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Name

Compagno, L.J.V. (2001). Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 1, Vol. 2. Rome, FAO. 269p.

SourceID

138597

Authors

Compagno, L.J.V.

Year

2001

Title

Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes)

Journal

FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes

Suffix

No. 1, Vol. 2. Rome, FAO. 269p

Type

Publication

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Holotype MNHN 9855, geounit Table Bay, identified as Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828
Holotype SIO SIO-70-90, geounit Sonora, identified as Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

Biology

for Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831)

Oviparous, details of spawning not recorded. Biology poorly known. Probably eats bottom invertebrates as with other ... [details]

Depth range

for Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)

deepish water species found at 40 to 275 m, with most records below 100m and from trawler hauls [details]

Diet

for Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

feeds on a wide variety of bony fishes (teleosts), with elasmobranchs an important secondary prey; crustaceans, ... [details]

Diet

for Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884

feeds on crustaceans, molluscs (including top shells [Trochidae; Gastropoda]), small fishes and sea urchins. [details]

Diet

for Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

Feeds on crabs and demersal fishes including midshipman (Porichthys, Batrachoididae). [details]

Diet

for Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793)

feeds primarily on benthic invertebrates, mainly echinoderms. Prey items include sea urchins, starfish, ... [details]

Habitat

for Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

An inshore and offshore, littoral shark. This shark occurs in the surf zone off sandy and rocky beaches, in shallow ... [details]

Habitat

for Chiloscyllium arabicum Gubanov, 1980

Found on coral reefs, lagoons, rocky shores, and mangrove estuaries, depths from 3 to 100 m. [details]

Habitat

for Gyropleurodus ramalheira Smith, 1949

moderately deep water [details]

Habitat

for Hemiscyllium hallstromi Whitley, 1967

A little-known inshore bottom shark, possibly on coral reefs. [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontidae Gray, 1851

These are warm-temperate and tropical bottom sharks of water above 21°C, mostly confined to the continental and ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

A common benthic and epibenthic shark, found on the eastern Pacific continental shelf most abundantly at depths ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus galeatus (Günther, 1870)

A moderately common benthic and epibenthic shark of the southern Australian continental shelf at moderate depths, ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884

A common, temperate-water bullhead shark of the western North Pacific continental shelf, occurring at moderate ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

A warm-temperate and tropical bullhead shark of littoral continental waters, found on rocky bottom including reefs ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793)

Acommon littoral, nocturnal bottom shark of the temperate Australian continental shelves and uppermost slopes, ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus quoyi (Fréminville, 1840)

A little-known but apparently common tropical and warm-temperate bullhead shark of inshore continental and insular ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)

outer continental shelf and uppermost slope [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus sp.A J. Mee

Caught off southern Oman, depth 80 m, presumably on soft bottom as specimens came from commercial trawlers. [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831)

on the continental and insular shelves of the western Pacific from inshore down to at least 50 m in the South China ... [details]

Habitat

for Mitsukurina owstoni Jordan, 1898

Apoorly known, bottom-dwelling shark that inhabits the outer continental shelves and upper slopes and is found ... [details]

Habitat

for Odontaspididae Müller & Henle, 1839

Sand tiger sharks are tropical to warm-temperate, inshore to offshore, littoral and deepwater sharks. They occur in ... [details]

Habitat

for Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810)

This shark is a little-known inhabitant of deepish water in warm-temperate and tropical seas, on or near the bottom ... [details]

Habitat

for Odontaspis noronhai (Maul, 1955)

Apparently an inhabitant of the continental and insular slopes near the bottom at 600 to 1 000 or more metres ... [details]

Habitat

for Orectolobus japonicus Regan, 1906

A little-known temperate to tropical inshore bottom shark, found on rocky and coral reefs. [details]

Habitat

for Orectolobus wardi Whitley, 1939

A little-known but possibly common tropical inshore bottom shark of the Australian northern continental shelf. ... [details]

Length

for Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

Maximum total length at least 318 cm, with recent records from shark meshing operations in Australia suggesting a ... [details]

Length

for Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

Maximum 122 cm but most adults are below 97 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus galeatus (Günther, 1870)

Maximum said to be 152 cm long and attaining at least 130 cm, but most individuals are below 122 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884

Maximum total length about 120 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

Maximum size about 70 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793)

Maximum total length reported as 165 cm, but apparently rare above 137 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus quoyi (Fréminville, 1840)

Maximum total length 61 cm [details]

Length

for Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)

Maximum about 83 cm; hatchling 18 cm; males immature at 39 cm, adolescent at 56 cm, adults to at least 69 cm; ... [details]

Length

for Heterodontus sp.A J. Mee

Maximum size 61 cm. An adult male is 52 cm and an adult female 61.2 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831)

Maximum total length about 122 cm, hatchlings at least 15 cm, males immature at 44 cm and mature at 64 to 84 cm, ... [details]

Remark

for Heterodontus sp.A J. Mee

pers. comm. for a bullhead shark collected off Oman, apparently representing an undescribed species. This is ... [details]