WoRMS taxon details

Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) Gert Hansen & Moestrup, 2000

233015  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:233015)

accepted
Species
Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis, 1948 · unaccepted (basionym)
Gymnodinium brevis Davis, 1948 · unaccepted (synonym)
marine
(of Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis, 1948) Davis C. C. 1948. <i>Gymnodinium brevis</i> sp. nov., a cause of discolored water and animal mortality in the Gulf of Mexico. Bot. Gaz. 109: 358-360. [details]   
Type locality contained in Gulf of Mexico  
type locality contained in Gulf of Mexico [details]
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:50162  
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:50162 [details]

Description Medium-sized cells (23–34 μm long, 24–26 μm wide), very dorso-ventrally flattened (10–15 μm deep), with a convex...  
Description Medium-sized cells (23–34 μm long, 24–26 μm wide), very dorso-ventrally flattened (10–15 μm deep), with a convex dorsal side and a concave ventral side. Rounded epicone with a prominent bulbous apical protrusion. Hypocone notched and slightly bilobed. Cingulum slightly displaced. Sulcus extending onto the epicone. Numerous yellow-green chloroplasts. Spherical nucleus located in the left side of the hypocone. Apical groove extending a little onto the dorsal epicone. (Davis, 1948; Steidinger and Baden, 1984; Haywood et al., 2004). Taxonomically, Gymnodinium brevis was renamed G. breve in the 1960s. Later on, the genus name was changed to Ptychodiscus (Steidinger), later moved back to G. breve and finally to Karenia brevis in 2000.  [details]
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Karenia brevis (C.C.Davis) Gert Hansen & Moestrup, 2000. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=233015 on 2024-10-08
Date
action
by
2006-07-26 06:43:45Z
created
Camba Reu, Cibran
2008-11-21 06:40:06Z
checked
2008-11-21 08:21:07Z
changed
2010-10-12 08:08:29Z
changed
2015-06-26 12:00:51Z
changed
2019-07-17 06:07:57Z
changed

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original description  (of Gymnodinium breve C.C.Davis, 1948) Davis C. C. 1948. <i>Gymnodinium brevis</i> sp. nov., a cause of discolored water and animal mortality in the Gulf of Mexico. Bot. Gaz. 109: 358-360. [details]   

context source (HKRMS) Clark, A. M. (1982). Echinoderms of Hong Kong. <em>In: Morton B, editor. Proceedings of the first international marine biological workshop: The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.</em> 1: 485-501. [details]   

basis of record Gómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. <em>Acta Bot. Croat.</em> 64(1): 129-212. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

basis of record Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]   

additional source Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]   

additional source Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College [details]   

additional source Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae., available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/HAB [details]   

additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS[details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

new combination reference Daugbjerg, N.; Hansen, G.; Larsen, J.; Moestrup, O. (2000). Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrastructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new genera of unarmoured dinoflagellates. <em>Phycologia.</em> 39(4): 302-317., available online at https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-39-4-302.1 [details]   

toxicology source Landsberg J.H. & Steidinger K.A. 1998. A historical review of <i>Gymnodinium breve</i> red tides implicated in mass mortalities of the manatee (<i>Trichechus manatus latirostris</i>) in Florida. In: <i>Harmful Algae</i> (Ed. by B. Reguera, J. Blanco, M. L. Fernández & T. Wyatt), pp. 97-100. Xunta de Galicia and IOC, UNESCO, Santiago de Compostela. [details]   

ecology source Leles, S. G.; Mitra, A.; Flynn, K. J.; Tillmann, U.; Stoecker, D.; Jeong, H. J.; Burkholder, J.; Hansen, P. J.; Caron, D. A.; Glibert, P. M.; Hallegraeff, G.; Raven, J. A.; Sanders, R. W.; Zubkov, M. (2019). Sampling bias misrepresents the biogeographical significance of constitutive mixotrophs across global oceans. <em>Global Ecology and Biogeography.</em> 28(4): 418-428., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12853 [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

ecology source Mitra, A.; Caron, D. A.; Faure, E.; Flynn, K. J.; Leles, S. G.; Hansen, P. J.; McManus, G. B.; Not, F.; Do Rosario Gomes, H.; Santoferrara, L. F.; Stoecker, D. K.; Tillmann, U. (2023). The Mixoplankton Database (MDB): Diversity of photo‐phago‐trophic plankton in form, function, and distribution across the global ocean. <em>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.</em> 70(4)., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12972 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

ecology source Glibert, P.; Burkholder, J.; Kana, T.; Alexander, J.; Skelton, H.; Shilling, C. (2009). Grazing by Karenia brevis on Synechococcus enhances its growth rate and may help to sustain blooms. <em>Aquatic Microbial Ecology.</em> 55: 17-30., available online at https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01279 [details]   
 
 Present  Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio   Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From editor or global species database
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:50162 [details]

From regional or thematic species database
Description Medium-sized cells (23–34 μm long, 24–26 μm wide), very dorso-ventrally flattened (10–15 μm deep), with a convex dorsal side and a concave ventral side. Rounded epicone with a prominent bulbous apical protrusion. Hypocone notched and slightly bilobed. Cingulum slightly displaced. Sulcus extending onto the epicone. Numerous yellow-green chloroplasts. Spherical nucleus located in the left side of the hypocone. Apical groove extending a little onto the dorsal epicone. (Davis, 1948; Steidinger and Baden, 1984; Haywood et al., 2004). Taxonomically, Gymnodinium brevis was renamed G. breve in the 1960s. Later on, the genus name was changed to Ptychodiscus (Steidinger), later moved back to G. breve and finally to Karenia brevis in 2000.  [details]

Harmful effect Marine animal mortalities, NSP, respiratory irritation [details]
    Definitions

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