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Traits taxon details

Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815

Cypraeidae pattern of diversity
Cypraeidae pattern of diversity

23022 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:23022)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Mollusca (Phylum)
  4. Gastropoda (Class)
  5. Caenogastropoda (Subclass)
  6. Littorinimorpha (Order)
  7. Cypraeoidea (Superfamily)
  8. Cypraeidae (Family)
accepted
Family

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Children Display

  1. Subfamily [unassigned] Cypraeidae
    1. Genus Coffeacypraea Nützel & S. Schneider, 2025 †
  2. Subfamily Cypraeinae Rafinesque, 1815
    1. Tribe Cypraeini Rafinesque, 1815
      1. Genus Akleistostoma J. A. Gardner, 1948 †
      2. Genus Calusacypraea Petuch, 1996 †
      3. Genus Cypraea Linnaeus, 1758
      4. Genus Cypraeorbis Conrad, 1865 †
      5. Genus Loxacypraea Petuch, 2004 †
      6. Genus Muracypraea Woodring, 1957
      7. Genus Pahayokea Petuch, 2003 †
      8. Genus Pseudadusta Petuch, 2003 †
      9. Genus Siphocypraea Heilprin, 1886 †
      10. Genus Yeehawcypraea Petuch & Drolshagen, 2011 †
      11. Genus Okeechobea Petuch, 2003 † accepted as Siphocypraea (Okeechobea) Petuch, 2003 † represented as Siphocypraea Heilprin, 1886 † (unaccepted > superseded rank)
      12. Genus Tigris Troschel, 1863 accepted as Cypraea Linnaeus, 1758 (unaccepted > junior objective synonym)
    2. Tribe Mauritiini W. R. Steadman & Cotton, 1946
      1. Genus Leporicypraea Iredale, 1930
      2. Genus Macrocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1930
      3. Genus Mauritia Troschel, 1863
      4. Genus Semicypraea F. A. Schilder, 1936 †
  3. Subfamily Cypraeovulinae F. A. Schilder, 1927
    1. Genus Cypraeovula J. E. Gray, 1824
    2. Genus Notadusta F. A. Schilder, 1935
    3. Genus Notocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927
    4. Genus Notoluponia F. A. Schilder, 1935 †
    5. Genus Ponticypraea Fehse, Lorenz, Hawke & K. Kovács, 2019 † accepted as Willungia A. W. B. Powell, 1938 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  4. Subfamily Erosariinae F. A. Schilder, 1924
    1. Genus Bouchetaria Castelin & Lorenz, 2024
    2. Genus Conocypraea Oppenheim, 1901 †
    3. Genus Cryptocypraea C. Meyer, 2003
    4. Genus Maestratia L. Dolin & Aguerre, 2019 †
    5. Genus Monetaria Troschel, 1863
    6. Genus Naria J. E. Gray, 1837
    7. Genus Nucleolaria Oyama, 1959
    8. Genus Perisserosa Iredale, 1930
    9. Genus Praerosaria L. Dolin & Lozouet, 2004 †
    10. Genus Staphylaea Jousseaume, 1884
    11. Genus Erosaria Troschel, 1863 accepted as Naria J. E. Gray, 1837
    12. Genus Paulonaria Iredale, 1930 accepted as Naria J. E. Gray, 1837
    13. Genus Ravitrona Iredale, 1930 accepted as Monetaria Troschel, 1863
  5. Subfamily Erroneinae F. A. Schilder, 1927
    1. Tribe Bistolidini C. P. Meyer, 2003
      1. Genus Bistolida Cossmann, 1920
      2. Genus Bradneria L. Dolin, 2024
      3. Genus Cribrarula Strand, 1929
      4. Genus Ovatipsa Iredale, 1931
      5. Genus Palmadusta Iredale, 1930
      6. Genus Romanekia L. Dolin & Aguerre, 2019 †
      7. Genus Talostolida F. A. Schilder, 1939
    2. Tribe Erroneini F. A. Schilder, 1927
      1. Genus Blasicrura Iredale, 1930
      2. Genus Contradusta C. Meyer, 2003
      3. Genus Eclogavena Iredale, 1930
      4. Genus Erronea Troschel, 1863
      5. Genus Ficadusta T. Habe & Kosuge, 1966
      6. Genus Melicerona Iredale, 1930
      7. Genus Palmulacypraea C. Meyer, 2003
      8. Genus Paradusta Lorenz, 2017
      9. Genus Purpuradusta F. A. Schilder, 1939
      10. Genus Ransoniella L. Dolin & Lozouet, 2005
      11. Genus Adusta Jousseaume, 1884 accepted as Erronea Troschel, 1863 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
      12. Genus Gratiadusta Iredale, 1930 accepted as Erronea Troschel, 1863 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
      13. Genus Ransonia L. Dolin & Lozouet, 2004 accepted as Ransoniella L. Dolin & Lozouet, 2005 (Invalid: junior homonym of Ransonia Kramp, 1947 [Hydrozoa] and Ransonia Blandin, 1979 [Arachnida]; Ransoniella is a replacement name)
    3. Tribe Hiraseadustini L. Dolin, 2024
      1. Genus Hiraseadusta Shikama, 1971
      2. Genus Austrasiatica Lorenz, 1989 accepted as Hiraseadusta Shikama, 1971 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  6. Subfamily Gisortiinae F. A. Schilder, 1927 †
    1. Genus Afrocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1932 †
    2. Genus Archicypraea F. A. Schilder, 1926 †
    3. Genus Bernaya Jousseaume, 1884 †
    4. Genus Garviea L. Dolin & Dockery, 2018 †
    5. Genus Gisortia Jousseaume, 1884 †
    6. Genus Mandolina Jousseaume, 1884 †
    7. Genus Megalovicetia Vicián, 2026 †
    8. Genus Palaeocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1928 †
    9. Genus Protocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927 †
    10. Genus Vicetia Fabiani, 1905 †
    11. Genus Megalocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927 † accepted as Gisortia Jousseaume, 1884 †
  7. Subfamily Ipsinae Bergonzoni, 2026
    1. Genus Ipsa Jousseaume, 1884
  8. Subfamily Luriinae F. A. Schilder, 1932
    1. Tribe Austrocypraeini Iredale, 1935
      1. Genus Annepona Iredale, 1935
      2. Genus Arestorides Iredale, 1930
      3. Genus Austrocypraea Cossmann, 1903
      4. Genus Callistocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927
      5. Genus Chelycypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927
      6. Genus Lyncina Troschel, 1863
      7. Genus Miolyncina F. A. Schilder, 1939
      8. Genus Raybaudia Lorenz, 2017
      9. Genus Trona Jousseaume, 1884
    2. Tribe Luriini F. A. Schilder, 1932
      1. Genus Fossacypraea F. A. Schilder, 1939 †
      2. Genus Javacypraea Lorenz, 2025 †
      3. Genus Jousseaumea Sacco, 1894 †
      4. Genus Luria Jousseaume, 1884
      5. Genus Talparia Troschel, 1863
  9. Subfamily Nesiocypraeinae Bergonzoni, 2026
    1. Genus Nesiocypraea M. Azuma & Kurohara, 1967
  10. Subfamily Propustulariinae Bergonzoni, 2026
    1. Genus Propustularia F. A. Schilder, 1927
    2. Genus Subepona L. Dolin & Lozouet, 2004 †
  11. Subfamily Pustulariinae T. Gill, 1871
    1. Genus Pustularia Swainson, 1840
    2. Tribe Cypraeovulini Schilder, 1927 accepted as Cypraeovulinae F. A. Schilder, 1927
    3. Tribe Pustulariini T. Gill, 1871 accepted as Pustulariinae T. Gill, 1871
  12. Subfamily Umbiliinae F. A. Schilder, 1932
    1. Genus Gigantocypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927 †
    2. Genus Umbilia Jousseaume, 1884
  13. Subfamily Zoilinae Iredale, 1935
    1. Genus Barycypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927
    2. Genus Zoila Jousseaume, 1884
    3. Genus Afrozoila Fehse, 2016 accepted as Barycypraea F. A. Schilder, 1927
  14. Subfamily Zonariinae F. A. Schilder, 1932
    1. Tribe Pseudozonariini López-Soriano, 2006
      1. Genus Neobernaya F. A. Schilder, 1927
      2. Genus Pseudozonaria F. A. Schilder, 1927
    2. Tribe Zonariini F. A. Schilder, 1932
      1. Genus Porcellusia L. Dolin, 2025 †
      2. Genus Proadusta Sacco, 1894 †
      3. Genus Prozonarina F. A. Schilder, 1941 †
      4. Genus Risbecina L. Dolin, 2024 †
      5. Genus Schilderina L. Dolin & Aguerre, 2020
      6. Genus Turonadusta L. Dolin, 2024 †
      7. Genus Vayssierella L. Dolin, 2024 †
      8. Genus Zonaria Jousseaume, 1884
      9. Genus Zonarina Sacco, 1894 †
      10. Genus Schilderia Tomlin, 1930 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
      11. Genus Kayella L. Dolin, 2024 † accepted as Porcellusia L. Dolin, 2025 † (unaccepted > junior homonym, invalid: junior homonym of Kayella Vecammen-Grandjean, 1960 [Arthropoda]; Porcellusia is a replacement name)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent + fossil
(of Cypraeinae Rafinesque, 1815) Rafinesque, C.S. (1815). <i>Analyse de la nature ou Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés</i>. Published by the author, Palermo. 224 pp. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48310197
page(s): 145; note: original spelling (subfamily) Cypridia [details] OpenAccess publication
MolluscaBase eds. (2026). MolluscaBase. Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: Marine Species Traits editorial board (2026) Marine Species Traits at: https://www.marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=23022 on 2026-07-02
Marine Species Traits editorial board (2026). Marine Species Traits. Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=23022 on 2026-07-02
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
db_admin
2009-03-28 21:19:53Z
changed
Gofas, Serge
2012-11-24 01:20:16Z
changed
Moretzsohn, Fabio
2026-02-15 07:54:01Z
changed
Bouchet, Philippe

original description (of Cypraeinae Rafinesque, 1815) Rafinesque, C.S. (1815). <i>Analyse de la nature ou Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés</i>. Published by the author, Palermo. 224 pp. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48310197
page(s): 145; note: original spelling (subfamily) Cypridia [details] OpenAccess publication

basis of record Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. <em>Malacologia.</em> 47 (1-2): 1-397. [20 July]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25127200 [details] Available for editors  PDF available

additional source Lorenz F. (2002) New worldwide cowries. Descriptions of new taxa and revisions of selected groups of living Cypraeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). <i>Schriften zur Malakozoologie aus dem Haus der Natur-Cismar</i> 20: 1-292, pls 1-40. [details] 

additional source Lorenz F. & Hubert A. (2000) A guide to worldwide cowries. Edition 2. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 584 pp. [details] 

additional source Meyer, C. (2003). Molecular systematics of cowries (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae) and diversification patterns in the Tropics. <em>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 79: 401-459., available online at https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00197.x [details] 

additional source Schilder, M.; Schilder, F. A. (1971). A catalogue of living and fossil cowries. A taxonomy and bibliography of Triviacea and Cypraeacea (Gastropoda Prosobranchia). <em>Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Mémoires, ser. 2.</em> 85: 1-246. [details] Available for editors  PDF available

additional source Burgess C.M. (1985). <i>Cowries of the world</i>. Cape Town: Gordon Verhoef, Seacomber Publications. xiv + 289 pp. [details] 

additional source Moretzsohn, F. (2014). Cypraeidae: How well-inventoried is the best-known seashell family?. <em>American Malacological Bulletin.</em> 32(2): 278-289., available online at https://doi.org/10.4003/006.032.0219
page(s): 278-289 [details] 

additional source Lorenz, F. (2017). Cowries. A guide to the gastropod family Cypraeidae. <em>Volume 1, Biology and systematics. Harxheim: ConchBooks.</em> 644 pp. [details] 

additional source Helfer, J. R. (1946). The classification of Cypraeidae. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 60(2): 49-53., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8523730 [details] 

additional source Burgess, C.M. (1970). The Living Cowries. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey. (look up in IMIS) [details] 
 
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