WoRMS taxon details
Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
126830 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:126830)
accepted
Species
Maena smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) · unaccepted
Smaris alcedo (Risso, 1810) · unaccepted
Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836 · unaccepted (synonym)
Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836 · unaccepted (synonym)
Smaris smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) · unaccepted
Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sparus alcedo Risso, 1810 · unaccepted (synonym)
Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758 · unaccepted (synonym)
Spicara alcedo (Risso, 1810) · unaccepted
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
(of Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). <i>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</i>. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm]. [iii] + 824 pp. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details] Available for editors 
[request]
[request]
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2026). FishBase. Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126830 on 2026-07-10
Date
action
by
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License
Nomenclature
original description
(of Sparus alcedo Risso, 1810) Risso, A. (1810). Ichthyologie de Nice, ou histoire naturelle des poissons du Département des Alpes Maritimes. <em>F. Schoell, Paris.</em> i-xxxvi + 1-388, Pls. 1-11., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7052
page(s): 258 [details]
original description (of Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). <i>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</i>. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm]. [iii] + 824 pp. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details] Available for editors [request]
original description (of Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836) Bonaparte, C. L. (1836). Iconografia della fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. <em>Tomo III. Pesci. Roma.</em> Fasc. 15-18, puntata 80-93, 10 pls.
page(s): fasc. 15-17, punt.80, Pl. 90 (fig. 1) [details]
original description (of Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836) Bonaparte, C. L. (1836). Iconografia della fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. <em>Tomo III. Pesci. Roma.</em> Fasc. 15-18, puntata 80-93, 10 pls.
page(s): fasc. 15-17, punt.80, Pl. 90 bis (fig. 3) [details]
original description (of Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
page(s): 258 [details]
original description (of Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). <i>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</i>. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm]. [iii] + 824 pp. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details] Available for editors
[request]original description (of Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836) Bonaparte, C. L. (1836). Iconografia della fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. <em>Tomo III. Pesci. Roma.</em> Fasc. 15-18, puntata 80-93, 10 pls.
page(s): fasc. 15-17, punt.80, Pl. 90 (fig. 1) [details]
original description (of Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836) Bonaparte, C. L. (1836). Iconografia della fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. <em>Tomo III. Pesci. Roma.</em> Fasc. 15-18, puntata 80-93, 10 pls.
page(s): fasc. 15-17, punt.80, Pl. 90 bis (fig. 3) [details]
original description (of Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830) Cuvier, G. ; Valenciennes, A. (1830). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides. <em>Tome sixième. Livre sixième. Partie I. Des Sparoïdes; Partie II. Des Ménides.</em> v. 6: i-xxiv + 6 pp. + 1-559, Pls. 141-169. [Valenciennes is author of pp. 1-425, 493-559; Cuvier 426-491. i-xviii + 1-470 in Strasbourg ed.]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4436643 [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
Ecology
ecology source
Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details]
Other
context source (WoRCS)
Kovačić, M.; Gerovasileiou, V.; Patzner, R. A. (2024). Fishes in Marine Caves. <em>Fishes.</em> 9(6): 243., available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/6/243 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Digenis, M.; Ragkousis, M.; Dimitriadis, C.; Katsanevakis, S.; Gerovasileiou, V. (2025). Assessing the Motile Fauna of Eastern Mediterranean Marine Caves. <em>Fishes.</em> 10(8): 383., available online at https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10080383 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2026). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (04/2025)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
[request]additional source Digenis, M.; Ragkousis, M.; Dimitriadis, C.; Katsanevakis, S.; Gerovasileiou, V. (2025). Assessing the Motile Fauna of Eastern Mediterranean Marine Caves. <em>Fishes.</em> 10(8): 383., available online at https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10080383 [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2026). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (04/2025)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Albanian | maridha | [details] |
| Dutch | pikarel | [details] |
| English | picarel | [details] |
| French | picarel | [details] |
| Hebrew | מינון שלוח | [details] |
| Italian | zerro | [details] |
| Modern Greek (1453-) | Μαρίδα | [details] |
| Russian | Обыкновенная смарида | [details] |
| Spanish | caramel | [details] |
| Turkish | istrangiloz | [details] |
| Ukrainian | Смарида звичайна | [details] |
To Barcode of Life (40 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Spicara alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (11 publications) (from synonym Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (12 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (14 publications) (from synonym Sparus alcedo Risso, 1810)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (140 publications) (from synonym Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (17 publications) (from synonym Smaris smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (29 publications) (from synonym Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (51 publications) (from synonym Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Maena smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (84 publications) (from synonym Smaris alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Spicara smaris)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Spicara alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To FishBase (from synonym Maena smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To FishBase (from synonym Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758)
To FishBase (from synonym Sparus alcedo Risso, 1810)
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836)
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836)
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To Fishipedia
To FishSounds
To GenBank (67 nucleotides; 54 proteins)
To GenBank (67 nucleotides; 54 proteins) (from synonym Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To PESI
To ITIS
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Spicara alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (11 publications) (from synonym Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (12 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (14 publications) (from synonym Sparus alcedo Risso, 1810)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (140 publications) (from synonym Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (17 publications) (from synonym Smaris smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (29 publications) (from synonym Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (51 publications) (from synonym Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Maena smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (84 publications) (from synonym Smaris alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Spicara smaris)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Spicara alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To FishBase (from synonym Maena smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To FishBase (from synonym Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758)
To FishBase (from synonym Sparus alcedo Risso, 1810)
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris gracilis Bonaparte, 1836)
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris alcedo (Risso, 1810))
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris maurii Bonaparte, 1836)
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris smaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
To FishBase (from synonym Smaris vulgaris Valenciennes, 1830)
To Fishipedia
To FishSounds
To GenBank (67 nucleotides; 54 proteins)
To GenBank (67 nucleotides; 54 proteins) (from synonym Sparus smaris Linnaeus, 1758)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To PESI
To ITIS
