 1793 (additional source)
Epistomaroides punctatus (Said, 1949) accepted as Epistomaroides punctulata (d'Orbigny, 1826) (additional source)
Equulites elongatus (Günther, 1874) (additional source)
Eucheilota ventricularis McCrady, 1859 (additional source)
Fabienna oligonema (Kramp, 1955) (additional source)
Haliscera bigelowi Kramp, 1947 (additional source)
Halitiara inflexa Bouillon, 1980 (additional source)
Hippopodina iririkiensis Tilbrook, 1999 (additional source)
Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Lagena oceanica Albani, 1974 accepted as Procerolagena oceanica (Albani, 1974) accepted as Lagena setigera Millett, 1901 (additional source)
Laonice norgensis Sikorski, 2003 (additional source)
Lernanthropus callionymicola El-Rashidy & Boxshall, 2012 (additional source)
Loxostomina costulata (Cushman, 1922) (additional source)
Lysmata kempi Chace, 1997 (additional source)
Microporella browni Harmelin, Ostrovsky, Cáceres-Chamizo & Sanner, 2011 (additional source)
Microporella genisii (Audouin, 1826) (additional source)
Microporella harmeri Hayward, 1988 (additional source)
Microspongium globosum Reinke, 1888 (additional source)
Mimachlamys sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source)
Nephasoma (Nephasoma) eremita (Sars, 1851) (additional source)
Ochetostoma erythrogrammon Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828 (additional source)
Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Ostracion cubicum Linnaeus, 1758 (additional source)
Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 (additional source)
Palisada maris-rubri (K.W.Nam & Saito) K.W.Nam, 2007 (additional source)
Pararotalia spinigera Loeblich & Tappan, 1957 (ex. Le Calvez, 1949) (additional source)
Parasmittina protecta (Thornely, 1905) (additional source)
Paratrochammina madeirae Brönniman, 1979 (additional source)
Perkinsyllis augeneri (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) (additional source)
Phyllodoce longifrons Ben-Eliahu, 1972 (additional source)
Planispirinella exigua (Brady, 1879) (additional source)
Pseudodiaptomus marinus Sato, 1913 (additional source)
Pseudohauerinella dissidens (McCulloch, 1977) (additional source)
Pseudomassilina australis (Cushman, 1932) (additional source)
Pseudotriloculina subgranulata (Cushman, 1918) (additional source)
Quinqueloculina milletti (Wiesner, 1923) accepted as Quinqueloculina milletti (Wiesner, 1912) (additional source)
Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) (additional source)
Scorpiodinipora costulata (Canu & Bassler, 1929) (additional source)
Septloculina rotunda El Nakhal, 1990 (additional source)
Septloculina tortuosa El Nakhal, 1990 (additional source)
Serpula hartmanae Reish, 1968 (additional source)
Sigmoihauerina bradyi (Cushman, 1917) (additional source)
Siphonaperta distorqueata (Cushman, 1954) (additional source)
Siphonaperta pittensis (Albani, 1974) accepted as Quinqueloculina parvaggluta Vella, 1957 (additional source)
Sphaerocoryne bedoti Pictet, 1893 (additional source)
Spiophanes algidus Meißner, 2005 (additional source)
Spiroloculina attenuata Cushman & Todd, 1944 accepted as Naxotia attenuata (Cushman & Todd, 1944) (additional source)
Spiroloculina nummiformis Said, 1949 (additional source)
Spurilla major (Eliot, 1903) accepted as Baeolidia moebii Bergh, 1888 (additional source)
Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 (additional source)
Stylarioides grubei Salazar-Vallejo, 2011 (additional source)
Synanceia verrucosa Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (additional source)
Taeniacanthus lagocephali Pearse, 1952 (additional source)
Teredothyra dominicensis (Bartsch, 1921) (additional source)
Tretomphaloides clara (Cushman, 1934) accepted as Neoconorbina clara (Cushman, 1934) (additional source)
Triloculina asymmetrica Said, 1949 accepted as Triloculinella asymmetrica (Said, 1949) (additional source)
Uronema marinum Womersley, 1984 (additional source)
Mediterranean Sea Area for Codium arabicum Kützing, 1856  (origin: alien)
Mediterranean Sea Area for Microspongium globosum Reinke, 1888  (origin: alien)
Mediterranean Sea Area for Osmundea oederi (Gunnerus) G.Furnari, 2008  (origin: alien)
Mediterranean Sea Area for Palisada maris-rubri (K.W.Nam & Saito) K.W.Nam, 2007  (origin: alien)
Mediterranean Sea Area for Solieria J.Agardh, 1842  (origin: alien)
Mediterranean Sea Area for Uronema marinum Womersley, 1984  (origin: alien)