WoRMS taxon details
Dipturus laevis (Mitchill, 1818)
158548 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:158548)
accepted
Species
Raia granulata Gill, 1879 · unaccepted
Raia stabuliforis Garman, 1913 · unaccepted (ambiguous synonym)
Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818 · unaccepted
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
(of Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818) Mitchill, S.L. (1818). Memoir on ichthyology. The fishes of New York... In a supplement to the Memoir. <em>Am. Monthly Mag. Crit. Rev.</em> 2: 241-248, 321-328. [details]
Distribution Grand Banks and southern Gulf of St. Lawrence to North Carolina
Distribution Grand Banks and southern Gulf of St. Lawrence to North Carolina [details]
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2026). FishBase. Dipturus laevis (Mitchill, 1818). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158548 on 2026-01-14
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Nomenclature
original description
(of Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818) Mitchill, S.L. (1818). Memoir on ichthyology. The fishes of New York... In a supplement to the Memoir. <em>Am. Monthly Mag. Crit. Rev.</em> 2: 241-248, 321-328. [details]
basis of record Packer, D. B.; Zetlin, C.A.; Vitaliano, J.J. (2003). Essential fish habitat source document: thorny skate, Amblyraja radiata, life history and habitat characteristics. <em>NOAA Technical Memorandum.</em> 1-39. [details]
basis of record Packer, D. B.; Zetlin, C.A.; Vitaliano, J.J. (2003). Essential fish habitat source document: thorny skate, Amblyraja radiata, life history and habitat characteristics. <em>NOAA Technical Memorandum.</em> 1-39. [details]
Ecology
ecology source
Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details] 
Other
context source (Deepsea)
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
additional source Scott, W.B.; Scott, M.G. (1988). Atlantic fishes of Canada. <em>Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.</em> No. 219. 731 pp. [details]
additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2026). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (04/2025)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
additional source Scott, W.B.; Scott, M.G. (1988). Atlantic fishes of Canada. <em>Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.</em> No. 219. 731 pp. [details]
additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2026). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (04/2025)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Diet Bivalve molluscs, squids, rock crabs, lobsters, shrimps, worms and fishes [details]Distribution Grand Banks and southern Gulf of St. Lawrence to North Carolina [details]
Habitat benthic [details]
Habitat Found on a variety of bottom environments to depths of 750m. [details]
Importance Social- Gamefish [details]
Predators Large sharks [details]
Reproduction Spawning occurs in winter months, eggs laid in a horny casing. [details]
To Barcode of Life (30 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (18 publications) (from synonym Raia granulata Gill, 1879)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (9 publications) (from synonym Raia stabuliforis Garman, 1913)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (98 publications) (from synonym Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Dipturus laevis)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818)
To FishBase (from synonym Raia granulata Gill, 1879)
To FishBase (from synonym Raia stabuliforis Garman, 1913)
To GenBank (25 nucleotides; 22 proteins) (from synonym Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818)
To GenBank (25 nucleotides; 22 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Dipturus laevis USNM 410791 photograph dorsal view)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Dipturus laevis USNM 410791 photograph ventral view)
To ITIS
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (18 publications) (from synonym Raia granulata Gill, 1879)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (9 publications) (from synonym Raia stabuliforis Garman, 1913)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (98 publications) (from synonym Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Dipturus laevis)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818)
To FishBase (from synonym Raia granulata Gill, 1879)
To FishBase (from synonym Raia stabuliforis Garman, 1913)
To GenBank (25 nucleotides; 22 proteins) (from synonym Raja laevis Mitchill, 1818)
To GenBank (25 nucleotides; 22 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Dipturus laevis USNM 410791 photograph dorsal view)
To NMNH Extant Collection (Dipturus laevis USNM 410791 photograph ventral view)
To ITIS
Unreviewed
Hosted externally
Hosted externally
