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CaRMS taxon detailsAlexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) Horiguchi ex K.Yuki & Y.Fukuyo, 1992
109713 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:109713)
accepted
Species
marine,
(of ) Biecheler, B. (1952). Recherches sur les Péridiniens. <em>Bulletin biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Supplément.</em> 36: 1-149. [details]
Note Sète (France)
From regional or thematic species database
Type locality Sète (France) [details]
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:52016
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:52016 [details] Description The cell is medium- to large-sized and irregularly pentagonal- shaped. The short, convex, wide, and dome-shaped epitheca is...
Description The cell is medium- to large-sized and irregularly pentagonal- shaped. The short, convex, wide, and dome-shaped epitheca is rather irregular and approximately equivalent to one-third of a sphere. The hypotheca is somewhat longer with a slight antapical concavity thai is wide and slopes up to right. The descending cingulum (0.75-1) has practically no lists and is barely excavated. The 1' appears as the first precingular and is completely disconnected from the PO. It is wider anteriorly. The anterior margin is sloped to the right and is interrupted by a big notch or ""ventral pore"" that is wider than long. The left margin is divided into a short anterior segment that is one quarter to one half of the total length and oblique to the left. The posterior segment is sinuous and oblique inward. The posterior margin is reinforced and short. The anterior two-thirds of the right margin is straight, while the posterior third is oblique, concave, and reinforced to form the left side of an asymmetrical notch. The anterior part of the S.a is located in the notch. The right margin of this notch is formed by the 6"". The remaining apical plates are typical of Alexandrium. It should be noted that the right margin of 3' is about half the length of the left margin. The PO is oval and rather regular. In some specimens, its right margin tends to be straight, but in others, it is almost as convex as the left one. The dorsal side is regularly curved, sometimes it may be pointed or flat. The ventral end is always pointed. In some specimens, the foramen is a fishhook-shaped groove with a short right hook, in others, the foramen is a poorly defined, narrow comma with a barely evident callus. In the plate periphery around the comma or hook, numerous, irregular pores are present. In the hypotheca, 1"""" is large and wider than long with a slightly reinforced sulcal edge. 2"""" is large, pentagonal, and almost completely located in the left side of the hypotheca. The sulcus has several distinct peculiarities. It lacks lateral lists. It penetrates somewhat into the epitheca in an asymmetrical way, oblique towards the right. The S.p. is very large, very lateral, and directed obliquely to the right. The S.s.a. is very large with strongly reinforced anterior and right margins; it clearly has hypothecal characteristics. The S.a. has a quite long, irregular precingular portion that is not delimited posteriorly by a crossbar or dividing bar. The body ofthe plate expands left below the anterior cingular margin. The left branch, with a somewhat oblique posterior margin, is rather wider than the unciform apophysis. The S.p. is very irregular. It has an asymmetric ventral notch and a somewhat irregular oblique branch that makes the left ventral side different from the right ventral side. The S.s.p. is a short trapezoid that is wider posteriorly (more than twofold) than anteriorly. The posterior-left corner is truncated. The anterior-right corner is prolonged in a thin apophysis that is sharp-pointed and quite long (0.5 of the plate body's height). The S.s.a, is an horizontal left portion and an oblique right portion that supports the S.m.a. The internal margin is straight, rather long, and also reinforced. The two oblique posterior margins are not reinforced. The right posterior margin is shorter and articulated with the left side of the S.s.p. The left posterior margin articulates with 1"""". The left margin, which is longest, is almost straight and somewhat oblique. The S.d.p. is very large and elongated (2.5-3 times longer than wide). The external margin is convex and sometimes rather sinuous. The posterior margin is oblique posteriorly. The left margin is clearly divided into two portions. The anterior portion, where the well-developed S.ac.p, is located, is a little shorter and slightly more concave than the posterior portion. The S.d.a has a very oblique anterior margin. The posterior-right corner is noticeably truncated at its articulation with 5""'. The me [details]
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) Horiguchi ex K.Yuki & Y.Fukuyo, 1992. Accessed through: Nozères, C., Kennedy, M.K. (Eds.) (2024) Canadian Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/carms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=109713 on 2024-04-23
Nozères, C., Kennedy, M.K. (Eds.) (2024). Canadian Register of Marine Species. Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) Horiguchi ex K.Yuki & Y.Fukuyo, 1992. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/carms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=109713 on 2024-04-23
Date action by
original description
(of ) Biecheler, B. (1952). Recherches sur les Péridiniens. <em>Bulletin biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Supplément.</em> 36: 1-149. [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors  basis of record Brandt, S. (2001). Dinoflagellates, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 47-53 (look up in IMIS) [details] basis of record Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details] additional source Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details] additional source Tomas, C.R. (Ed.). (1997). Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780126930184 [details] additional source Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. <em>Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review.</em> 43: 419-453. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors additional source Penna, A., Fraga, S., Maso, M., Giacobbe, M. G., Bravo, I., Garces, E., Vila, M., Bertozzini, E., Andreoni, F., Luglie, A. & Vernesi, C. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships among the Mediterranean <i>Alexandrium</i> (Dinophyceae) species based on sequences of 5.8S gene and Internal Transcript Spacers of the rRNA operon. European Journal of Phycology 43:163-78. [details] Available for editors additional source Chang, F.H.; Charleston, W.A.G.; McKenna, P.B.; Clowes, C.D.; Wilson, G.J.; Broady, P.A. (2012). Phylum Myzozoa: dinoflagellates, perkinsids, ellobiopsids, sporozoans, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2012). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 3. Kingdoms Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi. pp. 175-216. [details] toxicology source Zmerli-Triki, H.; Laabir, M.; Moeller, P.; Chomérat, N.; Kéfi Daly-Yahia, O. (2016). First report of goniodomin A production by the dinoflagellate <i>Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax</i> developing in southern Mediterranean (Bizerte Lagoon, Tunisia). <em>Toxicon.</em> 111: 91-99., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.12.018 [details] ecology source Blossom, H. E.; Bædkel, T. D.; Tillmann, U.; Hansen, P. J. (2017). A search for mixotrophy and mucus trap production in Alexandrium spp. and the dynamics of mucus trap formation in Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 64: 51-62., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2017.03.004 [details] ecology source Leles, S. G.; Mitra, A.; Flynn, K. J.; Tillmann, U.; Stoecker, D.; Jeong, H. J.; Burkholder, J.; Hansen, P. J.; Caron, D. A.; Glibert, P. M.; Hallegraeff, G.; Raven, J. A.; Sanders, R. W.; Zubkov, M. (2019). Sampling bias misrepresents the biogeographical significance of constitutive mixotrophs across global oceans. <em>Global Ecology and Biogeography.</em> 28(4): 418-428., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12853 [details] Available for editors ecology source Mitra, A.; Caron, D. A.; Faure, E.; Flynn, K. J.; Leles, S. G.; Hansen, P. J.; McManus, G. B.; Not, F.; Do Rosario Gomes, H.; Santoferrara, L. F.; Stoecker, D. K.; Tillmann, U. (2023). The Mixoplankton Database (MDB): Diversity of photo‐phago‐trophic plankton in form, function, and distribution across the global ocean. <em>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.</em> 70(4)., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12972 [details]   Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:52016 [details]From regional or thematic species database
Description The cell is medium- to large-sized and irregularly pentagonal- shaped. The short, convex, wide, and dome-shaped epitheca is rather irregular and approximately equivalent to one-third of a sphere. The hypotheca is somewhat longer with a slight antapical concavity thai is wide and slopes up to right. The descending cingulum (0.75-1) has practically no lists and is barely excavated. The 1' appears as the first precingular and is completely disconnected from the PO. It is wider anteriorly. The anterior margin is sloped to the right and is interrupted by a big notch or ""ventral pore"" that is wider than long. The left margin is divided into a short anterior segment that is one quarter to one half of the total length and oblique to the left. The posterior segment is sinuous and oblique inward. The posterior margin is reinforced and short. The anterior two-thirds of the right margin is straight, while the posterior third is oblique, concave, and reinforced to form the left side of an asymmetrical notch. The anterior part of the S.a is located in the notch. The right margin of this notch is formed by the 6"". The remaining apical plates are typical of Alexandrium. It should be noted that the right margin of 3' is about half the length of the left margin. The PO is oval and rather regular. In some specimens, its right margin tends to be straight, but in others, it is almost as convex as the left one. The dorsal side is regularly curved, sometimes it may be pointed or flat. The ventral end is always pointed. In some specimens, the foramen is a fishhook-shaped groove with a short right hook, in others, the foramen is a poorly defined, narrow comma with a barely evident callus. In the plate periphery around the comma or hook, numerous, irregular pores are present. In the hypotheca, 1"""" is large and wider than long with a slightly reinforced sulcal edge. 2"""" is large, pentagonal, and almost completely located in the left side of the hypotheca. The sulcus has several distinct peculiarities. It lacks lateral lists. It penetrates somewhat into the epitheca in an asymmetrical way, oblique towards the right. The S.p. is very large, very lateral, and directed obliquely to the right. The S.s.a. is very large with strongly reinforced anterior and right margins; it clearly has hypothecal characteristics. The S.a. has a quite long, irregular precingular portion that is not delimited posteriorly by a crossbar or dividing bar. The body ofthe plate expands left below the anterior cingular margin. The left branch, with a somewhat oblique posterior margin, is rather wider than the unciform apophysis. The S.p. is very irregular. It has an asymmetric ventral notch and a somewhat irregular oblique branch that makes the left ventral side different from the right ventral side. The S.s.p. is a short trapezoid that is wider posteriorly (more than twofold) than anteriorly. The posterior-left corner is truncated. The anterior-right corner is prolonged in a thin apophysis that is sharp-pointed and quite long (0.5 of the plate body's height). The S.s.a, is an horizontal left portion and an oblique right portion that supports the S.m.a. The internal margin is straight, rather long, and also reinforced. The two oblique posterior margins are not reinforced. The right posterior margin is shorter and articulated with the left side of the S.s.p. The left posterior margin articulates with 1"""". The left margin, which is longest, is almost straight and somewhat oblique. The S.d.p. is very large and elongated (2.5-3 times longer than wide). The external margin is convex and sometimes rather sinuous. The posterior margin is oblique posteriorly. The left margin is clearly divided into two portions. The anterior portion, where the well-developed S.ac.p, is located, is a little shorter and slightly more concave than the posterior portion. The S.d.a has a very oblique anterior margin. The posterior-right corner is noticeably truncated at its articulation with 5""'. The me [details]Harmful effect According to Sharma et al. (1968), A. pseudogonyaulax produces goniodomine A, a polyether that induces modulation of the actomyosin ATPase activity. According to Furukawa et al. (1993) and Murakami et al. (1988), this species also produces an antifungal agent that can inhibit the development of fertilized sea urchin eggs and, according to Terao et al. (1989), toxicity was shown in small rodents. Thus, A. pseudogonyaulax may be an ichthyotoxic species, which is consistent with the production of goniodomine by A. monilatum, which is also considered as an ichthyotoxic species. The ichthyotoxic character may also be related to the mucus formation more recently reported by Blossom et al. (2012). [details] Identification Other Alexandrium (Gessnerium) were described that, while very similar to A. pseudogoniaulax, are clearly different from it. Japanese researchers, after first misidentifying these species as A. pseudogoniaulax, created two new species: A. hiranoi and A. satoanum. [details] Introduced species vector dispersal in Ukraine (Nation) : Shipping [details] Type locality Sète (France) [details] Verified sequences Strain VGO656 (Penna et al. 2008): ITS/5.8S/ITS rDNA AM237417 Strain APBZ12 (Zmerli-Triki et al. 2016): LSU rDNA KT229568 [details] |
