WoRMS taxon details
Hydractinia Van Beneden, 1844
117117 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:117117)
accepted
Genus
Cionistes Wright, 1861 · unaccepted (synonym)
Echinochorium Hassall, 1841 · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
Halorhiza Stechow, 1962 · unaccepted
Hydractinia (Euhydractinia) Broch, 1910 · unaccepted
Hydrodendrium Nutting, 1906 · unaccepted (synonym)
Hydronema Stechow, 1921 · unaccepted (invalid junior homonym of...)
invalid junior homonym of Hydronema Martynow, 1914 [Trichoptera]
Nuttingia Stechow, 1909 · unaccepted (invalid replacement name for...)
invalid replacement name for Hydrodendrium Nutting, 1905
Podocorella Stechow, 1921 · unaccepted
Synhydra Quatrefages, 1843 · unaccepted (not in use)
- Species Hydractinia aculeata (Wagner, 1833)
- Species Hydractinia aggregata Fraser, 1911
- Species Hydractinia altispina Millard, 1955
- Species Hydractinia angusta Hartlaub, 1904
- Species Hydractinia arctica (Jäderholm, 1902)
- Species Hydractinia arge (Clarke, 1882)
- Species Hydractinia armata Fraser, 1940
- Species Hydractinia bayeri Hirohito, 1984
- Species Hydractinia betkensis (Watson, 1978)
- Species Hydractinia brachyurae (Hirohito, 1988)
- Species Hydractinia californica Torrey, 1904
- Species Hydractinia canalifera Millard, 1957
- Species Hydractinia carica Bergh, 1887
- Species Hydractinia carolinae Fraser, 1912
- Species Hydractinia cryptogonia Hirohito, 1988
- Species Hydractinia cytaeiformis Vervoort, 2006
- Species Hydractinia dendritica Hickson & Gravely, 1907
- Species Hydractinia diogenes Millard, 1959
- Species Hydractinia disjuncta Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828)
- Species Hydractinia epidocleensis Leloup, 1931
- Species Hydractinia epispongia Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia galeai Calder & Watling, 2021
- Species Hydractinia gelinea Watson, 2015
- Species Hydractinia gorgonoides (Nutting, 1906)
- Species Hydractinia granulata Hirohito, 1988
- Species Hydractinia hancocki Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia ingolfi (Kramp, 1932)
- Species Hydractinia kaffraria Millard, 1955
- Species Hydractinia laevispina Fraser, 1922
- Species Hydractinia longispina Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia mar (Gasca & Calder, 1993)
- Species Hydractinia marsupialia Millard, 1975
- Species Hydractinia michaelseni Broch, 1914
- Species Hydractinia minoi (Alcock, 1892)
- Species Hydractinia monocarpa Allman, 1876
- Species Hydractinia monoon (Hirohito, 1988)
- Species Hydractinia multispina Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia multitentaculata (Millard, 1975)
- Species Hydractinia munita (Calder, 2010)
- Species Hydractinia nagaoensis Bouillon, Medel & Peña Cantero, 1997
- Species Hydractinia novaezelandiae Schuchert, 1996
- Species Hydractinia otagoensis (Schuchert, 1996)
- Species Hydractinia pacifica Hartlaub, 1905
- Species Hydractinia parvispina Hartlaub, 1905
- Species Hydractinia paucispinata Vervoort, 2006
- Species Hydractinia phialiformis (Antsulevich, 1983)
- Species Hydractinia piscicola (Komai, 1932)
- Species Hydractinia polycarpa Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia polyclina L. Agassiz, 1860
- Species Hydractinia proboscidea (Hincks, 1868)
- Species Hydractinia promiscua Galea & Ferry, 2015
- Species Hydractinia quadrigemina Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia rugosa Fraser, 1938
- Species Hydractinia sandrae (Wedler & Larson, 1986)
- Species Hydractinia sarsii (Steenstrup, 1850)
- Species Hydractinia spinipapillaris (Hirohito, 1988)
- Species Hydractinia spiralis Goto, 1910
- Species Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus Buss & Yund, 1989
- Species Hydractinia symbiopollicaris Buss & Yund, 1989
- Species Hydractinia valens Fraser, 1941
- Species Hydractinia vallini Jäderholm, 1926
- Species Hydractinia verdi Ritchie, 1907
- Species Hydractinia yerii (Iwasa, 1934)
- Subgenus Hydractinia (Euhydractinia) Broch, 1910 accepted as Hydractinia Van Beneden, 1844
- Subgenus Hydractinia (Stylactis) Allman, 1864 accepted as Stylactis Allman, 1864
- Species Hydractinia (Stylactis) ingolfi Kramp, 1932 accepted as Hydractinia ingolfi (Kramp, 1932)
- Species Hydractinia alderi (Hodge, 1863) accepted as Podocoryna alderi Hodge, 1863 (unaccepted > superseded combination, species inquirenda)
- Species Hydractinia allmanii Bonnevie, 1898 accepted as Schuchertinia allmanii (Bonnevie, 1898) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia americana (Mayer, 1910) accepted as Podocoryna americana (Mayer, 1910) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia anechinata (Ritchie, 1907) accepted as Podocoryna anechinata Ritchie, 1907
- Species Hydractinia antonii Miglietta, 2006 accepted as Schuchertinia antonii (Miglietta, 2006) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia apicata (Kramp, 1959) accepted as Podocoryna apicata Kramp, 1959
- Species Hydractinia areolata Alder, 1862 accepted as Podocoryna areolata (Alder, 1862) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia australis (Schuchert, 1996) accepted as Podocoryna australis Schuchert, 1996
- Species Hydractinia bella (Hand, 1961) accepted as Podocoryna bella Hand, 1961 (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia borealis (Mayer, 1900) accepted as Podocoryna borealis (Mayer, 1900) (unaccepted > superseded combination, genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia borealis (Mereschkowsky, 1878) accepted as Oorhiza borealis Mereschkowsky, 1878
- Species Hydractinia calcarea Carter, 1877 accepted as Hydrocorella calcarea (Carter, 1977) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia calderi Bouillon, Medel & Peña Cantero, 1997 accepted as Hydractinia proboscidea (Hincks, 1868) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym, synonym)
- Species Hydractinia carcinicola (Hiro, 1939) accepted as Bouillonactinia carcinicola (Hiro, 1939) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia carnea (M. Sars, 1846) accepted as Podocoryna carnea M. Sars, 1846 (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia clavata Jäderholm, 1905 accepted as Perarella clavata (Jäderholm, 1905) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia claviformis (Bouillon, 1965) accepted as Hydractinia proboscidea (Hincks, 1868) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym, synonym)
- Species Hydractinia conchicola (Yamada, 1947) accepted as Schuchertinia conchicola (Yamada, 1947) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia constrictura Huang, Xu & Guo, 2015 (unaccepted > unavailable name, electronic publication only, not registered in Zoobank)
- Species Hydractinia denhami (Thornely, 1904) accepted as Podocoryna denhami Thornely, 1904
- Species Hydractinia dongshanensis Xu & Huang, 2006 accepted as Podocoryna dongshanensis (Xu & Huang, 2006) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia dubia (Mayer, 1900) accepted as Podocoryna dubia (Mayer, 1900)
- Species Hydractinia epiconcha Stechow, 1908 accepted as Schuchertinia epiconcha (Stechow, 1908) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia exigua (Haeckel, 1880) accepted as Podocoryna exigua (Haeckel, 1880) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia fallax Broch, 1914 accepted as Perarella fallax (Broch, 1914) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia fucicola (Sars, 1857) accepted as Stylactis fucicola (M. Sars, 1857)
- Species Hydractinia fuciola (M. Sars, 1857) accepted as Hydractinia fucicola (Sars, 1857) accepted as Stylactis fucicola (M. Sars, 1857) (spelling error)
- Species Hydractinia grisea Leuckart, 1847 accepted as Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Hydractinia guangxiensis Huang, Li & Zhang, 2010 accepted as Podocoryna guangxiensis (Huang, Li & Zhang, 2010) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia hayamaensis (Hirohito, 1988) accepted as Podocoryna hayamaensis Hirohito, 1988 (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia hooperii (Sigerfoos, 1899) accepted as Bouillonactinia hooperii (Sigerfoos, 1899) (unaccepted > superseded combination, genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia humilis (Hartlaub, 1905) accepted as Podocoryna humilis Hartlaub, 1905 accepted as Podocoryna tenuis (Browne, 1902) (secondary junior homonym of Hydractinia humilis Bonnevie, 1898)
- Species Hydractinia inabai (Hirohito, 1988) accepted as Bouillonactinia misakiensis (Iwasa, 1934) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Hydractinia inermis (Allman, 1872) accepted as Stylactis inermis Allman, 1872 (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia lactea Van Beneden, 1844 accepted as Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Hydractinia leizhouensis Huang, Zhang & Yang, 2020 accepted as Podocoryna leizhouensis (Huang, Zhang & Yang, 2020) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia meteoris (Thiel, 1938) accepted as Paracytaeis meteoris (Thiel, 1938)
- Species Hydractinia milleri Torrey, 1902 accepted as Schuchertinia milleri (Torrey, 1902) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia minima (Trinci, 1903) accepted as Podocorynoides minima (Trinci, 1903)
- Species Hydractinia minuta Bonnevie, 1898 accepted as Hydractinia carica Bergh, 1887 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Hydractinia minuta (Mayer, 1900) accepted as Lizzia blondina Forbes, 1848 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym, invalid homonym of Hydractinia minuta Bonnevie, 1898)
- Species Hydractinia misakiensis (Iwasa, 1934) accepted as Bouillonactinia misakiensis (Iwasa, 1934) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia moniliformis Huang, Zhong & Zhang, 2010 accepted as Podocoryna moniliformis (Huang, Zhong & Zhang, 2010) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia multigranosi (Namikawa, 1991) accepted as Bouillonactinia multigranosi (Namikawa, 1991) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia nassa (Millard, 1959) accepted as Cytaeis nassa (Millard, 1959) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia ocellata (Agassiz & Mayer, 1902) accepted as Podocoryna ocellata (Agassiz & Mayer, 1902) (misspelling of genus)
- Species Hydractinia ornata Bonnevie, 1899 accepted as Hydractinia allmanii Bonnevie, 1898 accepted as Schuchertinia allmanii (Bonnevie, 1898) (synonym)
- Species Hydractinia phyllosoma Huang & Xu, 2015 (unaccepted > unavailable name, electronic publication only, not registered in Zoobank)
- Species Hydractinia polytentaculata Xu & Huang, 2006 accepted as Podocoryna polytentaculata (Xu & Huang, 2006) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia prolifica Fraser, 1948 accepted as Hydractinia rugosa Fraser, 1938 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Hydractinia pruvoti Motz-Kossowska, 1905 accepted as Podocoryna pruvoti (Motz-Kossowska, 1905)
- Species Hydractinia recurvatus Lin, Xu, Huang & Wang, 2010 accepted as Podocoryna recurvata (Lin, Xu, Huang & Wang, 2010) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia reticulata (Fraser, 1938) accepted as Podocoryna reticulata (Fraser, 1938) (invalid secondary homonym of Hydractina reticulata (Wright, 1861))
- Species Hydractinia reticulata (Hirohito, 1988) accepted as Schuchertinia reticulata (Hirohito, 1988) (secondary homonym of Hydractina reticulata (Wright, 1861))
- Species Hydractinia rosea Van Beneden, 1844 accepted as Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Hydractinia rubricata Schuchert, 1996 accepted as Clavactinia rubricata (Schuchert, 1996) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia sagamiensis (Hirohito, 1988) accepted as Cytaeis sagamiensis (Hirohito, 1988) (genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia selena (Mills, 1976) accepted as Hydractinia americana (Mayer, 1910) accepted as Podocoryna americana (Mayer, 1910) (synonym)
- Species Hydractinia serrata Kramp, 1943 accepted as Clavactinia serrata (Kramp, 1943) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia sodalis Stimpson, 1858 accepted as Hydrissa sodalis (Stimpson, 1858) (basionym)
- Species Hydractinia spiralis Lin, Xu, Huang & Wang, 2010 accepted as Hydractinia taiwanensis Xu, Huang, Lin, Guo & Wang, 2014 accepted as Podocoryna taiwanensis (Xu, Huang, Lin, Guo & Wang, 2014) (invalid junior homonym of Hydractinia spiralis Goto, 1910)
- Species Hydractinia taiwanensis Xu, Huang, Lin, Guo & Wang, 2014 accepted as Podocoryna taiwanensis (Xu, Huang, Lin, Guo & Wang, 2014) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia tenuis (Browne, 1902) accepted as Podocoryna tenuis (Browne, 1902) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia tournieri (Picard & Rahm, 1954) accepted as Cnidostoma fallax Vanhöffen, 1911 (synonym)
- Species Hydractinia uchidai (Yamada, 1947) accepted as Schuchertinia uchidai (Yamada, 1947) (unaccepted > superseded combination, genus transfer)
- Species Hydractinia uchidai Nagao, 1961 accepted as Hydractinia nagaoensis Bouillon, Medel & Peña Cantero, 1997
- Species Hydractinia uniformis Stampar, Tronolone & Morandini, 2006 accepted as Podocoryna uniformis (Stampar, Tronolone & Morandini, 2006) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Hydractinia vacuolata Xu & Huang, 2006 accepted as Turritopsis vacuolata (Xu & Huang, 2006) (wrong genus)
- Species Hydractinia humilis Bonnevie, 1898 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Hydractinia incerta Van Beneden, 1867 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Hydractinia reticulata (Wright, 1861) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Hydractinia siphonis (Stechow, 1921) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Hydractinia solitaria Van Beneden, 1867 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Hydractinia tenuissima Van Beneden, 1867 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Beneden, P.J. van. (1844). Sur les genres Eleutherie et Synhydre. <em>Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles.</em> 11: 305-314., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15742170
page(s): 314 [details]
page(s): 314 [details]
Schuchert, P.; Choong, H.; Galea, H.; Hoeksema, B.; Lindsay, D.; Manko, M.; Pica, D. (2025). World Hydrozoa Database. Hydractinia Van Beneden, 1844. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=117117 on 2025-05-03
Date
action
by
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 License
Nomenclature
original description
Beneden, P.J. van. (1844). Sur les genres Eleutherie et Synhydre. <em>Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles.</em> 11: 305-314., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15742170
page(s): 314 [details]
original description (of Echinochorium Hassall, 1841) Hassall, A. H. (1841). Supplement to a catalogue of Irish Zoophytes. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 7: 276-287, 363-374, pls 6-10., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2315000
page(s): 371 [details]
original description (of Synhydra Quatrefages, 1843) Quatrefages A.D. (1843). Mémoire sur la Synhydre parasite (Synhydra parasites Nob.) nouveau genre de Polypes voisin des Hydres. <em>Annales des Sciences naturelles (2).</em> 20: 230-248, pls 8-9., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13405877
page(s): 232 [details]
original description (of Hydrodendrium Nutting, 1906) Nutting, C. C. 1906. Hydroids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. - Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission for 1903 23: 931-959, pls 1-13., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691623
page(s): 936 [details]
original description (of Nuttingia Stechow, 1909) Stechow, E. 1909a. Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostküste. I. Teil: Athecata und Plumularidae. In: F. Doflein, Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Phyikalische Klasse der Königlichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Supplement Band 1: 1-111, plates 1-7.
page(s): 10 [details]
original description (of Hydractinia (Euhydractinia) Broch, 1910) Broch, H. 1910. Die Hydroiden der Arktischen Meere. - Fauna Arctica 5: 127-248, plates 2-4., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7161644
page(s): 141 [details]
original description (of Hydronema Stechow, 1921) Stechow, E. (1921d). Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. <em>Archiv für Naturgeschichte.</em> 87: 248-265., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45494398
page(s): 252 [details]
original description (of Cionistes Wright, 1861) Wright, T. S. (1861). Observations on British Protozoa and zoophytes. <em>The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology.</em> 3(8): 120-135., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/60913#/summary
page(s): 123 [details]
original description (of Podocorella Stechow, 1921) Stechow, E. (1921d). Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. <em>Archiv für Naturgeschichte.</em> 87: 248-265., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45494398
page(s): 250 [details]
original description (of Halorhiza Stechow, 1962) Stechow E. (1962). Über skelettbildende Hydrozoen. <em>Zoologischer Anzeiger.</em> 169: 416-428.
page(s): 417 [details] Available for editors
[request]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
page(s): 314 [details]
original description (of Echinochorium Hassall, 1841) Hassall, A. H. (1841). Supplement to a catalogue of Irish Zoophytes. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 7: 276-287, 363-374, pls 6-10., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2315000
page(s): 371 [details]
original description (of Synhydra Quatrefages, 1843) Quatrefages A.D. (1843). Mémoire sur la Synhydre parasite (Synhydra parasites Nob.) nouveau genre de Polypes voisin des Hydres. <em>Annales des Sciences naturelles (2).</em> 20: 230-248, pls 8-9., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13405877
page(s): 232 [details]
original description (of Hydrodendrium Nutting, 1906) Nutting, C. C. 1906. Hydroids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. - Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission for 1903 23: 931-959, pls 1-13., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691623
page(s): 936 [details]
original description (of Nuttingia Stechow, 1909) Stechow, E. 1909a. Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostküste. I. Teil: Athecata und Plumularidae. In: F. Doflein, Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Phyikalische Klasse der Königlichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Supplement Band 1: 1-111, plates 1-7.
page(s): 10 [details]
original description (of Hydractinia (Euhydractinia) Broch, 1910) Broch, H. 1910. Die Hydroiden der Arktischen Meere. - Fauna Arctica 5: 127-248, plates 2-4., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7161644
page(s): 141 [details]
original description (of Hydronema Stechow, 1921) Stechow, E. (1921d). Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. <em>Archiv für Naturgeschichte.</em> 87: 248-265., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45494398
page(s): 252 [details]
original description (of Cionistes Wright, 1861) Wright, T. S. (1861). Observations on British Protozoa and zoophytes. <em>The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology.</em> 3(8): 120-135., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/60913#/summary
page(s): 123 [details]
original description (of Podocorella Stechow, 1921) Stechow, E. (1921d). Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. <em>Archiv für Naturgeschichte.</em> 87: 248-265., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45494398
page(s): 250 [details]
original description (of Halorhiza Stechow, 1962) Stechow E. (1962). Über skelettbildende Hydrozoen. <em>Zoologischer Anzeiger.</em> 169: 416-428.
page(s): 417 [details] Available for editors
[request]basis of record van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
Other
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source NODC. (1997). NODC Taxonomic codes. [details]
additional source Schuchert, P. (2008). The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 3. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 115: 221-302.
page(s): 223 [details]
additional source Bouillon, J.; Boero, F. (2000). Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hydromedusae of the world, with a list of the worldwide species. <i>Thalassia Salent. 24</i>: 47-296 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source NODC. (1997). NODC Taxonomic codes. [details]
additional source Schuchert, P. (2008). The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 3. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 115: 221-302.
page(s): 223 [details]
additional source Bouillon, J.; Boero, F. (2000). Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hydromedusae of the world, with a list of the worldwide species. <i>Thalassia Salent. 24</i>: 47-296 (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Publication date The valid introduction of the name Hydractinia is 1844 and not 1841, see Calder (2010). See also for this publication for de invalidation of senior synonyms. [details]
