Copepoda taxon details
Cryptocyclops Sars G.O., 1927
254315 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:254315)
accepted
Genus
Cryptocyclops bicolor (Sars G.O., 1863) (type by original designation)
- Species Cryptocyclops attenuatus (Sars G.O., 1909)
- Species Cryptocyclops bicolor (Sars G.O., 1863)
- Subspecies Cryptocyclops bicolor bicolor (Sars G.O., 1863)
- Subspecies Cryptocyclops bicolor breviramus (Fryer, 1957)
- Subspecies Cryptocyclops bicolor breviramus Fryer, 1957
- Subspecies Cryptocyclops bicolor linjanticus (Kiefer, 1928) accepted as Cryptocyclops linjanticus (Kiefer, 1928)
- Species Cryptocyclops caudatus Sars G.O., 1927
- Species Cryptocyclops exiguus (Sars G.O., 1909)
- Species Cryptocyclops falsus (Kiefer, 1929)
- Species Cryptocyclops gemellus Gurney, 1928
- Species Cryptocyclops inchoatus Shen & Sung, 1965
- Species Cryptocyclops intermedius (Shen & Tai, 1964)
- Species Cryptocyclops javanus (Kiefer, 1930)
- Species Cryptocyclops kentanensis (Harada, 1931)
- Species Cryptocyclops levis Kiefer, 1952
- Species Cryptocyclops linjanticus (Kiefer, 1928)
- Subspecies Cryptocyclops linjanticus micrura Dussart, 1974 accepted as Cryptocyclops linjanticus (Kiefer, 1928) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops longiarticulatus (Shen & Tai, 1964)
- Species Cryptocyclops nyasae (Fryer, 1957)
- Species Cryptocyclops symoensi Kiefer, 1956
- Species Cryptocyclops tanganicae (Gurney, 1928)
- Species Cryptocyclops tricolor (Lindberg, 1937)
- Species Cryptocyclops uviranus Kiefer, 1958
- Species Cryptocyclops anceps (Richard, 1897) accepted as Microcyclops anceps (Richard, 1897) represented as Microcyclops anceps anceps (Richard, 1897) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops anninae (Menzel, 1926) accepted as Bryocyclops anninae (Menzel, 1926) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops assimilis Sars G.O., 1927 accepted as Metacyclops necessarius (Kiefer, 1926)
- Species Cryptocyclops brevifurca Lowndes, 1934 accepted as Neutrocyclops brevifurca (Lowndes, 1934) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops crassipes Sars G.O., 1927 accepted as Microcyclops crassipes (Sars G.O., 1927) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops elongatus Lowndes, 1934 accepted as Microcyclops elongatus (Lowndes, 1934) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops inopinatus Sars G.O., 1927 accepted as Microcyclops inopinatus (Sars G.O., 1927) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops jenkinae Lowndes, 1933 accepted as Microcyclops jenkinae (Lowndes, 1933) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops laticornis Lowndes, 1934 accepted as Microcyclops laticornis (Lowndes, 1934) accepted as Metacyclops laticornis (Lowndes, 1934) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1892) accepted as Microcyclops mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1892) accepted as Metacyclops mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1892) represented as Metacyclops mendocinus mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1892) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops rubellus (Lilljeborg, 1901) accepted as Cyclops rubellus Lilljeborg, 1901 accepted as Microcyclops rubellus (Lilljeborg, 1901)
- Species Cryptocyclops tredecimus Lowndes, 1934 accepted as Metacyclops tredecimus (Lowndes, 1934) (synonym)
- Species Cryptocyclops varicans (Sars G.O., 1863) accepted as Microcyclops varicans (Sars G.O., 1863) represented as Microcyclops varicans varicans (Sars G.O., 1863) (synonym)
Sars, G.O. (1927). The freshwater Entomostraca of the Cape Province (Union of South Africa). Part III: Copepoda. <em>Annals of the South African Museum.</em> 25(5): 85-149. [details] Available for editors 
(of Cyclops bicolor Sars G.O., 1863) Sars, G.O. (1863). Oversigt af de indenlandske Ferskvandcopepoder. <em>Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana.</em> 1862:212-262. [details]
(of Cyclops bicolor Sars G.O., 1863) Sars, G.O. (1863). Oversigt af de indenlandske Ferskvandcopepoder. <em>Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana.</em> 1862:212-262. [details]
Taxonomic remark Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis...
Taxonomic remark Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as...
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro-...
Taxonomic remark Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars.
Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5).
ICZN 67.5
“Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus".
Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species.
Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades.
remarks of Maria Holynska Feb 2023 [details]
Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5).
ICZN 67.5
“Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus".
Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species.
Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades.
remarks of Maria Holynska Feb 2023 [details]
Taxonomic remark Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as...
Taxonomic remark Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types:
“Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars”
Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid.
Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023 [details]
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types:
“Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars”
Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid.
Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023 [details]
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro-...
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro- and Cyrpto- cyclops, this is only a background informational summary of the current understanding of the two genera and their common and different affinities.
"Claus (1893) erected the genus Microcyclops, which included the species: M. diaphanus G.O.Sars (=M. minutus Claus), gracilis Lilljeborg, bicolor G.O. Sars, varicans G.O. Sars. Claus (1893) did not designate the type species.
Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars.
Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5).
ICZN 67.5
“Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus".
Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species.
Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades.
Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types:
“Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars”
Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid.
Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023
Kiefer 1939 [“Yale North India Expedition”] used the classification Microcyclops (Cryptocyclops) for the species linjanticus
Kiefer 1952 [“Exploration du Parc National Albert Mission H. Damas (1935-1936)”]
The classification applied,“Gattung Cryptocyclops Sars, 1927”
Kiefer wrote as follows
In meiner Arbeit uber die freilebenden Ruderfusskrebse der “Yale North India Expedition” (Kiefer, 1939 habe ich die bis dahin gebrauchlichen Untergattungen innerhalb der Familie der Cyclopidae zu selbstandingen Gattungen erhoben. Lediglich die Gattung Microcyclops ist damals noch zwei Untergattungen aufgeteilt geblieben, namlich in Microcyclops s. str. un Cryptocyclops. Heute scheint es mir angebracht, auch diese beiden Gruppen noch als letze zu verselbstandigen. Die varicans-Verwandten sind im Genus Microcyclops Claus 1893, zusammenzufassen. Fur die bicolor-Ahnlichen aber ist die Bezeichnung Cryptocyclops Sars 1927 als Gattungnamen anzuwenden. ...Typus der Gattung Microcyclops ist M. varicans (Sars), Genotypus von Cryptocyclops die Art bicolor (Sars).”
“In my work on the free-living copepods of the Yale North India Expedition (Kiefer, 1939), I elevated the previously used subgenera within the family Cyclopidae to independent genera. Only the genus Microcyclops remained divided into two subgenera, namely Microcyclops s. str. and Cryptocyclops [it was mentioned as Cryptocyclops “Untergattung S [details]
"Claus (1893) erected the genus Microcyclops, which included the species: M. diaphanus G.O.Sars (=M. minutus Claus), gracilis Lilljeborg, bicolor G.O. Sars, varicans G.O. Sars. Claus (1893) did not designate the type species.
Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars.
Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5).
ICZN 67.5
“Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus".
Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species.
Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades.
Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types:
“Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars”
Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid.
Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023
Kiefer 1939 [“Yale North India Expedition”] used the classification Microcyclops (Cryptocyclops) for the species linjanticus
Kiefer 1952 [“Exploration du Parc National Albert Mission H. Damas (1935-1936)”]
The classification applied,“Gattung Cryptocyclops Sars, 1927”
Kiefer wrote as follows
In meiner Arbeit uber die freilebenden Ruderfusskrebse der “Yale North India Expedition” (Kiefer, 1939 habe ich die bis dahin gebrauchlichen Untergattungen innerhalb der Familie der Cyclopidae zu selbstandingen Gattungen erhoben. Lediglich die Gattung Microcyclops ist damals noch zwei Untergattungen aufgeteilt geblieben, namlich in Microcyclops s. str. un Cryptocyclops. Heute scheint es mir angebracht, auch diese beiden Gruppen noch als letze zu verselbstandigen. Die varicans-Verwandten sind im Genus Microcyclops Claus 1893, zusammenzufassen. Fur die bicolor-Ahnlichen aber ist die Bezeichnung Cryptocyclops Sars 1927 als Gattungnamen anzuwenden. ...Typus der Gattung Microcyclops ist M. varicans (Sars), Genotypus von Cryptocyclops die Art bicolor (Sars).”
“In my work on the free-living copepods of the Yale North India Expedition (Kiefer, 1939), I elevated the previously used subgenera within the family Cyclopidae to independent genera. Only the genus Microcyclops remained divided into two subgenera, namely Microcyclops s. str. and Cryptocyclops [it was mentioned as Cryptocyclops “Untergattung S [details]
Walter, T.C.; Boxshall, G. (2024). World of Copepods Database. Cryptocyclops Sars G.O., 1927. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/copepoda/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=254315 on 2024-04-19
Date
action
by
original description
Sars, G.O. (1927). The freshwater Entomostraca of the Cape Province (Union of South Africa). Part III: Copepoda. <em>Annals of the South African Museum.</em> 25(5): 85-149. [details] Available for editors
original description (of Cyclops bicolor Sars G.O., 1863) Sars, G.O. (1863). Oversigt af de indenlandske Ferskvandcopepoder. <em>Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana.</em> 1862:212-262. [details]
basis of record Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Walter, T. Chad. The World of Copepods. International online database. , available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/copepoda [details]
additional source Monchenko, V.I. (1974). Shchelepnoroti tsiklopodiny, tsiklopi (Cyclopidae). Gnathostoma, Cyclopoida, (Cyclopidae). <em>Fauna Ukrainy, Fauna of Ukraine, Vidavnitstvo Naukova Dumka, Kiev.</em> 27(3):1-452, figs. 1-142. (28-vi-1974, Ukrainian). [details] Available for editors
original description (of Cyclops bicolor Sars G.O., 1863) Sars, G.O. (1863). Oversigt af de indenlandske Ferskvandcopepoder. <em>Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana.</em> 1862:212-262. [details]
basis of record Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Walter, T. Chad. The World of Copepods. International online database. , available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/copepoda [details]
additional source Monchenko, V.I. (1974). Shchelepnoroti tsiklopodiny, tsiklopi (Cyclopidae). Gnathostoma, Cyclopoida, (Cyclopidae). <em>Fauna Ukrainy, Fauna of Ukraine, Vidavnitstvo Naukova Dumka, Kiev.</em> 27(3):1-452, figs. 1-142. (28-vi-1974, Ukrainian). [details] Available for editors
From editor or global species database
Taxonomic remark Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars.Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5).
ICZN 67.5
“Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus".
Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species.
Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades.
remarks of Maria Holynska Feb 2023 [details]
Taxonomic remark Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types:
“Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars”
Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid.
Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023 [details]
Taxonomic remark These comments are from Maria Holynska, 3/1/2023, they are the result of her current understanding of the history of Micro- and Cyrpto- cyclops, this is only a background informational summary of the current understanding of the two genera and their common and different affinities.
"Claus (1893) erected the genus Microcyclops, which included the species: M. diaphanus G.O.Sars (=M. minutus Claus), gracilis Lilljeborg, bicolor G.O. Sars, varicans G.O. Sars. Claus (1893) did not designate the type species.
Sars (1927) erected the genus Cryptocyclops, which included the species: varicans G.O. Sars, bicolor G.O. Sars, C. gracilis Lilljeborg, attenuatus G.O. Sars, exiguus G.O. Sars, cunnningtoni G.O. Sars, pachycomus G.O. Sars, assimilis G.O. Sars, crassipes G.O. Sars, caudatus G.O. Sars, inopinatus G.O. Sars.
Sars (1927) wrote about Cryptocyclops assimilis “allied to the typical species C. varicans G.O. Sars,” Such a wording, however, is ambiguous and should not be considered as unequivocal designation of the type species (see below article ICZN 67.5).
ICZN 67.5
“Examples. A statement such as any of the following is not to be regarded as a type designation in the meaning of the Code: "Aus xus is a typical example of the genus Aus"; "the venation of the anterior wings of Aus xus is typical of the genus Aus"; "Aus xus may possibly be the type of Aus".
Microcyclops and Cryptocyclops are not objective synonyms, which would be the case if they would have had the same type species.
Sars’ Cryptocyclops includes the species in Claus’s Microcyclops; therefore Microcyclops was considered as senior (subjective) synonym in next few decades.
Kiefer 1929 [“Zur Kenntnis einiger Artengruppen der Süsswasser-Cyclopiden”] considered Sars’ Cryptocyclops as “completely identical” with Microcyclops, yet in this same work he distinguished two lineages within Microcyclops, namely varicans and bicolor.
“Wie oben die in der untergattung Microcyclops vereinigten Formen sich in zwei naturliche aste gliederten [varicans and bicolor]
Kiefer 1929 [“Crustacea Copepoda II Cyclopoida Gnathostoma”] used the classification Genus Cyclops, Subgenus Microcyclops and designated two(!) types:
“Typen: C. (M.) varicans O. Sars und C. (M.) bicolor O. Sars”
Designation of these two types corresponds to Kiefer’s opinion about the two evolutionary lineages within Microcyclops, yet two species cannot be designated as a type of single (sub)genus, therefore the type designation in Kiefer, 1929 cannot be considered as valid.
Remarks from Maria Holynska Feb 2023
Kiefer 1939 [“Yale North India Expedition”] used the classification Microcyclops (Cryptocyclops) for the species linjanticus
Kiefer 1952 [“Exploration du Parc National Albert Mission H. Damas (1935-1936)”]
The classification applied,“Gattung Cryptocyclops Sars, 1927”
Kiefer wrote as follows
In meiner Arbeit uber die freilebenden Ruderfusskrebse der “Yale North India Expedition” (Kiefer, 1939 habe ich die bis dahin gebrauchlichen Untergattungen innerhalb der Familie der Cyclopidae zu selbstandingen Gattungen erhoben. Lediglich die Gattung Microcyclops ist damals noch zwei Untergattungen aufgeteilt geblieben, namlich in Microcyclops s. str. un Cryptocyclops. Heute scheint es mir angebracht, auch diese beiden Gruppen noch als letze zu verselbstandigen. Die varicans-Verwandten sind im Genus Microcyclops Claus 1893, zusammenzufassen. Fur die bicolor-Ahnlichen aber ist die Bezeichnung Cryptocyclops Sars 1927 als Gattungnamen anzuwenden. ...Typus der Gattung Microcyclops ist M. varicans (Sars), Genotypus von Cryptocyclops die Art bicolor (Sars).”
“In my work on the free-living copepods of the Yale North India Expedition (Kiefer, 1939), I elevated the previously used subgenera within the family Cyclopidae to independent genera. Only the genus Microcyclops remained divided into two subgenera, namely Microcyclops s. str. and Cryptocyclops [it was mentioned as Cryptocyclops “Untergattung S [details]
