WoRMS taxon details

Cliona Grant, 1826

132026  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:132026)

accepted
Genus
Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (type by monotypy)
Anthosigmella Topsent, 1918 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Bernatia Rosell & Uriz, 1997 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Delaubenfelsia Dickinson, 1945 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Euryphylle Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Idomon Gray, 1867 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Osculina Schmidt, 1868 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Papillella Vosmaer, 1885 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Papillina Schmidt, 1862 · unaccepted (preoccupied and junior synonym)
Poterion Schlegel, 1858 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Pronax Gray, 1867 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Raphyrus Bowerbank, 1862 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Rhaphiophora Gray, 1867 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Rhaphyrus Bowerbank, 1864 · unaccepted (spelling variation of Raphyrus)
Sapline Gray, 1867 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Spongia (Poterion) Schlegel, 1858 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Taguilla Bowerbank, 1874 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Tapiliata Bowerbank, 1874 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Vioa Nardo, 1839 · unaccepted (junior synonym)

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  1. Species Cliona acephala Zea & López-Victoria, 2016
  2. Species Cliona adriatica Calcinai, Bavestrello, Cuttone & Cerrano, 2011
  3. Species Cliona aethiopicus Burton, 1932
  4. Species Cliona albimarginata Calcinai, Bavestrello & Cerrano, 2005
  5. Species Cliona amplicavata Rützler, 1974
  6. Species Cliona annulifera Annandale, 1915
  7. Species Cliona aprica Pang, 1973
  8. Species Cliona argus Thiele, 1898
  9. Species Cliona barbadensis Holmes, 2000
  10. Species Cliona burtoni Topsent, 1932
  11. Species Cliona caesia (Schönberg, 2000)
  12. Species Cliona caledoniae van Soest & Beglinger, 2009
  13. Species Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932
  14. Species Cliona caribbaea Carter, 1882
  15. Species Cliona carteri (Ridley, 1881)
  16. Species Cliona celata Grant, 1826
  17. Species Cliona chilensis Thiele, 1905
  18. Species Cliona cribripora Marlow, Bell, Schaffer, Haris & Schönberg, 2021
  19. Species Cliona desimoni Bavestrello, Calcinai & Sarà, 1995
  20. Species Cliona dioryssa (de Laubenfels, 1950)
  21. Species Cliona dissimilis Ridley & Dendy, 1886
  22. Species Cliona diversityla Sarà, 1978
  23. Species Cliona ecaudis Topsent, 1932
  24. Species Cliona ensifera Sollas, 1878
  25. Species Cliona euryphylle Topsent, 1888
  26. Species Cliona favus Calcinai, Bavestrello & Cerrano, 2005
  27. Species Cliona flavifodina Rützler, 1974
  28. Species Cliona grandis Samaai, Pillay & Janson, 2019
  29. Species Cliona infrafoliata (Thiele, 1898)
  30. Species Cliona insidiosa Hancock, 1849
  31. Species Cliona janitrix Topsent, 1932
  32. Species Cliona johannae Topsent, 1932
  33. Species Cliona jullieni Topsent, 1891
  34. Species Cliona kempi Annandale, 1915
  35. Species Cliona labiata (Keller, 1880)
  36. Species Cliona lesueuri Topsent, 1888
  37. Species Cliona liangae Calcinai, Bavestrello & Cerrano, 2005
  38. Species Cliona lisa Cuartas, 1991
  39. Species Cliona lobata Hancock, 1849
  40. Species Cliona macgeachii Holmes, 2000
  41. Species Cliona mariae Pacheco, Carballo, Cruz-Barraza, Schönberg & Calcinai, 2020
  42. Species Cliona medinae Cruz-Barraza, Carballo, Bautista-Guerrero & Nava, 2011
  43. Species Cliona michelini Topsent, 1887
  44. Species Cliona microstrongylata Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2005
  45. Species Cliona millepunctata Hancock, 1849
  46. Species Cliona minuscula Schönberg, Grass & Heiermann, 2006
  47. Species Cliona mucronata Sollas, 1878
  48. Species Cliona nodulosa Calcinai, Cerrano, Sarà & Bavestrello, 2000
  49. Species Cliona orientalis Thiele, 1900
  50. Species Cliona papillae Carballo, Cruz-Barraza & Gómez, 2004
  51. Species Cliona parenzani Corriero & Scalera-Liaci, 1997
  52. Species Cliona patera (Hardwicke, 1820)
  53. Species Cliona paucispina Rützler, 1974
  54. Species Cliona peponaca Pang, 1973
  55. Species Cliona pocillopora Bautista-Guerrero, Carballo, Cruz-Barraza & Nava, 2006
  56. Species Cliona radiata Hancock, 1849
  57. Species Cliona raphida Boury-Esnault, 1973
  58. Species Cliona raromicrosclera (Dickinson, 1945)
  59. Species Cliona reticulata Ise & Fujita, 2005
  60. Species Cliona rhodensis Rützler & Bromley, 1981
  61. Species Cliona schmidtii (Ridley, 1881)
  62. Species Cliona spissaspira Corriero & Nonnis Marzano, 2006
  63. Species Cliona subulata Sollas, 1878
  64. Species Cliona tenuis Zea & Weil, 2003
  65. Species Cliona thomasi Mote, Schönberg, Samaai, Gupta & Ingole, 2019
  66. Species Cliona thoosina Topsent, 1888
  67. Species Cliona tinctoria Schönberg, 2000
  68. Species Cliona topsenti (Lendenfeld, 1898)
  69. Species Cliona tropicalis Cruz-Barraza, Carballo, Bautista-Guerrero & Nava, 2011
  70. Species Cliona tumula Friday, Poppell & Hill, 2013
  71. Species Cliona undulata (George & Wilson, 1919)
  72. Species Cliona utricularis Calcinai, Bavestrello & Cerrano, 2005
  73. Species Cliona valentis (de Laubenfels, 1957)
  74. Species Cliona vallartensis Carballo, Cruz-Barraz & Gómez, 2004
  75. Species Cliona varians (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
  76. Species Cliona vermifera Hancock, 1867
  77. Species Cliona viridis (Schmidt, 1862)
  78. Species Cliona wakatobiensis Marlow, Bell, Schaffer, Haris & Schönberg, 2021
  79. Species Cliona yorkin Pacheco, Carballo, Cruz-Barraza, Schönberg & Calcinai, 2020
  80. Subgenus Cliona (Archaeocliona) Czerniavsky, 1880 accepted as Pione Gray, 1867
    1. Species Cliona (Archaeocliona) pontica Czerniavsky, 1878 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849)
  81. Species Cliona abyssalorum Little, 1968 accepted as Spiroxya abyssorum (Carter, 1874)
  82. Species Cliona abyssorum Carter, 1874 accepted as Spiroxya abyssorum (Carter, 1874) (genus transfer)
  83. Species Cliona acus Bavestrello, Calcinai & Sarà, 1995 accepted as Spiroxya acus (Bavestrello, Calcinai & Sarà, 1995) (genus transfer)
  84. Species Cliona acustella Annandale, 1915 accepted as Spiroxya acustella (Annandale, 1915) (genus transfer)
  85. Species Cliona albicans Volz, 1939 accepted as Volzia albicans (Volz, 1939) (genus transfer)
  86. Species Cliona alderi Hancock, 1849 accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  87. Species Cliona amphitritae (Harting, 1870) accepted as Cliona patera (Hardwicke, 1820) (junior synonym)
  88. Species Cliona angulata Hancock, 1849 accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  89. Species Cliona azzaroliae Sarà, 1978 accepted as Volzia azzaroliae (Sarà, 1978) (genus transfer)
  90. Species Cliona bacillifera Carter, 1887 accepted as Pione carpenteri (Hancock, 1867) (genus transfer and junior synonym)
  91. Species Cliona canadensis Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer and junior synonym)
  92. Species Cliona carpenteri Hancock, 1867 accepted as Pione carpenteri (Hancock, 1867) (genus transfer)
  93. Species Cliona cervina Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione cervina (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  94. Species Cliona clio (Nardo, 1839) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  95. Species Cliona coccinea (Nardo, 1839) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  96. Species Cliona concharum Thiele, 1898 accepted as Pione concharum (Thiele, 1898) (genus transfer)
  97. Species Cliona copiosa Sarà, 1959 accepted as Cliona viridis (Schmidt, 1862) (junior synonym)
  98. Species Cliona corallinoides Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) (junior synonym)
  99. Species Cliona coralliophaga Stephens, 1915 accepted as Spongosorites coralliophaga (Stephens, 1915) (genus transfer)
  100. Species Cliona coronaria (Carter, 1882) accepted as Cliona varians (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (junior synonym)
  101. Species Cliona cretensis Pulitzer-Finali, 1983 accepted as Cliona thoosina Topsent, 1888 (junior synonym)
  102. Species Cliona cribrosa (Schmidt, 1870) accepted as Spheciospongia vesparium (Lamarck, 1815) (genus transfer & junior synonym)
  103. Species Cliona delitrix Pang, 1973 accepted as Cliothosa delitrix (Pang, 1973) (new combination)
  104. Species Cliona dendritica Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione dendritica (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  105. Species Cliona dichotoma Calcinai, Cerrano, Sarà & Bavestrello, 2000 accepted as Cliothosa dichotoma (Calcinai, Cerrano, Sarà & Bavestrello, 2000) (genus transfer)
  106. Species Cliona duvernoysii (Duchassaing, 1850) (Is an ichnotaxon (Entobia), not a biotaxon)
  107. Species Cliona fryeri Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione fryeri (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  108. Species Cliona globulifera Hancock, 1867 accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  109. Species Cliona gorgonioides Hancock, 1849 accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  110. Species Cliona gracilis Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) (junior synonym)
  111. Species Cliona griffithsii (Bowerbank, 1866) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  112. Species Cliona howsei Hancock, 1849 accepted as Cliona lobata Hancock, 1849 (junior synonym)
  113. Species Cliona hystrix (Johnston, 1842) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  114. Species Cliona inconstans (Dendy, 1887) accepted as Spheciospongia inconstans (Dendy, 1887) (genus transfer)
  115. Species Cliona indica Topsent, 1891 accepted as Pione indica (Topsent, 1891) (genus transfer)
  116. Species Cliona johnstonii (sensu Carter, 1886) accepted as Cliona carteri (Ridley, 1881) (junior synonym)
  117. Species Cliona klugei Makuschok, 1926 accepted as Pione klugei (Makuschok, 1926)
  118. Species Cliona labyrinthica Hancock, 1849 accepted as Siphonodictyon labyrinthicum (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  119. Species Cliona lampa de Laubenfels, 1950 accepted as Pione lampa (de Laubenfels, 1950) (genus transfer)
  120. Species Cliona langae Pang, 1973 accepted as Cliona caribbaea Carter, 1882 (junior synonym)
  121. Species Cliona laticavicola Pang, 1973 accepted as Cliothosa delitrix (Pang, 1973)
  122. Species Cliona levispira Topsent, 1898 accepted as Spiroxya levispira (Topsent, 1898) (genus transfer)
  123. Species Cliona margaritiferae Dendy, 1905 accepted as Pione margaritiferae (Dendy, 1905) (genus transfer)
  124. Species Cliona mazatlanensis Hancock, 1867 accepted as Pione mazatlanensis (Hancock, 1867) (genus transfer)
  125. Species Cliona muscoides Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione muscoides (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  126. Species Cliona mussae (Keller, 1891) accepted as Pione mussae (Keller, 1891) (genus transfer)
  127. Species Cliona nigricans (Schmidt, 1862) accepted as Cliona viridis (Schmidt, 1862) (junior synonym)
  128. Species Cliona nodosa Hancock, 1849 accepted as Aka nodosa (Hancock, 1849) accepted as Siphonodictyon nodosum (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  129. Species Cliona northumbrica Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) (junior synonym)
  130. Species Cliona pasithea (Nardo, 1839) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  131. Species Cliona pontica Czerniavsky, 1878 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) (junior synonym)
  132. Species Cliona pruvoti Topsent, 1900 accepted as Spiroxya pruvoti (Topsent, 1900)
  133. Species Cliona purpurea Hancock, 1849 accepted as Cornulella purpurea (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  134. Species Cliona quadrata Hancock, 1849 accepted as Cliothosa quadrata (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  135. Species Cliona rhabdophora Hentschel, 1914 accepted as Pione rhabdophora (Hentschel, 1914) (genus transfer)
  136. Species Cliona rhombea Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione rhombea (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  137. Species Cliona robusta Old, 1941 accepted as Pione robusta (Old, 1941) (genus transfer)
  138. Species Cliona rovignensis Volz, 1939 accepted as Volzia rovignensis (Volz, 1939) (genus transfer)
  139. Species Cliona sarai Melone, 1965 accepted as Spiroxya sarai (Melone, 1965)
  140. Species Cliona sceptrellifera Carter, 1887 accepted as Latrunculia sceptrellifera (Carter, 1887) (genus transfer)
  141. Species Cliona seurati (Topsent, 1905) accepted as Cliothosa hancocki (Topsent, 1888) (genus transfer and junior synonym)
  142. Species Cliona spinosa Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione spinosa (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  143. Species Cliona spiralis (Johnson, 1899) accepted as Spiroxya spiralis (Johnson, 1899) (genus transfer)
  144. Species Cliona spirilla Old, 1941 accepted as Pione spirilla (Old, 1941) (genus transfer)
  145. Species Cliona stationis (Nassonow, 1883) accepted as Pione stationis (Nassonow, 1883) (genus transfer)
  146. Species Cliona stellifera Carter, 1887 accepted as Timea stellifera (Carter, 1887) (genus transfer)
  147. Species Cliona strombi (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (Is an ichnotaxon (Entobia), not a biotaxon)
  148. Species Cliona suberea (Schmidt, 1862) accepted as Cliona viridis (Schmidt, 1862) (junior synonym)
  149. Species Cliona sulphurea (Desor, 1851) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonymy (decision Leidy 1889))
  150. Species Cliona tenebrosus (Bowerbank, 1882) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  151. Species Cliona terebrans (Duvernoy, 1840) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  152. Species Cliona tremitensis Sarà, 1961 accepted as Cliona viridis (Schmidt, 1862) (junior synonym)
  153. Species Cliona truitti Old, 1941 accepted as Pione truitti (Old, 1941) (genus transfer)
  154. Species Cliona tuberculosus (Schmidt, 1870) accepted as Cliona varians (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (junior synonym)
  155. Species Cliona typica (Nardo, 1833) accepted as Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (junior synonym)
  156. Species Cliona vallartense Carballo, Cruz-Barraza & Gómez, 2004 accepted as Cliona vallartensis Carballo, Cruz-Barraz & Gómez, 2004 (agreement in gender)
  157. Species Cliona vastifica Hancock, 1849 accepted as Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer)
  158. Species Cliona velans Hentschel, 1909 accepted as Pione velans (Hentschel, 1909) (genus transfer)
  159. Species Cliona warreni Carter, 1881 accepted as Cliothosa quadrata (Hancock, 1849) (genus transfer & junior synonym)
  160. Species Cliona arenosa (Schmidt, 1870) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  161. Species Cliona dubbia (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  162. Species Cliona latens (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  163. Species Cliona phallica Leidy, 1889 (uncertain)
  164. Species Cliona saxicava (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
feminine
Grant, R.E. (1826). Notice of a New Zoophyte (<i>Cliona celata</i> Gr.) from the Firth of Forth. <em>Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal.</em> 1: 78-81., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2471191 [details]  OpenAccess publication 
de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez, B.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Díaz, M.-C.; Dohrmann, M.; Downey, R.; Goodwin, C.; Hajdu, E.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Kelly, M.; Klautau, M.; Lim, S.C.; Manconi, R.; Morrow, C.; Pinheiro, U.; Pisera, A.B.; Ríos, P.; Rützler, K.; Schönberg, C.; Turner, T.; Vacelet, J.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Xavier, J. (2024). World Porifera Database. Cliona Grant, 1826. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=132026 on 2024-03-19
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
2005-07-26 12:02:34Z
changed
2005-12-12 19:27:27Z
changed
2010-02-23 09:31:40Z
changed
2020-01-28 17:22:12Z
changed
2020-12-16 10:32:25Z
changed

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


original description Grant, R.E. (1826). Notice of a New Zoophyte (<i>Cliona celata</i> Gr.) from the Firth of Forth. <em>Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal.</em> 1: 78-81., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2471191 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Vioa Nardo, 1839) Nardo, G.D. 1839. Supra un nuovo genere di Spugne, le quali perforano le pietre ed i gusci marini. Annali delle Scienze del Regno Lombardo-Veneto 9: 221-226. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Papillina Schmidt, 1862) Schmidt, O. (1862). Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig): i-viii, 1-88, pls 1-7.
page(s): 68 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Anthosigmella Topsent, 1918) Topsent, E. (1918). Eponges de San Thomé. Essai sur les genres <i>Spirastrella</i>, <i>Donatia</i> et <i>Chondrilla</i>. <em>Archives de Zoologie expérimentale et générale, Paris.</em> 57(6): 535-618. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Delaubenfelsia Dickinson, 1945) Dickinson, M.G. (1945). Sponges of the Gulf of California. Pp. 1-55, pls1-97. In: Reports on the collections obtained by Alan Hancock Pacific Expeditions of Velero III off the coast of Mexico, Central America, South America, and Galapagos Islands in 1932, in 1933, in 1934, in 1935, in 1936, in 1937, in 1939, and 1940. The University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles.
page(s): 34 [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

original description  (of Euryphylle Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P.; Michelotti, G. (1864). Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. <em>Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem.</em> 21(2): 1-124, pls I-XXV.
page(s): 113-114 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Osculina Schmidt, 1868) Schmidt, O. (1868). Die Spongien der Küste von Algier. Mit Nachträgen zu den Spongien des Adriatischen Meeres (Drittes Supplement). (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig): i-iv, 1-44, pls I-V.
page(s): 2-3 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Papillella Vosmaer, 1885) Vosmaer, G.C.J. (1885). Porifera, Parts Vll-XI. Pp. 177-368, pls XIX-XXV. <i>In</i>: Bronn, H.G. (Ed.), Die Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs. 1. (Leipzig & Heidelberg).  [details]   

original description  (of Raphyrus Bowerbank, 1862) Bowerbank, J.S. (1862). On the Anatomy and Physiology of the Spongiadae. Part III On the Generic Characters, the Specific Characters, and on the Method of Examination. <em>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.</em> 152(2): 1087-1135, pls LXXII-LXXIV. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Rhaphyrus Bowerbank, 1864) Bowerbank, J.S. (1864). A Monograph of the British Spongiadae.Volume 1. (Ray Society: London): i-xx, 1-290, pls I-XXXVII. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1883085
page(s): 10-11 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Sapline Gray, 1867) Gray, J.E. (1867). Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. <em>Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 1867(2): 492-558, pls XXVII-XXVIII. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Poterion Schlegel, 1858) Schlegel, H. (1858). Handleiding tot de beoefening der dierkunde. <em>Breda, Koninklijke Militaire Akademie.</em> Volume 2: 1-628, pls 1-27. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Bernatia Rosell & Uriz, 1997) Rosell, D.; Uriz, M.J. (1997). Phylogenetic Relationships within the Excavating Hadromerida (Porifera), with a Systematic Revision. <em>Cladistics.</em> 13 (4): 349-366. [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

original description  (of Taguilla Bowerbank, 1874) Bowerbank, J.S. (1874). A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Volume 3. (Ray Society: London): i-xvii, 1-367, pls I-XCII., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1871265 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Tapiliata Bowerbank, 1874) Bowerbank, J.S. (1874). A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Volume 3. (Ray Society: London): i-xvii, 1-367, pls I-XCII., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1871265 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Rhaphiophora Gray, 1867) Gray, J.E. (1867). Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. <em>Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 1867(2): 492-558, pls XXVII-XXVIII. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Idomon Gray, 1867) Gray, J.E. (1867). Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. <em>Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 1867(2): 492-558, pls XXVII-XXVIII. [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Pronax Gray, 1867) Gray, J.E. (1867). Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. <em>Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 1867(2): 492-558, pls XXVII-XXVIII.
page(s): 526 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Spongia (Poterion) Schlegel, 1858) Schlegel, H. (1858). Handleiding tot de beoefening der dierkunde. <em>Breda, Koninklijke Militaire Akademie.</em> Volume 2: 1-628, pls 1-27.
page(s): 542 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

basis of record Rützler, K. (2002 [2004]). Family Clionaidae D'Orbigny, 1851. Pp. 173-185. <em>In: Hooper, J.N.A.; Van Soest, R.W.M. (eds) Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges.</em> Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers, New York, 1708 + xvliii. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5 (eBook electronic version). [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

basis of record Rützler, K. (2002). Family Clionaidae D'Orbigny, 1851. Pp. 173-185. <em>In: Hooper, J.N.A.; Van Soest, R.W.M. (eds) Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. 2 volumes.</em> Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers, New York, 1708 + xvliii. ISBN 0-306-47260-0 (printed version). (look up in IMIS[details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS[details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

additional source Fleming, J. (1828). A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. <em>Edinburgh, Bell & Bradfute / London, James Duncan.</em> Pp. i-xxii, 1-565. corrigenda., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18569
page(s): 516 [details]   

additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS[details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

additional source Van Soest, R.W.M. (2001). Porifera, <b><i>in</i></b>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification</i>. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 85-103. (look up in IMIS[details]  OpenAccess publication 
 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
LanguageName 
English boring sponges  [details]
German Bohrschwämme  [details]
Japanese サンゴシグマカイメン属 [from synonym]  [details]