Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Dinophysiales. Accessed through: The UK Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (2025) Marine Species of the British Isles and Adjacent Seas (MSBIAS): a checklist of species derived from the UNICORN and Marine Recorder applications at: https://www.marinespecies.org/msbias/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=109390 on 2025-05-08
The UK Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (2025). Marine Species of the British Isles and Adjacent Seas (MSBIAS): a checklist of species derived from the UNICORN and Marine Recorder applications. Dinophysiales. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/Msbias/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=109390 on 2025-05-08
basis of recordGómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. <em>Acta Bot. Croat.</em> 64(1): 129-212.[details]
additional sourceParker, S.P. (Ed.) (1982). Synopsis and classification of living organisms. McGraw Hill Book Company: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-07-079031-0. 1166, 1232 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality