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Echinoidea source details
Clark, A. M.; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976). The echinoderms of southern Africa. Publ. No. 766. British Museum (Nat. Hist), London. 277 pp.
6324
Clark, A. M.; Courtman-Stock, J.
1976
The echinoderms of southern Africa
Publ. No. 766. British Museum (Nat. Hist), London. 277 pp
Publication
This is a key to the Echinoderms of South Africa (except the Holothurians). The area is limited to Capricorn (South-east) and to Walvis bay (South-west). After all the surveys done by H.L. Clark (1923) and Mortensen (1933a, of the Asterozoa), only a small number of new taxa have been discovered. The number of species included is ca. 280.
South Africa
Bathyal, Continental slope
Fauna and Flora, Faunistic inventories, Checklists, Catalogues Faunistic guides, Identification guides Systematics, Taxonomy Date action by 2013-01-12 18:30:12Z created db_admin
Aspidodiadema africanum Mortensen, 1939 (basis of record)
Astropyga radiata (Leske, 1778) (additional source) Brisaster capensis (Studer, 1880) (basis of record) Caenopedina capensis H.L. Clark, 1923 (basis of record) Catopygus loveni Studer, 1880 accepted as Tropholampas loveni (Studer, 1880) (source of synonymy) Chaetodiadema africanum H.L. Clark, 1925 (basis of record) Cidaris radiata Leske, 1778 accepted as Astropyga radiata (Leske, 1778) (source of synonymy) Cidaris toreumatica Klein, 1734 accepted as Temnopleurus toreumaticus (Leske, 1778) (source of synonymy) Cidarites pistillaris Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Prionocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) (source of synonymy) Clypeaster eurychorius H.L. Clark, 1925 (basis of record) Coelopleurus floridianus A. Agassiz, 1872 accepted as Coelopleurus floridanus A. Agassiz, 1872 (basis of record) Coelopleurus interruptus Döderlein, 1910 (basis of record) Coelopleurus maillardi (Michelin, 1862) (basis of record) Dermechinus horridus (A. Agassiz, 1879) (additional source) Echinocardium Gray, 1825 (additional source) Echinocardium capense Mortensen, 1907 (basis of record) Echinocardium cordatum (Pennant, 1777) (additional source) Echinocyamus elegans Mazzetti, 1893 (basis of record) Echinolampas crassa (Bell, 1880) (basis of record) Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) (source of synonymy) Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) (additional source) Echinostrephus molaris (Blainville, 1825) (additional source) Echinothrix calamaris (Pallas, 1774) (additional source) Echinothrix desori (L. Agassiz in L. Agassiz & Desor, 1846) accepted as Echinothrix calamaris (Pallas, 1774) (source of synonymy) Echinus calamaris Pallas, 1774 accepted as Echinothrix calamaris (Pallas, 1774) (source of synonymy) Echinus gilchristi Bell, 1904 (basis of record) Echinus gratilla Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758) (source of synonymy) Echinus hirsuta Döderlein, 1905 accepted as Echinus gilchristi Bell, 1904 (source of synonymy) Echinus horridus A. Agassiz, 1879 accepted as Dermechinus horridus (A. Agassiz, 1879) (source of synonymy) Echinus lacunosus Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Schizaster lacunosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (source of synonymy) Echinus mathaei Blainville, 1825 accepted as Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) (source of synonymy) Echinus molaris Blainville, 1825 accepted as Echinostrephus molaris (Blainville, 1825) (source of synonymy) Echinus pileolus Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Toxopneustes pileolus (Lamarck, 1816) (source of synonymy) Echinus variolaris Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck, 1816) (source of synonymy) Ellipsechinus lukunter (Linnaeus, 1758) accepted as Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) (source of synonymy) Eurypatagus parvituberculatus (H.L. Clark, 1925) (additional source) Hygrosoma petersi (A. Agassiz, 1880) accepted as Hygrosoma petersii (A. Agassiz, 1880) (basis of record) Keraiaphorus maillardi Michelin, 1862 accepted as Coelopleurus maillardi (Michelin, 1862) (source of synonymy) Kionocidaris striata Mortensen, 1932 (basis of record) Lamprechinus nitidus Döderlein, 1905 accepted as Trigonocidaris nitidus (Döderlein, 1905) (basis of record) Leiocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) accepted as Prionocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) (source of synonymy) Lovenia elongata (Gray, 1845) (additional source) Orechinus monolini (A. Agassiz, 1879) accepted as Trigonocidaris monolini A. Agassiz, 1879 (basis of record) Palaeolampas crassa Bell, 1880 accepted as Echinolampas crassa (Bell, 1880) (source of synonymy) Paracentrotus agulhensis Döderlein, 1905 accepted as Polyechinus agulhensis (Döderlein, 1905) (source of synonymy) Parechinus angulosus (Leske, 1778) (basis of record) Phormosoma petersii A. Agassiz, 1880 accepted as Hygrosoma petersii (A. Agassiz, 1880) (source of synonymy) Polyechinus agulhensis (Döderlein, 1905) (basis of record) Pourtalesia alcocki Koehler, 1914 (additional source) Prionocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) (additional source) Salenia phoinissa A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1908 accepted as Bathysalenia phoinissa (A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1908) (basis of record) Salmacis erythracis H.L. Clark, 1912 accepted as Salmaciella erythracis (H.L. Clark, 1912) (source of synonymy) Salmacis erythracis H.L. Clark, 1912 accepted as Salmaciella erythracis (H.L. Clark, 1912) (basis of record) Schizaster capensis Studer, 1880 accepted as Brisaster capensis (Studer, 1880) (source of synonymy) Spatangus capensis Döderlein, 1905 (basis of record) Spatangus elongata Gray, 1845 accepted as Spatangus elongatus Gray, 1845 accepted as Lovenia elongata (Gray, 1845) (source of synonymy) Sperosoma biseriatum Döderlein, 1901 (basis of record) Stereocidaris Pomel, 1883 (additional source) Stereocidaris capensis Döderlein, 1901 (additional source) Stereocidaris excavata Mortensen, 1932 (basis of record) Stereocidaris squamosa Mortensen, 1928 (additional source) Stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck, 1816) (additional source) Temnopleurus reevesi (Gray, 1855) accepted as Temnopleurus reevesii (Gray, 1855) (additional source) Toreumatica reevesi Gray, 1855 accepted as Temnopleurus reevesii (Gray, 1855) (source of synonymy) Toxopneustes pileolus (Lamarck, 1816) (additional source) Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758) (additional source) Tropholampas loveni (Studer, 1880) (basis of record) Urechinus naresianus A. Agassiz, 1879 (additional source)
Agulhas Bank for Coelopleurus interruptus Döderlein, 1910
Agulhas Bank for Salenia phoinissa A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1908 Australian Exclusive Economic Zone for Echinus variolaris Lamarck, 1816 Cape of Good Hope for Brisaster capensis (Studer, 1880) Cape of Good Hope for Tropholampas loveni (Studer, 1880) Cape Point for Caenopedina capensis H.L. Clark, 1923 Cape Seal for Echinus gilchristi Bell, 1904 Durban for Chaetodiadema africanum H.L. Clark, 1925 Durban for Clypeaster eurychorius H.L. Clark, 1925 Durban for Eurypatagus parvituberculatus (H.L. Clark, 1925) Durban for Kionocidaris striata Mortensen, 1932 East London for Aspidodiadema africanum Mortensen, 1939 East London for Stereocidaris excavata Mortensen, 1932 False Bay (South Shetland Islands) for Brissopsis lyrifera capensis Mortensen, 1907 Kenyan Exclusive Economic Zone for Sperosoma biseriatum Döderlein, 1901 Kenyan Exclusive Economic Zone for Sperosoma biseriatum Döderlein, 1901 Kermadec Islands for Orechinus monolini (A. Agassiz, 1879) Knysna for Lamprechinus nitidus Döderlein, 1905 Knysna for Polyechinus agulhensis (Döderlein, 1905) Knysna for Stereocidaris capensis Döderlein, 1901 Mauritian Exclusive Economic Zone for Diadema savignyi (Audouin, 1809) Mauritian Exclusive Economic Zone for Eucidaris metularia (Lamarck, 1816) Mauritian Exclusive Economic Zone for Prionocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) Mauritian Exclusive Economic Zone for Toxopneustes pileolus (Lamarck, 1816) Mauritius for Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Astropyga radiata (Leske, 1778) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Coelopleurus maillardi (Michelin, 1862) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Diadema savignyi (Audouin, 1809) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Echinodiscus auritus Leske, 1778 Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Echinodiscus bisperforatus Leske, 1778 Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Echinothrix calamaris (Pallas, 1774) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Eucidaris metularia (Lamarck, 1816) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Lovenia elongata (Gray, 1845) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Prionocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Salmaciella dussumieri erythracis (H.L. Clark, 1912) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Salmacis bicolor L. Agassiz in L. Agassiz & Desor, 1846 Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck, 1816) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Temnopleurus toreumaticus (Leske, 1778) Mozambican Exclusive Economic Zone for Toxopneustes pileolus (Lamarck, 1816) Mozambique for Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) Mozambique for Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758) Natal for Laganum fudsiyama africanum Mortensen, 1948 Northern Red Sea Region for Echinocyamus elegans Mazzetti, 1893 Réunion Exclusive Economic Zone for Coelopleurus maillardi (Michelin, 1862) Réunion Exclusive Economic Zone for Coelopleurus maillardi (Michelin, 1862) Saya de Malha for Stereocidaris squamosa Mortensen, 1928 Simon's Bay for Spatangus capensis Döderlein, 1905 South Africa (country) for Acanthocidaris maculicollis (de Meijere, 1904) (doubtful) South Africa (country) for Araeosoma paucispinum H.L. Clark, 1925 South Africa (country) for Aspidodiadema africanum Mortensen, 1939 South Africa (country) for Astropyga radiata (Leske, 1778) South Africa (country) for Brisaster capensis (Studer, 1880) South Africa (country) for Brissopsis lyrifera capensis Mortensen, 1907 South Africa (country) for Caenopedina capensis H.L. Clark, 1923 South Africa (country) for Chaetodiadema africanum H.L. Clark, 1925 South Africa (country) for Clypeaster eurychorius H.L. Clark, 1925 South Africa (country) for Clypeaster rarispinus de Meijere, 1903 South Africa (country) for Coelopleurus interruptus Döderlein, 1910 South Africa (country) for Coelopleurus maillardi (Michelin, 1862) South Africa (country) for Dermechinus horridus (A. Agassiz, 1879) South Africa (country) for Diadema savignyi (Audouin, 1809) South Africa (country) for Echinocardium capense Mortensen, 1907 South Africa (country) for Echinocardium cordatum (Pennant, 1777) South Africa (country) for Echinocyamus elegans Mazzetti, 1893 South Africa (country) for Echinodiscus bisperforatus Leske, 1778 South Africa (country) for Echinolampas crassa (Bell, 1880) South Africa (country) for Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) South Africa (country) for Echinostrephus molaris (Blainville, 1825) South Africa (country) for Echinothrix calamaris (Pallas, 1774) South Africa (country) for Echinus gilchristi Bell, 1904 South Africa (country) for Eurypatagus parvituberculatus (H.L. Clark, 1925) South Africa (country) for Hygrosoma petersi (A. Agassiz, 1880) South Africa (country) for Keraiaphorus maillardi Michelin, 1862 South Africa (country) for Kionocidaris striata Mortensen, 1932 South Africa (country) for Laganum fudsiyama africanum Mortensen, 1948 South Africa (country) for Orechinus monolini (A. Agassiz, 1879) South Africa (country) for Parechinus angulosus (Leske, 1778) South Africa (country) for Phormosoma bursarium A. Agassiz, 1881 South Africa (country) for Phormosoma placenta africana Mortensen, 1934 South Africa (country) for Pourtalesia alcocki Koehler, 1914 South Africa (country) for Prionocidaris pistillaris (Lamarck, 1816) South Africa (country) for Salenia phoinissa A. Agassiz & H.L. Clark, 1908 South Africa (country) for Salmaciella dussumieri erythracis (H.L. Clark, 1912) South Africa (country) for Salmacis bicolor L. Agassiz in L. Agassiz & Desor, 1846 South Africa (country) for Schizaster lacunosus (Linnaeus, 1758) South Africa (country) for Spatagobrissus mirabilis H.L. Clark, 1923 South Africa (country) for Spatangus capensis Döderlein, 1905 South Africa (country) for Sperosoma biseriatum Döderlein, 1901 South Africa (country) for Stereocidaris capensis Döderlein, 1901 South Africa (country) for Stereocidaris excavata Mortensen, 1932 South Africa (country) for Stereocidaris squamosa Mortensen, 1928 South Africa (country) for Stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck, 1816) South Africa (country) for Temnopleurus reevesi (Gray, 1855) South Africa (country) for Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus, 1758) South Africa (country) for Tropholampas loveni (Studer, 1880) Tanzanian Exclusive Economic Zone for Salmaciella dussumieri erythracis (H.L. Clark, 1912) United States for Hygrosoma petersi (A. Agassiz, 1880) Western Cape for Echinocardium capense Mortensen, 1907 Zanzibar for Salmaciella dussumieri erythracis (H.L. Clark, 1912)
Unknown type, geounit Crozet Islands, identified as Urechinus naresianus A. Agassiz, 1879
Unknown type, geounit Gulf of Oman, identified as Pourtalesia alcocki Koehler, 1914 Biology Sexually dimrophic species, epizoic on cake urchins Echinodiscus bisperforatus and E. auritus [details] Description Description: disc scales with scattered pointed spinelets; single thick oral papilla, no infradental papilla; ... [details] Description Clark & Courtman-Stock record the species as observed from South Africa, without further details. [details] Distribution General distribution: temperate, discontinuous (Pacific and Atlantic Oceans), depth range 62-2963 m. (Rowe & Gates, ... [details] Distribution Distribution: South Africa, not known more precisely. [details] Distribution Distribution: also atlantic coast of S Africa (Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976). [details] Distribution Also reported from Morocco and Ivory coast (Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976). [details] Distribution Also distributed in East Indies, Philippine and South Pacific Is. (Clark & Rowe, 1971); Australia (Rowe & Gates, ... [details] Distribution Also distributed in Gilbert Islands (Clark, 1954). [details] Distribution Also distributed in Saipan (Clark, 1954). [details] Distribution Also distributed in Maldives, Andamans, Lesser Sunda Island and southern Japan in depths from about 400-2800 m. ... [details] Distribution Distribution: occurs ao on the Atlantic Coast of South Africa (Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976 [554]) [details] Ecology benthic, continental shelf, continental slope. General distribution: temperate, South Africa, west Pacific Ocean, ... [details] Ecology Ecology: benthic, inshore, continental shelf, deposit feeder. General distribution: temperate, discontinuous (west ... [details] Ecology Ecology: benthic, continental shelf, continental slope, abyssal. General distribution: temperate, circumglobal ... [details] Ecology Ecology: benthic, continental slope. Depth range 318-2300 m. (Rowe & Gates, 1995). Also previously recorded in ... [details] Ecology Ecology: benthic, continental slope. General distribution: temperate, discontinuous, South Africa, New Zealand, ... [details] Holotype Holotype South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa.Type locality: off East London, South Africa, 375m (Rowe & ... [details] Holotype Holotype whereabouts undetermined. Type locality: Red Sea, in Lyman (1865) (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Holotype Holotype in Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA) No. 2278; paratypes in ... [details] Holotype Holotype South African Museum, Cape Town (South Africa) A.6445. Type locality: NW of Lion's Head, Cape Town, South ... [details] Remark Type species: Tristan da Cunha, 200 m. (Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976). [details] Remark Types species: Spatangus pusillus Leske, 1778 (=Echinus cordatus Pennant, 1777) by subsequent designation (Rowe & ... [details] Remark Type data: status and whereabouts undetermined. Type locality: Unknown (Britain) (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Remark Type data: syntypes whereabouts undetermined. Type locality: unknown (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Remark Type specie of the genus Keraiophorus Michelin, 1862 (=Coelopleurus L. Agassiz, 1840 (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Remark Syntypes undetermied. Type locality: Norway in Clark & Courtman-Stock (1976), but unknown in Rowe & Gates (1995). [details] Remark Syntypes ?Zoologisches Museum, Göttingen (Germany) (3 specimens).Type locality: Amboina, Indonesia (Rowe & Gates, ... [details] Remark Syntypes Natural History Museum, London (England) 1882.12.23.444. Type locality: japan (35°11'N 139°28'E) (Rowe & ... [details] Remark Type species: Ophiogymna elegans Ljungman, 1866 by monotypy (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Remark Lectotype Museum fürNnaturkunde an der Universität Humbolt zu Berlin, Berlin (Germany) 5429, paralectotype Museum ... [details] Remark Lectotype Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, paralectotypes Universitait van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, ... [details] Remark Type species: Ophiacantha vipellis Lyman, 1883 by original designation (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Remark Syntypes (probable) Natural History Museum, London (england). Type locality: off the coast of Ireland (Rowe & ... [details] Remark Type specie of the genus Cryptopelta H.L. Clark, 1909 (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details] Remark Syntypes (7 specimens) ?Universitait van Amsterdam, Amsterdam (Netherlands). Type locality: east of Sailus Besar, ... [details] Remark Also recorded from 'Coin Peros' by Bell (1909) - locality can't be traced. Described by Müller & Troschel ... [details] Remark Type species: Cidaris cretosa Mantell, 1829 (=Cidaris sceptrifera Mantell, 1822) by subsequent designation in ... [details] Status Lyman (1882) intended this to be a synonym of Ophioderma tonagan Lütken, 1872, but assigned his own name to it as ... [details] Synonymy Treated as synonym of Astrothorax papillata (H.L. Clark, 1923) in Clark & Courtman-Stock (1976). [details] synonymy Original combination for Henricia reticulata; H. reticulata is junior homonym of H. reticulata of Hayashi, 1940. [details] Synonymy In Lyman (1874): Ophiothrix longipeda is a synonym of Ophiothrix propinqua Lyman. But Ophiothrix propinqua is a ... [details] |