original descriptionÖstergren, H. (1898). Das System der Synaptiden. <em>Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar.</em> 55: 111-120.[details]
original description(ofLiodermatidae Bronn, 1860)Bronn, H.G. (1860). Die Klassen und Ordnungen der Strahlenthiere (Actinozoa) wissenschaftlich dargestellt. In: <em>Die Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Zweiter Band. Aktinozoen.</em> Leipzig & Heidelberg: C.F. Winter. 434 pp., 48 pls. [details]
basis of recordHansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i>. 50: pp. 336-351. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Identification resource
identification resourceO'Loughlin, P.M.; VandenSpiegel, D. (2010). A revision of Antarctic and some Indo-Pacific apodid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 67: 61-95. (look up in IMIS) [details]
identification resourceClark, H. L. (1908). The apodous holothurians. A monograph of the Synaptidae and Molpadiidae. <em>Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge.</em> 35(1732): 1-231., available online athttp://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.28255[details]
Other
additional sourceMadsen, F.J.; Hansen, B. (1994). Echinodermata Holothurioidea. <i>Marine invertebrates of Scandinavia</i>, 9. Scandinavian University Press: Oslo, Norway. ISBN 82-00-03936-6. 143 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality