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Hestetun, J.T.; Rapp, H.T. & Xavier, J. (2017). Carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from the Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge seamounts. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 137, 166-189.
299957
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.004 [view]
Hestetun, J.T.; Rapp, H.T. & Xavier, J.
2017
Carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from the Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge seamounts
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
137, 166-189
Publication
Available for editors  PDF available [request]
The family Cladorhizidae (Porifera) comprises a particularly interesting group of sponges that has developed a carnivorous feeding strategy unique within the phylum. Cladorhizids are typically considered deep-sea sponges, are frequently found at oceanic ridges and seamount systems, and new species are continuously discovered as new areas are explored. In this study we describe nine new cladorhizid sponges collected on three seamounts of the Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge (SWIOR) during the RRS “James Cook” cruise JC066: Abyssocladia boletiphora, Ab. corniculiphora, Ab. hemiradiata, Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) unguiferata, As. (A.) jamescooki, As. (A.) laminachela, As. (A.) pseudoisochela, As. (A.) ramuscula and Chondrocladia (Meliiderma) rogersi; and re- describe four species, viz. Ab. symmetrica, Ch. (M.) stipitata, Cladorhiza moruliformis and Cl. tridentata collected during the “Challenger” expedition in the Southwest Indian Ocean. Barcodes and a phylogenetic analysis showing the systematic position of the new species are included as additional information. Our results show that the cladorhizid fauna of the Southwestern Indian Ocean is diverse and seems to be bathymetrically structured with no observed overlap between the newly reported upper bathyal species (˜1000 m) and previously described lower bathyal and abyssal species from the area. While the upper bathyal SWIOR species are unique and represent a regionally endemic cladorhizid fauna, similarities in morphology and spicule characters as well as molecular evidence suggests biogeographical af?nities to species from the SW Paci?c and SW Atlantic, but no similarities to previously reported Antarctic fauna were found. A table of cladorhizid species from the Southwest Indian Ocean and neighboring areas is provided.
Indian Ocean
Systematics, Taxonomy
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2018-05-17 19:02:04Z
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2018-06-07 10:55:14Z
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Holotype BMNH 2015.6.4.1, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) pseudoisochela Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Paratype BMNH 2015.6.4.2, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) pseudoisochela Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Paratype BMNH 2015.6.4.3, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) pseudoisochela Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.1, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) jamescooki Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.10, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) ramuscula Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.2, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) laminachela Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.3, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Abyssocladia hemiradiata Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Paratype BMNH 2016.1.13.4, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) jamescooki Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Paratype BMNH 2016.1.13.5, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) unguiferata Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Paratype BMNH 2016.1.13.6, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) ramuscula Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.7, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Abyssocladia boletiphora Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.8, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Abyssocladia corniculiphora Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 2016.1.13.9, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) unguiferata Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Holotype BMNH 87.5.2.146, geounit Antarctica East Abyssal Province, identified as Cladorhiza moruliformis Ridley & Dendy, 1886
Holotype BMNH 2015.6.4.4, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Chondrocladia (Meliiderma) rogersi Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Paratype BMNH 2015.6.4.5, geounit Indian Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Chondrocladia (Meliiderma) rogersi Hestetun, Rapp & Xavier, 2017
Lectotype BMNH 87.5.2.16.843, geounit Subantarctic Lower Bathyal Province, identified as Cladorhiza tridentata Ridley & Dendy, 1886
Holotype BMNH 87.5.2.179, geounit Prince Edward Islands, identified as Esperiopsis symmetrica Ridley & Dendy, 1886
Holotype BMNH 87.5.2.191, geounit Crozet Islands, identified as Chondrocladia (Meliiderma) stipitata Ridley & Dendy, 1886


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