WoRMS taxon details
Penares Gray, 1867
AphiaID: 131992
AphiaID: 131992
| Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Porifera (Phylum) > Demospongiae (Class) > Astrophorida (Order) > Geodiidae (Family) > Erylinae (Subfamily) |
| Status | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||
| Record status | Checked by Taxonomic Editor | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rank | Genus | |||||||||||||||||||
| Typetaxon | Stelletta helleri Schmidt, 1864 (type by original designation) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Parent | Erylinae Sollas, 1888 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Synonymised taxa |
Jasplakina de Laubenfels, 1954 (junior synonym) Pachamphilla Lendenfeld, 1907 (junior synonym) Papyrula Schmidt, 1868 (junior synonym) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sources |
original description: Gray, J.E. 1867a. Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867(2): 492-558, pls XXVII-XXVIII. [details] [full text]
basis of record: Uriz, M.J. (2002). Family Ancorinidae Schmidt, 1870, in: Hooper, J.N.A.; Van Soest, R.W.M. (Ed.) (2002). Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of sponges. pp. 108-126 (look up in IMIS) [details] basis of record: Cárdenas, P.; Rapp, H.T.; Schander, C.; Tendal, O.S. 2010. Molecular taxonomy and phylogeny of the Geodiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida) - combining phylogenetic and Linnaean classification. Zoologica Scripta 39: 89-106. [details] basis of record: Cárdenas P, Xavier JR, Reveillaud J, Schander C, Rapp HT (2011) Molecular Phylogeny of the Astrophorida (Porifera, Demospongiae) Reveals an Unexpected High Level of Spicule Homoplasy. PLoS ONE 6(4) , available online at http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0018318 [details] [full text] additional source: Kelly, M. (2009). Demospongiae, Calcarea (Porifera). In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp [details] additional source: Van Soest, R.W.M. 2001. Porifera, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 85-103 (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: Chombard, C.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Tillier, S. 1998. Reassessment of Homology of Morphological Characters in Tetractinellid Sponges Based on Molecular Data. Systematic Biology 47(3): 351-366. (look up in IMIS) [details] from synonym: Laubenfels, M.W. De 1954a. The Sponges of the West-Central Pacific. Oregon State Monographs. Studies in Zoology 7: i-x, 1-306,pls I-XII. [details] [view taxon] [full text] from synonym: Van Soest, R.W.M.; Beglinger, E.J.; De Voogd, N.J. 2010. Skeletons in confusion: a review of astrophorid sponges with (dicho-)calthrops as structural megascleres (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida). Zookeys 68: 1-88. [details] [view taxon] [full text] from synonym: Lendenfeld, R. Von 1907a. Die Tetraxonia. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf der Dampfer Valdivia 1898-1899 11(1-2): i-iv, 59-374, pls IX-XLVI. [details] [view taxon] [full text] from synonym: Schmidt, O. 1868. Die Spongien der Küste von Algier. Mit Nachträgen zu den Spongien des Adriatischen Meeres (Drittes Supplement). (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig): i-iv, 1-44, pls I-V. [details] [view taxon] [full text] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Direct child taxa [show all] | Species Penares alata (Lendenfeld, 1907) Species Penares anisoxia Boury-Esnault, 1973 Species Penares apicospinatus Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest, 1997 Species Penares candidata (Schmidt, 1868) Species Penares chelotropa Boury-Esnault, 1973 Species Penares cortius de Laubenfels, 1930 Species Penares dendyi (Hentschel, 1912) Species Penares euastrum (Schmidt, 1868) Species Penares foliaformis Wilson, 1904 Species Penares hartmeyeri (Uliczka, 1929) Species Penares helleri (Schmidt, 1864) Species Penares hilgendorfi (Thiele, 1898) Species Penares hongdoensis Jeon & Sim, 2009 Species Penares incrustans Tanita, 1963 Species Penares intermedia (Dendy, 1905) Species Penares mastoidea (Schmidt, 1880) Species Penares metastrosa (Lebwohl, 1914) Species Penares micraster Lévi, 1993 Species Penares nux (de Laubenfels, 1954) Species Penares obtusus (Lendenfeld, 1907) Species Penares ochracea (Carter, 1886) Species Penares orthotriaena Burton, 1931 Species Penares palmatoclada Lévi, 1993 Species Penares saccharis (de Laubenfels, 1930) Species Penares scabiosus Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest, 1997 Species Penares schulzei (Dendy, 1905) Species Penares sclerobesa Topsent, 1904 Species Penares sollasi Thiele, 1900 Species Penares sphaera (Lendenfeld, 1907) Species Penares tylotaster Dendy, 1924 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fossil range | recent only | |||||||||||||||||||
| Links | To GenBank To ITIS | |||||||||||||||||||
| Note |
Penares helleri (type-species of Penares) has been shown to be a Geodiidae, according to Cardenas et al 2010 and 2011. For that reason Penares, formerly assigned to Ancorinidae,is now (tentatively) reassinged to Geodiidae. This decision means that the the major synapomorphy of the family, sterrasters/aspidasters is assumed to have become lost. [details] | |||||||||||||||||||
| LSID | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:131992 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Edit history |
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[Taxonomic tree] [Distribution map] [Google] [Google scholar] [Google images] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Citation: Boury-Esnault, N.; van Soest, R. (2013). Penares Gray, 1867. In: Van Soest, R.W.M; Boury-Esnault, N.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Rützler, K.; de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez de Glasby, B.; Hajdu, E.; Pisera, A.B.; Manconi, R.; Schoenberg, C.; Janussen, D.; Tabachnick, K.R., Klautau, M.; Picton, B.; Kelly, M.; Vacelet, J.; Dohrmann, M.; Cristina Díaz, M. (2013) World Porifera database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=131992 on 2013-05-22 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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