Hydrozoa taxon details
Turritopsis rubra (Farquhar, 1895)
AphiaID: 284469
AphiaID: 284469
| Classification: Biota > Animalia > Cnidaria > Hydrozoa > Hydroidolina > Anthoathecata > Filifera > Oceaniidae > Turritopsis |
| Status | accepted | |||||||||||||
| Record status | Checked by Taxonomic Editor | |||||||||||||
| Rank | Species | |||||||||||||
| Parent | Turritopsis McCrady, 1857 | |||||||||||||
| Synonymised taxa |
Corydendrium zelandicum Stechow, 1924 Tubiclava rubra Farquhar, 1895 (basionym) | |||||||||||||
| Sources |
additional source: Miglietta, M. P., Piraino, S., Kubota, S., & Schuchert, P. 2007. Species in the genus Turritopsis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): a molecular evaluation. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 45: 1-88. [details] additional source: Schuchert, P. 2009a. Anthoanthecata (Cnidaria). In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp [details] redescription: Schuchert, P., 1996. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zeal. Oceanog. Inst. Mem. 106 : 1-159. page(s): 16, fig. 5a-e [details] [full text] redescription: Schuchert, P., 2004. Revision of the European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): families Oceanidae and Pachycordylidae. Rev. Suisse Zool. 111 2: 315-369. [details] from synonym: Farquhar, H. 1895. Description of two new gymnoblastic Hydroids. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 27: 208-209, plate 13., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/22767#page/236/mode/1up page(s): 209 [details] [view taxon] | |||||||||||||
| Vernacular Names |
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| Environment | marine, | |||||||||||||
| Distribution | Northern New Zealand [details] Southeast Australian Shelf [details] Southern New Zealand [details] | |||||||||||||
| Specimens |
Nontype: MHNG INVE 33455, locality Auckland (Hauraki Gulf, Devonport, Narrow Neck Beach) [details]
Nontype: MHNG INVE 34180, locality Tasmania (Hobart, Port of Hobart, Constitution Dock) [details] Nontype: MHNG INVE 33463, locality Wellington (Evans Bay, Greta Point ) [details] | |||||||||||||
| Feedingtypes |
polyp: carnivore [details]
medusa: carnivore [details] | |||||||||||||
| Links | To Barcode of Life (1 barcode) To Encyclopedia of Life To GenBank (12 nucleotides; 1 proteins) To ITIS | |||||||||||||
| Notes |
description: Polyp stage: Hydroids forming initially stolonial, later erect colonies, arising from attached, ramified stolons. Branching of stems irregular, reaching 15 mm (up to 50 mm in very large colonies). Branches originate at acute angles and are adnate for some distance afterwards, then curving away and becoming free. Branches 160 to 200 mm in diameter, some few expanding distally; perisarc firm, mostly heavily infested with detritus and algae, without annulations, terminating below hydranths. Perisarc double-layered, inner layer corrugated. Hydranths in material from New Zealand intensively orange-red. Relaxed hydranths are spindle shaped and reach 0.8 mm in height, with 12 to 20 filiform tentacles of different length (max. 0.6 mm), highly contractile, scattered over distal 3/4 of hydranth; hypostome conical, hydranth not retractable into perisarc, stressed hydranths contract to egg shape. Medusae buds arise below hydranths in perisarc covered region, mostly one bud, occasionally more. The medusae buds arise from short stems which may also be adnate for some distance after their origin. Also hydranths arising directly from stolons but belonging to an branching colony can bear medusae buds. Nematocysts: a) microbasic euryteles, (7-8)x(3-4)um, s=0.9. b) microbasic mastigophores, rare, in body and cauli of larger polyps, (5.5-7)x(3-4)um, s=0.7. c) desmonemes, discharged with four coils, (4.5-5.5)x(2.5-3)um. Young medusa: Newly released medusa spherical, light orange in New Zealand material, manubrium with four perradial lips with nematocyst clusters, manubrial peduncule present, base of manubrium and transition to radial canals with very large vacuolated gastrodermal cells, four interradial orange pads on distal part of manubrium. With four radial canals and circular canal. With eight tentacles, arising from bulbs with an inconspicuous adaxial ocellus. The exumbrella appears granulated and is slightly opaque. Nematocysts: a) microbasic euryteles in tentacles, (7-8)x(3-4)um. b) microbasic euryteles of manubrium, (8.5-10)x(3-3.5)um. c) desmonemes, discharged with four coils, (5-6.5)x (2.5-3.5)um. Adult medusa: Adult medusa up to 7 mm high, bell-shaped, higher than wide, jelly thin, at apex thicker. Stomach cross-shaped in axial view, manubrium not longer than bell cavity. Manubrium with intensively red colour. Four radial masses of large vacuolated gastrodermal cells form a compact mass above stomach. Mouth with four lips with nematocyst clusters along margin. Four radial canals which continue through vacuolated gastrodermal masses to manubrium. Gonads on interradial walls of manubrium, in mature females with developing embryos and planulae. Many tentacles (up to 120), arising from closely spaced tentacle bulbs, these with adaxial ocelli. Nematocysts: a) microbasic euryteles in tentacles, (8-9)x(4-5)um, s=0.9. b) microbasic euryteles from manubrium, (7-9.5)x(3-4)um, s=0.7. c) desmonemes of tentacles, (5.5-7)x(3.5-4.5)um. [details] Taxonomic status: This species has until recently been synonymized with T. nutricula McCrady, 1857, a medusa from the western Atlantic. Morphological and molecular data, however, showed it to be distinct. [details] | |||||||||||||
| Images |
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| LSID | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:284469 | |||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Edit history |
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[Taxonomic tree] [Google] [Google scholar] [Google images] | ||||||||||||||
| Citation: Schuchert, P. (2013). Turritopsis rubra (Farquhar, 1895). In: Schuchert, P. (2013) World Hydrozoa database. Accessed through: Schuchert, P. (2013) World Hydrozoa database at http://www.marinespecies.eu/hydrozoa/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=284469 on 2013-05-26 | ||||||||||||||
