WoRMS name details
Virgularia glacialis Kölliker, 1870
128538 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:128538)
unaccepted > nomen nudum (never formally described by Kölliker, who erroneously attributed the name to Sars)
Species
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Kölliker, A. von. (1870). Anatomisch-systematische Beschreibung der Alcyonarien. Erste Abtheilung: Die Pennatuliden. <em>Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft.</em> 7: 487-602., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16209642
page(s): 538-539 [details]
page(s): 538-539 [details]
McFadden, C.S.; Cordeiro, R.; Samimi-Namin, K.; Williams, G.; van Ofwegen, L. (2026). World List of Octocorallia. Virgularia glacialis Kölliker, 1870. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=128538 on 2026-01-28
Date
action
by
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 License
Nomenclature
original description
Kölliker, A. von. (1870). Anatomisch-systematische Beschreibung der Alcyonarien. Erste Abtheilung: Die Pennatuliden. <em>Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft.</em> 7: 487-602., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16209642
page(s): 538-539 [details]
basis of record Williams, G.C.; van der Land, J. (2001). Octocorallia - Pennatulacea. <em>in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.</em> Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: pp. 105-106. (look up in IMIS) [details]
page(s): 538-539 [details]
basis of record Williams, G.C.; van der Land, J. (2001). Octocorallia - Pennatulacea. <em>in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.</em> Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: pp. 105-106. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Taxonomy
status source
López-González, P. J.; Ólafsdóttir, S. H. (2025). A new and an old name for the arctic sea pen Virgularia glacialis Kölliker, 1870 (Octocorallia, Scleralcyonacea, Pennatuloidea), with description of a new genus. <em>Marine Biodiversity.</em> 55(5)., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-025-01546-9
page(s): 3; note: As described in this publication, Virgularia glacialis was never formally described by Kölliker, who attributed the species to Sars (who also never formally described it) [details] Available for editors
[request]
page(s): 3; note: As described in this publication, Virgularia glacialis was never formally described by Kölliker, who attributed the species to Sars (who also never formally described it) [details] Available for editors
[request]Other
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Williams, G.C. (1999). Index Pennatulacea: annotated bibliography and indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999. <em>Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.</em> 51(2): 19-103, 1 fig., 14 plates. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Kükenthal, W. (1915). Pennatularia. Das Tierreich. 43: 1-132., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/900948
page(s): 75 [details]
additional source Williams, G.C. (1999). Index Pennatulacea: annotated bibliography and indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999. <em>Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences.</em> 51(2): 19-103. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 46 [details]
additional source Deichmann, E. (1936). The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. <em>Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College.</em> 53: 1-317, plates 1-37., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4363633
page(s): 273, 274 [details]
additional source Williams, G.C. (1999). Index Pennatulacea: annotated bibliography and indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999. <em>Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.</em> 51(2): 19-103, 1 fig., 14 plates. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Kükenthal, W. (1915). Pennatularia. Das Tierreich. 43: 1-132., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/900948
page(s): 75 [details]
additional source Williams, G.C. (1999). Index Pennatulacea: annotated bibliography and indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999. <em>Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences.</em> 51(2): 19-103. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 46 [details]
additional source Deichmann, E. (1936). The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. <em>Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College.</em> 53: 1-317, plates 1-37., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4363633
page(s): 273, 274 [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
