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WoRMS taxon details
Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810
AphiaID: 105843
AphiaID: 105843
| Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Vertebrata (Subphylum) > Gnathostomata (Superclass) > Pisces (Superclass) > Elasmobranchii (Class) > Neoselachii (Subclass) > Selachii (Infraclass) > Galeomorphi (Superorder) > Lamniformes (Order) > Odontaspididae (Family) > Carcharias (Genus) |
| Status | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record status | Checked by Taxonomic Editor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank | Species | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typetaxon of | Carcharias Rafinesque 1810 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent | Carcharias Rafinesque 1810 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonymised taxa |
Carcharhinus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810) Carcharias arenarius Ogilby, 1911 Carcharias griseus Ayres, 1843 Carcharias owstoni Garman, 1913 Carcharias platensis (Lahille, 1928) Charcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810 (misspelling) Eugmophodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810) Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810) Lamna ecarinata Hilgendorf, 1899 Odontaspis americanus (Mitchill, 1815) Odontaspis arenarius (Ogilby, 1911) Odontaspis cinerea Ramsay, 1880 Odontaspis platensis Lahille, 1928 Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810) Squalus americanus Mitchill, 1815 Squalus littoralis Lesueur, 1818 Squalus lixa Larrañaga, 1923 Squalus macrodus Mitchill, 1818 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sources |
basis of record: Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] basis of record: Compagno, L.J.V. (1984). FAO Species Catalogue No. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. (125) Vol 4, Part 1. 246 pp. FAO, Rome. [details] basis of record: van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces - Chondrichthyes, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 358-360 (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: Collette, B.B., and G. Klein-MacPhee (eds.). 2002. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, 3rd edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London. 748 p. [details] additional source: Fishbase, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details] additional source: FishBase, version december 2007 (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: FishBase, version may 2009 [details] additional source: McEachran, J. D. 2009. Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vernacular Names |
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| Environment | marine, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution | type locality: Sicily [details] Angola [details] Argentina [details] Atlantic [details] Australia [details] Bahamas [details] Bermuda [details] Brazil [details] Cameroon [details] Canada [details] Canary Islands [details] Cape Verde [details] Central Pacific Ocean [details] Djibouti [details] East Atlantic [details] Eastern Pacific [details] Eritrea [details] European waters (ERMS scope) [details] FAO fishing area 47 [details] FAO fishing area 51 [details] FAO fishing area 57 [details] FAO fishing area 61 [details] FAO fishing area 71 [details] FAO fishing area 81 [details] Ghana [details] Grecian Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Gulf of Maine [details] Indo-West Pacific [details] Kenya [details] Madagascar [details] Mauritania [details] Mediterranean Sea [details] Morocco [details] Mozambique [details] Namibia [details] Nigeria [details] North West Atlantic [details] Red Sea (from synonym) [details] São Tomé and Principe [details] Senegal [details] Somalia [details] South Africa [details] South Africa (country) [details] Tanzania [details] Uruguay [details] USA [details] West Atlantic [details] West Pacific [details] Western Saharan Exclusive Economic Zone [details] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Links | To FishBase To GenBank To Barcode of Life (96 barcodes) To ITIS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes |
Description: Lives mostly on or near the bottom, from the surf zone, in shallow bays, and around coral and rocky reefs down to at least 191 m depth on the outer shelves (Ref. 247). Migratory species which feeds on small fish, sharks, rays, squids, and on crabs and lobsters occasionally (Ref. 5213). Maybe solitary or forms small to large schools. Reproduction features ovophagy or uterine cannibalism. Only one of 16-23 egg cases survives. Inoffensive and unaggresive when not provoked (Ref. 247). [details] Diet: Feeds on bony fishes, small sharks, rays, squids, crabs and lobsters [details] Diet: feeds on a wide variety of bony fishes (teleosts), with elasmobranchs an important secondary prey; crustaceans, cephalopods, and marine mammals are also taken. Bony fish prey includes herring (Clupeidae), anchovies (Engraulidae), hake (Merluccidae), eels (Anguillidae), monkfish or anglers (Lophiidae), cusk eels (Ophidiidae), lizardfish (Synodontidae), sea catfish (Ariidae), croakers (Sciaenidae), Australian salmon (Arripidae), morwong (Cheilodactylidae), rock blackfish or opaleyes (Girellidae), bluefish, elf or taylor (Pomatomidae), mackerel and bonito (Scombridae),butterfishes (Stromateidae), snappers (Lutjanidae), wrasses (Labridae), mullet (Mugilidae), spadefish (Chaetodipteridae), sea robins (Triglidae), flatheads (Platycephalidae), duckbills (Percophidae), midshipmen (Batrachodidae), sea basses(Serranidae), porgies or sea bream (Sparidae), jacks (Carangidae), remoras (Echeneidae), flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) including soles (Soleidae), American soles (Achiridae), Atlantic flounders (Scophthalmidae), and righteye flounders (Paralichthyidae), and undoubtedly many others. Elasmobranch prey includes requiem sharks (Carcharhinidae), houndsharks (Triakidae), angel sharks (Squatinidae), skates (Rajidae) and their egg cases, and eagle rays (Aetobatus and Myliobatis, Myliobatidae). Invertebrate prey includes squid (Loliginidae), crabs, lobsters and hermit crabs (Paguridae). Plant material is rarely found in stomach contents, and presumably is accidentally ingested along with animal prey. [details] Distribution: Gulf of Maine to Argentina [details] Habitat: benthic [details] Habitat: Found at depths of 0-191 m, often on or near the bottom. [details] Habitat: An inshore and offshore, littoral shark. This shark occurs in the surf zone off sandy and rocky beaches, in shallow bays, on offshore banks and reefs, in underwater caves, in troughs on sandy areas, and around coral and rocky reefs from the intertidal less than 1mdeep down to at least 191 m, with most at depths of 15 to 25 m. This species is often found near or on the bottom but also occurs in midwater or at the surface. [details] Importance: Social- Commercial, gamefish [details] Length: Maximum total length at least 318 cm, with recent records from shark meshing operations in Australia suggesting a maximum of at least 4.3 m. Older accounts attribute a size of at least 6.1 m to this species (Day, 1878), but this is unlikely. Size at birth 95 to 105 cm. Males maturing at about 190 to 195 cm with adults 220 to 257+ cm; females maturing at 220 cm or more and reaching 300+ cm, with immatures up to 225 cm. [details] Predators: Man [details] Reproduction: Ovoviviparous; has one of the lowest reproductive rates known among elasmobranchs, 1-2 large young every 2 years; in Florida waters, the birthing season is November to February [details] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Citation: Bailly, N. (2009). Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810. In: Nicolas Bailly (2009). World Database of Marine Pisces. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=105843 on 2010-07-30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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