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Traits taxon details

Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim, 1807

138664 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:138664)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Mollusca (Phylum)
  4. Gastropoda (Class)
  5. Caenogastropoda (Subclass)
  6. Littorinimorpha (Order)
  7. Stromboidea (Superfamily)
  8. Xenophoridae (Family)
  9. Xenophora (Genus)
accepted
Genus
Xenophoridae Troschel, 1852 (1840)
Phorus Montfort, 1810 · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
Xenophora (Endoptygma) Gabb, 1877 † · unaccepted (subgenus is junior synonym of genus)
Xenophora (Xenophora) Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 · unaccepted (subgenus not in use)

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  1. Species Xenophora aegyptica Oppenheim, 1906 †
  2. Species Xenophora atrebatum Pacaud, 2016 †
  3. Species Xenophora brasiliensis (C. A. White, 1887) †
  4. Species Xenophora brevis Y. K. Tan, Nappo & Bouchet, 2026
  5. Species Xenophora brongniarti (Bronn, 1831) †
  6. Species Xenophora burdigalensis (Grateloup, 1845) †
  7. Species Xenophora canaliculata (A. d'Orbigny, 1842) †
  8. Species Xenophora carditigera S. N. Nielsen & DeVries, 2002 †
  9. Species Xenophora carnatica Stoliczka, 1868 †
  10. Species Xenophora cerea (Reeve, 1845)
  11. Species Xenophora coelata (Delpey, 1948) †
  12. Species Xenophora conchyliophora (Born, 1780)
  13. Species Xenophora confusa (Deshayes, 1832) †
  14. Species Xenophora corrugata (Reeve, 1842)
  15. Species Xenophora crispa (König, 1825) †
  16. Species Xenophora cumulans (Brongniart, 1823) †
  17. Species Xenophora davolii Manganelli, Spadini & Cianfanelli, 2004 †
  18. Species Xenophora delecta (Guppy, 1876) †
  19. Species Xenophora deshayesi (Michelotti, 1847) †
  20. Species Xenophora flemingi Beu, 1977 †
  21. Species Xenophora grasi Roman & Mazeran, 1920 †
  22. Species Xenophora gravesiana (A. d'Orbigny, 1850) †
  23. Species Xenophora guanensis Pacaud & Merle, 2016 †
  24. Species Xenophora hermax Squires & Saul, 2001 †
  25. Species Xenophora humilis (Conrad, 1847) †
  26. Species Xenophora imperforata (Gabb, 1873) †
  27. Species Xenophora isara Pacaud, 2016 †
  28. Species Xenophora italica (Grateloup, 1845) †
  29. Species Xenophora japonica Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971
  30. Species Xenophora josianae Pacaud, 2016 †
  31. Species Xenophora kermadecensis Ponder, 1983
  32. Species Xenophora konoi T. Habe, 1953
  33. Species Xenophora lapiferens Whitfield, 1892 †
  34. Species Xenophora leprosa (S. G. Morton, 1834) †
  35. Species Xenophora lindae Petuch & Drolshagen, 2010 †
  36. Species Xenophora lozoueti Pacaud, 2016 †
  37. Species Xenophora madagascariensis Collignon, 1951 †
  38. Species Xenophora mediterranea Tiberi, 1863
  39. Species Xenophora mekranensis (R. B. Newton, 1905) †
  40. Species Xenophora microdiscus Petuch, 1994 †
  41. Species Xenophora neozelanica Suter, 1908
  42. Species Xenophora nilssoni Pacaud, 2016 †
  43. Species Xenophora nummulitifera Deshayes, 1863 †
  44. Species Xenophora pallidula (Reeve, 1842)
  45. Species Xenophora patellata (Deshayes, 1832) †
  46. Species Xenophora paulinae S. N. Nielsen & T. J. DeVries, 2002 †
  47. Species Xenophora peroniana (Iredale, 1929)
  48. Species Xenophora prognata (H. J. Finlay, 1926) †
  49. Species Xenophora reclusa (Conrad, 1854) †
  50. Species Xenophora regularis T. Habe & Okutani, 1983
  51. Species Xenophora robusta A. E. Verrill, 1870
  52. Species Xenophora scaldensis Glibert, 1958 †
  53. Species Xenophora schroeteri (Gmelin, 1791) †
  54. Species Xenophora scrutaria (R. A. Philippi, 1841) †
  55. Species Xenophora senegalensis P. Fischer, 1873
  56. Species Xenophora simpsoni Stanton, 1893 †
  57. Species Xenophora simulans Y. K. Tan, Nappo & Bouchet, 2026
  58. Species Xenophora solarioides (Reeve, 1845)
  59. Species Xenophora solida Koenen, 1867 †
  60. Species Xenophora spiralis Garvie, 2013 †
  61. Species Xenophora subconica O. Boettger, 1880 †
  62. Species Xenophora subextensa (A. d'Orbigny, 1852) †
  63. Species Xenophora tatei G. F. Harris, 1897 †
  64. Species Xenophora tenuis Fulton, 1938
  65. Species Xenophora teulearensis Pacaud & Merle, 2016 †
  66. Species Xenophora trangahinsis Basse, 1931 †
  67. Species Xenophora trinacria P. Fischer, 1879 †
  68. Species Xenophora umbilicata (Tuomey, 1854) †
  69. Species Xenophora ustjurtensis Alekseev, 1963 †
  70. Species Xenophora vasconcellosi P. E. Oliveira, 1957 †
  71. Species Xenophora willisi M. L. Webster, 1983 †
  72. Species Xenophora falsani Riche, 1904 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  73. Species Xenophora hudlestoni Riche, 1904 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  74. Species Xenophora stocki Dickerson, 1916 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  75. Species Xenophora wemmelensis Glibert, 1938 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  76. Species Xenophora zitteli C. E. Weaver, 1905 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  77. Subgenus Xenophora (Austrophora) Kreipl, Alf & Kronenberg, 1999 accepted as Austrophora Kreipl, Alf & Kronenberg, 1999 (unaccepted > superseded rank)
    1. Species Xenophora (Austrophora) flindersi (Cotton & Godfrey, 1938) accepted as Austrophora flindersi (Cotton & Godfrey, 1938)
  78. Subgenus Xenophora (Endoptygma) Gabb, 1877 † accepted as Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 (subgenus is junior synonym of genus)
    1. Species Xenophora (Endoptygma) hermax Squires & Saul, 2001 † accepted as Xenophora hermax Squires & Saul, 2001 † (subgenus not in use)
  79. Subgenus Xenophora (Stellaria) Møller, 1832 accepted as Stellaria Möller, 1832
    1. Species Xenophora (Stellaria) solaris (Linnaeus, 1764) accepted as Stellaria solaris (Linnaeus, 1764) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  80. Subgenus Xenophora (Trochotugurium) Sacco, 1896 accepted as Onustus Swainson, 1840 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
    1. Species Xenophora (Trochotugurium) subagglutinans Glibert, 1938 † accepted as Aspidophoreas subagglutinans (Glibert, 1938) † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  81. Subgenus Xenophora (Tugurium) P. Fischer, 1879 accepted as Onustus Swainson, 1840
    1. Species Xenophora (Tugurium) conica Dall, 1892 † accepted as Ponderiana conica (Dall, 1892) † (basionym)
    2. Species Xenophora (Tugurium) subextensa (A. d'Orbigny, 1852) † accepted as Xenophora subextensa (A. d'Orbigny, 1852) † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  82. Subgenus Xenophora (Xenophora) Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 accepted as Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 (subgenus not in use)
    1. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) cerea (Reeve, 1845) accepted as Xenophora cerea (Reeve, 1845) (subgenus not in use)
    2. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) conchyliophora (Born, 1780) accepted as Xenophora conchyliophora (Born, 1780) (subgenus not in use)
    3. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) corrugata (Reeve, 1842) accepted as Xenophora corrugata (Reeve, 1842) (subgenus not in use)
    4. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) crispa (König, 1825) † accepted as Xenophora crispa (König, 1825) † (subgenus not in use)
    5. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) isara Pacaud, 2016 † accepted as Xenophora isara Pacaud, 2016 † (subgenus not in use)
    6. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) japonica Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 accepted as Xenophora japonica Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 (subgenus not in use)
    7. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) josianae Pacaud, 2016 † accepted as Xenophora josianae Pacaud, 2016 † (subgenus not in use)
    8. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) konoi T. Habe, 1953 accepted as Xenophora konoi T. Habe, 1953 (subgenus not in use)
    9. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) leprosa (S. G. Morton, 1834) † accepted as Xenophora leprosa (S. G. Morton, 1834) † (subgenus not in use)
    10. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) lozoueti Pacaud, 2016 † accepted as Xenophora lozoueti Pacaud, 2016 † (subgenus not in use)
    11. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) mekranensis (R. B. Newton, 1905) accepted as Xenophora mekranensis (R. B. Newton, 1905) † (subgenus not in use)
    12. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) neozelanica Suter, 1908 accepted as Xenophora neozelanica Suter, 1908 (subgenus not in use)
    13. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) pallidula (Reeve, 1842) accepted as Xenophora pallidula (Reeve, 1842) (subgenus not in use)
    14. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) peroniana (Iredale, 1929) accepted as Xenophora peroniana (Iredale, 1929) (subgenus not in use)
    15. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) regularis T. Habe & Kosuge, 1983 accepted as Xenophora regularis T. Habe & Okutani, 1983 (subgenus not in use)
    16. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) scrutaria (R. A. Philippi, 1841) † accepted as Xenophora scrutaria (R. A. Philippi, 1841) † (subgenus not in use)
    17. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) senegalensis P. Fischer, 1873 accepted as Xenophora senegalensis P. Fischer, 1873 (subgenus not in use)
    18. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) solarioides (Reeve, 1845) accepted as Xenophora solarioides (Reeve, 1845) (subgenus not in use)
    19. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) tenuis Fulton, 1938 accepted as Xenophora tenuis Fulton, 1938 (subgenus not in use)
    20. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) teulearensis Pacaud & Merle, 2016 † accepted as Xenophora teulearensis Pacaud & Merle, 2016 † (subgenus not in use)
    21. Species Xenophora (Xenophora) wemmelensis Glibert, 1938 † accepted as Xenophora wemmelensis Glibert, 1938 † (subgenus not in use)
  83. Species Xenophora bouryi Cossmann, 1888 † accepted as Peasiella bouryi (Cossmann, 1888) † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  84. Species Xenophora cleopatrae Cuvillier, 1933 † accepted as Ponderiana cleopatrae (Cuvillier, 1933) † (original combination)
  85. Species Xenophora dunkeri K. Martin, 1879 † accepted as Aspidophoreas chinensis dunkeri (K. Martin, 1879) † (superseded combination)
  86. Species Xenophora flindersi (Cotton & Godfrey, 1938) accepted as Austrophora flindersi (Cotton & Godfrey, 1938) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  87. Species Xenophora minuta Z.-Y. Qi & X.-T. Ma, 1986 accepted as Xenophora japonica Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym, tentative synonym)
  88. Species Xenophora onusta (Nilsson, 1827) † accepted as Xenophora nilssoni Pacaud, 2016 † (unaccepted > junior homonym, junior homonym of T. onustus [Lightfoot], 1786; Xenophora nilssoni is a replacement name)
  89. Species Xenophora solaris (Linnaeus, 1764) accepted as Stellaria solaris (Linnaeus, 1764) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
marine
Fischer von Waldheim, G. (1807). <i>Museum Demidoff, ou, Catalogue systématique et raisonné des curiosités de la nature et de l'art: données à l'Université Impériale de Moscou par son excellence Monsieur Paul de Demidoff. Tome III. Végétaux et Animaux</i>. Moscow: Imprimerie de Université Impériale de Moscou. 300 pp, 6 pls. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58562487
page(s): vol. 3 p. 213 [details] OpenAccess publication
MolluscaBase eds. (2026). MolluscaBase. Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim, 1807. Accessed through: Marine Species Traits editorial board (2026) Marine Species Traits at: https://marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138664 on 2026-09-08
Marine Species Traits editorial board (2026). Marine Species Traits. Xenophora Fischer von Waldheim, 1807. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138664 on 2026-09-08
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
Gofas, Serge
2006-03-17 07:58:39Z
changed
Wambiji, Nina
2010-04-21 07:04:33Z
changed
Tran, Bastien
2013-11-06 18:49:26Z
changed
Bouchet, Philippe
2019-07-17 20:02:48Z
changed
Marshall, Bruce

original description Fischer von Waldheim, G. (1807). <i>Museum Demidoff, ou, Catalogue systématique et raisonné des curiosités de la nature et de l'art: données à l'Université Impériale de Moscou par son excellence Monsieur Paul de Demidoff. Tome III. Végétaux et Animaux</i>. Moscow: Imprimerie de Université Impériale de Moscou. 300 pp, 6 pls. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58562487
page(s): vol. 3 p. 213 [details] OpenAccess publication

original description (of Phorus Montfort, 1810) Montfort P. [Denys de]. (1808-1810). Conchyliologie systématique et classification méthodique des coquilles. <em>Paris: Schoell.</em> Vol. 1: pp. lxxxvii + 409 [1808]. Vol. 2: pp. 676 + 16 [1810 (before 28 May)]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10571
page(s): 2:158 [details] 

basis of record Kreipl K. & Alf A. (1999). Recent Xenophoridae. Conchbooks, Hackenheim > Germany. 148pp. [details] 

additional source Feinstein, N. & Cairns, S. D. (1998). Learning from the collector: A survey of azooxanthellate corals affixed by <i>Xenophora</i> (Gastropoda: Xenophoridae), with an analysis and discussion of attachment patterns. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 112(3): 73-83, figs. 1-10., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8272593 [details] Available for editors  PDF available

additional source Lyman, F. B. (1936). My discovery and observation of the living <i>Xenophora</i> in Florida waters. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 49(4): 141-142., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8527786 [details] 

additional source Manganelli G., Spadini V. & Cianfanelli S. (2004 ["2003"]). The xenophorid gastropods of the Mediterranean Pliocene: the record of the Siena Basin. <em>Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana.</em> 43(3): 409-451., available online at http://paleoitalia.org/archives/file/bollettino-spi/199 [details] Available for editors  PDF available

additional source Ponder, W. F. (1983). A revision of the Recent Xenophoridae of the World and of the Australian fossil species (Mollusca: Gastropoda). <em>Australian Museum Memoir.</em> 17: 1-126., available online at http://australianmuseum.net.au/journal/Ponder-1983-Aust-Mus-Mem-17-1126/ [details] Available for editors  PDF available

additional source Tan, Y. K., Nappo, A. & Bouchet, P. (2026). Integrative species delimitation of carrier snails (Caenogastropoda: Stromboidea: Xenophoridae) with a new genus and five new species. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 5839(3): 439-469., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5839.3.2 [details] Available for editors  PDF available

subsequent type designation Harris, G. F. (1897). Catalogue of Tertiary Mollusca in the Department of Geology, British Museum (Natural History). Part I. The Australasian Tertiary Mollusca. London: British Museum (Natural History). xxvi + 406 pp., 6 pls. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8400599 [details] 
 
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