WoRMS name details
Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard) J.Schiller, 1933
110304 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:110304)
unaccepted
Species
Exuviaella marie-lebouriae Parke & Ballantine, 1957 · unaccepted (synonym)
Exuviaella minima Schiller, 1933 · unaccepted (synonym)
Prorocentrum cordiforme Bursa, 1959 · unaccepted (synonym)
Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929 · unaccepted (synonym)
- Variety Prorocentrum minimum var. triangulatum (G.W.Martin) Hulburt, 1965 accepted as Prorocentrum cordatum (Ostenfeld) J.D.Dodge, 1976 (synonym)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Pavillard J. 1916. Recherches sur les péridiniens du Golf de Lion. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montpellier et Stat. Zool. Cette. Trav., sér. mixte, Mém. 4: 1-73. [details]
Type locality contained in Gulf of Lions
type locality contained in Gulf of Lions [details]
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:47383
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:47383 [details]
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard) J.Schiller, 1933. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110304 on 2024-04-18
Date
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Copyright notice: the information originating from AlgaeBase may not be downloaded or replicated by any means, without the written permission of the copyright owner (generally AlgaeBase). Fair usage of data in scientific publications is permitted.
original description
Pavillard J. 1916. Recherches sur les péridiniens du Golf de Lion. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montpellier et Stat. Zool. Cette. Trav., sér. mixte, Mém. 4: 1-73. [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors
[request]
context source (RAS) Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]
basis of record Gómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. <em>Acta Bot. Croat.</em> 64(1): 129-212. [details]
basis of record Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Tomas, C.R. (Ed.). (1997). Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780126930184 [details]
additional source Brandt, S. (2001). Dinoflagellates, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 47-53 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. <em>Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review.</em> 43: 419-453. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College [details]
additional source Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae., available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/HAB [details]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Steidinger, K.A.; Tangen, K. (1997). Dinoflagellates. pp. 387-584. In: C.R. Tomas (ed.) (1997). Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780126930184500057 [details]
additional source Balech, E. (2002). Dinoflagelados tecados tóxicos en el Cono Sur Americano. <em>In: Sar, E.A., Ferrario, M.E. & Reguera, B. (Eds.). Floraciones Algales Nocivas en el Cono Sur Americano. Instituto Español de Oceanografía.</em> pp. 123-144. [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Campbell, P.H. (1973). Studies on brackish water phytoplankton. UNC.SG.73.07. pp. 1-406. Chapel Hill: Sea Grant Publications, University of North Carolina. [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Wickfors G.H. & Smolowitz R.M.1995. Experimental and histological studies of four life-history stages of the eastern oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i>, exposed to a cultured strain of the dinoflagellate <i>Prorocentrum minimum</i>. Biol. Bull. 188: 313-328. [details]
source of synonymy Velikova, V. and Larsen, J. (1999). The Prorocentrum cordatum/Prorocentrum minimum taxonomic problem. Grana 38(2-3) pp. 108-112, available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/713786922 [details]
new combination reference Schiller, J. (1931-1937). Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae) in monographischer Behandlung. <em>Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora.</em> Band 10, Abt. 3, Teil 1: 1-617. Akademie Verlag, Leipzig. [details]
toxicology source Wickfors G.H. & Smolowitz R.M.1993. Detrimental effects of a Prorocentrum isolate upon hard clams and bay scallops in laboratory feeding studies. In: <i>Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea</i> (Ed. by T.J. Smayda & Y. Shimizu), pp. 447-452. Elsevier, New York. [details]
toxicology source Grzebyk, D.; Deardon, A.; Berland, B.; Puochus, Y. F. (1997). Evidence of a new toxin in the red-tide dinoflagellate <i>Prorocentrum minimum</i>. <em>Journal of Plankton Research.</em> 19: 1111-1124. [details]
context source (Introduced species) Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors
[request] context source (RAS) Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]
basis of record Gómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. <em>Acta Bot. Croat.</em> 64(1): 129-212. [details]
basis of record Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2023). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Tomas, C.R. (Ed.). (1997). Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780126930184 [details]
additional source Brandt, S. (2001). Dinoflagellates, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 47-53 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. <em>Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review.</em> 43: 419-453. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College [details]
additional source Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae., available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/HAB [details]
additional source Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Steidinger, K.A.; Tangen, K. (1997). Dinoflagellates. pp. 387-584. In: C.R. Tomas (ed.) (1997). Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780126930184500057 [details]
additional source Balech, E. (2002). Dinoflagelados tecados tóxicos en el Cono Sur Americano. <em>In: Sar, E.A., Ferrario, M.E. & Reguera, B. (Eds.). Floraciones Algales Nocivas en el Cono Sur Americano. Instituto Español de Oceanografía.</em> pp. 123-144. [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Campbell, P.H. (1973). Studies on brackish water phytoplankton. UNC.SG.73.07. pp. 1-406. Chapel Hill: Sea Grant Publications, University of North Carolina. [details] Available for editors
[request] additional source Wickfors G.H. & Smolowitz R.M.1995. Experimental and histological studies of four life-history stages of the eastern oyster, <i>Crassostrea virginica</i>, exposed to a cultured strain of the dinoflagellate <i>Prorocentrum minimum</i>. Biol. Bull. 188: 313-328. [details]
source of synonymy Velikova, V. and Larsen, J. (1999). The Prorocentrum cordatum/Prorocentrum minimum taxonomic problem. Grana 38(2-3) pp. 108-112, available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/713786922 [details]
new combination reference Schiller, J. (1931-1937). Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae) in monographischer Behandlung. <em>Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora.</em> Band 10, Abt. 3, Teil 1: 1-617. Akademie Verlag, Leipzig. [details]
toxicology source Wickfors G.H. & Smolowitz R.M.1993. Detrimental effects of a Prorocentrum isolate upon hard clams and bay scallops in laboratory feeding studies. In: <i>Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea</i> (Ed. by T.J. Smayda & Y. Shimizu), pp. 447-452. Elsevier, New York. [details]
toxicology source Grzebyk, D.; Deardon, A.; Berland, B.; Puochus, Y. F. (1997). Evidence of a new toxin in the red-tide dinoflagellate <i>Prorocentrum minimum</i>. <em>Journal of Plankton Research.</em> 19: 1111-1124. [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:47383 [details]From regional or thematic species database
Harmful effect Intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts are toxic tomice. Ingested cells can cause detrimental effects in molluscs. Some strains excrete substances toxic to Artemia-nauplii. [details]Harmful effect Some earlier reports of P. minimum toxicity are erroneous due to the co-occurrence of e.g. toxic Dinophysis cells, e.g., Kat M. 1985. Dinophysis acuminata blooms, the distinct cause of Dutch mussel poisoning. In: Toxic Dinoflagellates (Ed. by D.M. Anderson, A.W. White & D.G. Baden), pp. 73-77. Elsevier, New York. [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea (Marine Region) : Shipping [details]
From other sources
Diet general for group: both heterotrophic (eat other organisms) and autotrophic (photosynthetic) [details]Habitat pelagic [details]
Importance General: known for producing dangerous toxins, particularly when in large numbers, called "red tides" because the cells are so abundant they make water change color. Also they can produce non-fatal or fatal amounts of toxins in predators (particularly shellfish) that may be eaten by humans. [details]
Predators marine microorganisms and animal larvae [details]
Reproduction general for group: both sexual and asexual [details]
Published in AlgaeBase 
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Prorocentrum marielebouriae (Parke & Ballantine) A.R.Loeblich III, 1970)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Exuviaella marie-lebouriae Parke & Ballantine, 1957)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Exuviaella minima Schiller, 1933)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Prorocentrum cordiforme Bursa, 1959)
To Barcode of Life (15 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Prorocentrum cordiforme Bursa, 1959)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (14 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications) (from synonym Exuviaella minima Schiller, 1933)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (8 publications) (from synonym Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive (ENA)
To GenBank (154963 nucleotides; 52401 proteins)
To Information system on Aquatic Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species (AquaNIS)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929)
To ITIS
Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Prorocentrum marielebouriae (Parke & Ballantine) A.R.Loeblich III, 1970)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Exuviaella marie-lebouriae Parke & Ballantine, 1957)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Exuviaella minima Schiller, 1933)Published in AlgaeBase
(from synonym Prorocentrum cordiforme Bursa, 1959)To Barcode of Life (15 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Prorocentrum cordiforme Bursa, 1959)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (14 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications) (from synonym Exuviaella minima Schiller, 1933)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (8 publications) (from synonym Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive (ENA)
To GenBank (154963 nucleotides; 52401 proteins)
To Information system on Aquatic Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species (AquaNIS)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Prorocentrum triangulatum Martin, 1929)
To ITIS
