BeRMS taxon details
Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)
140262 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:140262)
accepted
Species
Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758 · unaccepted (original combination)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent + fossil
(of Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 761 [details] Available for editors
page(s): 761 [details] Available for editors
MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: VLIZ Belgian Marine Species Consortium (2010 onwards) Belgian Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/berms./aphia.php/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140262 on 2026-03-17
VLIZ Belgian Marine Species Consortium (2010 onwards). Belgian Register of Marine Species. Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/berms/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140262 on 2026-03-17
Date
action
by
The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 License
original description
(of Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 761 [details] Available for editors
context source (Introduced species) Molnar, J.L., R.L. Gamboa, C. Revenga & M.D. Spalding. (2008). Assessing the global threat of invasive species to marine biodiversity. <em>Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.</em> 6(9): 485-492., available online at https://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationPractices/Marine/Pages/marineinvasives.aspx [details] Available for editors
context source (RAS) Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]
context source (Schelde) van Eck, G. Th. M.; Holzhauer, H. (2007). Monitoring van de effecten van de verruiming 48'/43': MOVE eindrapport 2006 (Rapport 10). <em>Rapport RIKZ = Report RIKZ, 2007.003. RIKZ: Middelburg.</em> 64 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Reid, D. G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of <i>Littorina</i>. <em>The Ray Society.</em> 463p. [details]
additional source Reid, D. G. (1989). The comparative morphology, phylogeny and evolution of the gastropod family Littorinidae. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B.</em> 324: 1-110., available online at https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.1989.0040 [details]
additional source Latchford, F. R. (1915). <i>Littorina littorea</i> a fish. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 29(8): 96., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1815895 [details]
additional source Clench, W. J. (1930). <i>Littorina littorea</i> Linn. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 43(3): 105., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8515159 [details]
additional source Alexander, R. C. (1947). <i>Littorina littorea</i> on the New Jersey coast. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 60(3): 73-76., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8523756 [details]
additional source Alexander, R. C. (1947). <i>Littorina littorea</i> in New Jersey. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 61(2): 71., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8284771 [details]
additional source Dexter, R. W. (1961). Early records of <i>Littorina littorea</i> from the coast of Massachusetts. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 74(3): 120-121., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8524001 [details]
additional source Clarke, A. H., Jr. (1963). Supplementary notes on Pre-Colombian <i>Littorina littorea</i> in Nova Scotia. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 77(1): 8-11., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8520305 [details]
additional source Davis, D. S. (1972). An unusual form of <i>Littorina littorea</i> Linné found in Nova Scotia. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 86(2-4): 87., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8511600 [details]
additional source Woodbridge, R. G., III. (1976). Tentacle-branching in the periwinkle, <i>Littorina littorea</i>. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 90(1): 52-54, figs. 1-10., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8276410 [details]
additional source Dudley, R. (1980). Crab-crushing of periwinkle shells, <i>Littorina littorea</i>, from two adjacent geographical provinces. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 94(3): 108-112., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8274614 [details]
biology source Tepolt, C. K. (2014). Adaptation in marine invasion: a genetic perspective. <em>Biological Invasions.</em> 17(3): 887-903., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0825-8
note: Here, I review evidence for adaptation in marine invasion, considering both quantitative and genetic studies. [details] Available for editors
page(s): 761 [details] Available for editors
context source (Introduced species) Molnar, J.L., R.L. Gamboa, C. Revenga & M.D. Spalding. (2008). Assessing the global threat of invasive species to marine biodiversity. <em>Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.</em> 6(9): 485-492., available online at https://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationPractices/Marine/Pages/marineinvasives.aspx [details] Available for editors
context source (RAS) Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]
context source (Schelde) van Eck, G. Th. M.; Holzhauer, H. (2007). Monitoring van de effecten van de verruiming 48'/43': MOVE eindrapport 2006 (Rapport 10). <em>Rapport RIKZ = Report RIKZ, 2007.003. RIKZ: Middelburg.</em> 64 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record Reid, D. G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of <i>Littorina</i>. <em>The Ray Society.</em> 463p. [details]
additional source Reid, D. G. (1989). The comparative morphology, phylogeny and evolution of the gastropod family Littorinidae. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B.</em> 324: 1-110., available online at https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.1989.0040 [details]
additional source Latchford, F. R. (1915). <i>Littorina littorea</i> a fish. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 29(8): 96., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1815895 [details]
additional source Clench, W. J. (1930). <i>Littorina littorea</i> Linn. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 43(3): 105., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8515159 [details]
additional source Alexander, R. C. (1947). <i>Littorina littorea</i> on the New Jersey coast. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 60(3): 73-76., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8523756 [details]
additional source Alexander, R. C. (1947). <i>Littorina littorea</i> in New Jersey. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 61(2): 71., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8284771 [details]
additional source Dexter, R. W. (1961). Early records of <i>Littorina littorea</i> from the coast of Massachusetts. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 74(3): 120-121., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8524001 [details]
additional source Clarke, A. H., Jr. (1963). Supplementary notes on Pre-Colombian <i>Littorina littorea</i> in Nova Scotia. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 77(1): 8-11., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8520305 [details]
additional source Davis, D. S. (1972). An unusual form of <i>Littorina littorea</i> Linné found in Nova Scotia. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 86(2-4): 87., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8511600 [details]
additional source Woodbridge, R. G., III. (1976). Tentacle-branching in the periwinkle, <i>Littorina littorea</i>. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 90(1): 52-54, figs. 1-10., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8276410 [details]
additional source Dudley, R. (1980). Crab-crushing of periwinkle shells, <i>Littorina littorea</i>, from two adjacent geographical provinces. <em>The Nautilus.</em> 94(3): 108-112., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8274614 [details]
biology source Tepolt, C. K. (2014). Adaptation in marine invasion: a genetic perspective. <em>Biological Invasions.</em> 17(3): 887-903., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0825-8
note: Here, I review evidence for adaptation in marine invasion, considering both quantitative and genetic studies. [details] Available for editors
Present
Inaccurate
Introduced: alien
Containing type locality
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Catalan | caragolí comú | [details] |
| Danish | store strandsneglalmindelige strandsnegl | [details] |
| Dutch | gewone alikruikalikruik | [details] |
| English | periwinkleedible winklecommon winklecommon periwinkle | [details] |
| Finnish | rantakotilo | [details] |
| French | vignotlittorine commune d'Europelittorine communcaracolebigorneau communbigorneau | [details] |
| German | Hölkergemeine Uferschneckegemeine Strandschnecke | [details] |
| Italian | littorina comune | [details] |
| Norwegian Bokmål | storstrandsnegl | [details] |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | storstrandsnigel | [details] |
| Portuguese | caramujo | [details] |
| Scottish Gaelic | faocha | [details] |
| Spanish | caracolillobígaro | [details] |
| Swedish | vanlig strandsnäcka | [details] |
BIOTIC
Marine Life Information Network - UK
PlanktonNet Image
To Barcode of Life (679 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (176 publications) (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (712 publications)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Littorina littorea)
To GenBank (1796 nucleotides; 14338 proteins)
To GenBank (1796 nucleotides; 14338 proteins) (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Bailiwick of Guernsey, Herm, Shell Beach , beac...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Netherlands, Noord-Holland, Texel, De Bol, at l...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Netherlands, Zeeland, Schouwen-Duiveland, Brouw...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Netherlands, Zeeland, Zuid-Beveland, Yerseke, b...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Portugal, Setúbal, Troía, on rocks, ex coll. F....
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) United Kingdom, Scotland, Orkney Islands, Mainl...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) )
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus,1758) Canada, Nova Scotia, Lunenbourg, Cresent beach)
To NHMUK collection (Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758; NHMUK:ecatalogue:632876) (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To NMNH Extant Collection (USNM 1437248)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 091320)
To ITIS
Marine Life Information Network - UK
PlanktonNet Image
To Barcode of Life (679 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (176 publications) (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (712 publications)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Littorina littorea)
To GenBank (1796 nucleotides; 14338 proteins)
To GenBank (1796 nucleotides; 14338 proteins) (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Bailiwick of Guernsey, Herm, Shell Beach , beac...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Netherlands, Noord-Holland, Texel, De Bol, at l...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Netherlands, Zeeland, Schouwen-Duiveland, Brouw...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Netherlands, Zeeland, Zuid-Beveland, Yerseke, b...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) Portugal, Setúbal, Troía, on rocks, ex coll. F....
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) United Kingdom, Scotland, Orkney Islands, Mainl...
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758) )
To Malacopics (Littorina littorea (Linnaeus,1758) Canada, Nova Scotia, Lunenbourg, Cresent beach)
To NHMUK collection (Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758; NHMUK:ecatalogue:632876) (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To NMNH Extant Collection (USNM 1437248)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 091320)
To ITIS
