WoRMS taxon details

Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758

126983  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:126983)

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marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em> , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 316 [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

(of Mugil cephalus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em> , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 
Description Occurs at temperatures ranging from 8-24°C (Ref. 4944) in calm waters close to shore, around mouths of streams and inlets,...  
Description Occurs at temperatures ranging from 8-24°C (Ref. 4944) in calm waters close to shore, around mouths of streams and inlets, and brackish bays and harbors. Usually found in schools over sand or mud bottom (Ref. 2850). Mainly diurnal, feeds on zooplankton, benthic organisms and detritus. Also takes diatom algae and small invertebrates (Ref. 9072). Feeds occasionally at the surface (Ref. 9987). Can be used in aquaculture if stock is collected from the sea (Ref. 4967). Marketed fresh, dried,salted, and frozen; roe sold fresh or smoked (Ref. 9312). [details]

Distribution Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Brazil; Cape Cod to southern Gulf of Mexico; absent in the Bahamas and most of...  
Distribution Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Brazil; Cape Cod to southern Gulf of Mexico; absent in the Bahamas and most of West Indies and Caribbean  [details]
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2024). FishBase. Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126983 on 2024-03-28
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2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
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2008-01-15 17:27:08Z
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original description Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em> , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 316 [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

original description  (of Mugil albula Linnaeus, 1766) Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. 12. 1., Regnum Animale. 1 & 2. <em>Holmiae [Stockholm], Laurentii Salvii.</em> pp. 1-532 [1766] pp. 533-1327 [1767]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/83650#5 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Mugil ashanteensis Bleeker, 1863) Bleeker, P. (1863). Mémoire sur les poissons de la côte de Guinée. <em>Natuurkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem (Ser. 2).</em> v. 18 (1862): 1-136, Pls. 1-28.
page(s): 91, Pl. 19 (fig. 2) [details]   

original description  (of Mugil grandis Castelnau, 1879) Castelnau, F. L. (1879). Essay on the ichthyology of Port Jackson. <em>Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales.</em> v. 3 (pt 4): 347-402.
page(s): 386 [details]   

original description  (of Mugil our Forsskål, 1775) Niebuhr, C. (1775). Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit Petrus Forskål. <em>Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Hauniae.</em> 1-20 + i-xxxiv + 1-164, map. [Pisces on pp. x-xix and 22-76]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18564
page(s): 74, xiv [details]   

original description  (of Mugil provensalis Risso, 1810) Risso, A. (1810). Ichthyologie de Nice, ou histoire naturelle des poissons du Département des Alpes Maritimes. <em>F. Schoell, Paris.</em> i-xxxvi + 1-388, Pls. 1-11., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7052
page(s): 346 [details]  OpenAccess publication 

original description  (of Mugil tang Bloch, 1794) Bloch, M. E. (1794). Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische. <em>Berlin.</em> v. 8. i-iv + 1-174, Pls. 361-396. [details]   

original description  (of Mugil cephalus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em> , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

context source (HKRMS) Hong Kong marine fish database. <em>AFCD.</em> , available online at https://www.hk-fish.net/en/fish/introduction/ [details]   

context source (RAS) Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]   

context source (PeRMS) Chirichigno, N.; Cornejo, M. (2001). Catálogo comentado de los peces marinos del Perú. <em>2ª ed. Instituto del Mar de Perú. Publicación Especial. Callao.</em> 314 p. [details]   

basis of record van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS[details]   

additional source Scott, W.B.; Scott, M.G. (1988). Atlantic fishes of Canada. <em>Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.</em> No. 219. 731 pp. [details]   

additional source Welshman, D.; Kohler, S; Black, J.; and L. Van Guelpen. (2003). An atlas of distributions of Canadian Atlantic fishes. , available online at http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/205/301/ic/cdc/FishAtlas/default.htm [details]   

additional source King, C.M.; Roberts, C.D.; Bell, B.D.; Fordyce, R.E.; Nicoll, R.S.; Worthy, T.H.; Paulin, C.D.; Hitchmough, R.A.; Keyes, I.W.; Baker, A.N.; Stewart, A.L.; Hiller, N.; McDowall, R.M.; Holdaway, R.N.; McPhee, R.P.; Schwarzhans, W.W.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Rust, S.; Macadie, I. (2009). Phylum Chordata: lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> pp. 431-554. [details]   

additional source McEachran, J. D. (2009). Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]   

additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS[details]  Available for editors  PDF available [request] 

additional source Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2024). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. <em>California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.</em> Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2024., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details]   

additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]   

ecology source Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details]  OpenAccess publication 
 
 Present  Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio   Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From other sources
Description Occurs at temperatures ranging from 8-24°C (Ref. 4944) in calm waters close to shore, around mouths of streams and inlets, and brackish bays and harbors. Usually found in schools over sand or mud bottom (Ref. 2850). Mainly diurnal, feeds on zooplankton, benthic organisms and detritus. Also takes diatom algae and small invertebrates (Ref. 9072). Feeds occasionally at the surface (Ref. 9987). Can be used in aquaculture if stock is collected from the sea (Ref. 4967). Marketed fresh, dried,salted, and frozen; roe sold fresh or smoked (Ref. 9312). [details]

Diet Feeds on zooplankton, benthic organisms, detritus  [details]

Distribution Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Brazil; Cape Cod to southern Gulf of Mexico; absent in the Bahamas and most of West Indies and Caribbean  [details]

Habitat Occasionally found in Canadian Atlantic waters. Coastal species, found to depths of 120 m and often enter estuaries and rivers. [details]

Habitat nektonic [details]

Importance Social- Highly commercial, aquaculture, gamefish  [details]

Reproduction Spawns in the sea from July to October, scatters 5- 7 million eggs into the open water/ substratum  [details]
LanguageName 
Albanian qefulli i verësgushtakucumricumraku  [details]
Basque lazunakorrokoi bizkarbeltz  [details]
Breton meilh bihen  [details]
Catalan llissa llobarrera  [details]
Corsican muzarumazzardu  [details]
Dutch hardergrootkopharder  [details]
English striped mulletgrey mulletflathead mulletflathead grey mullet  [details]
French petit mulet grismulet cabotmulet à grosse têtemuge cephalemugemeuille  [details]
German Großkopfmeeräschegroßkopf Meeräsche  [details]
Hebrew קיפון גדול-ראשקיפון בורי  [details]
Italian cefalo  [details]
Japanese ボラ [from synonym]カラスミボラ [from synonym]  [details]
Lithuanian didžiagalvė kefalė  [details]
Modern Greek (1453-) Κέφαλος  [details]
Polish cefal pospolity  [details]
Portuguese tainha-olhalvomugemfatacacurimã  [details]
Romanian chefal  [details]
Russian черная кефальлобанКефаль лобан  [details]
Slovenian glavati cipelj  [details]
Spanish pardetemújollisa rayada  [details]
Turkish has kefal  [details]
Ukrainian Кефаль-лобанКефаль лобань  [details]