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== Classification of Coastlines ==
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== Environmental risk assessment of marine activities ==
  
[[Image:classification coast.jpg|thumb|right|A classification of coastlines and a presentation of morphological features.]]
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This article focuses on '''Ecological Risk Assessment (EcoRA) of Marine activities'''. We first describe the general aspects and steps of the ERA process that most risk assessments are confronted with. The application of environmental risk assessment of marine activites is then illustrated in a case study focusing Merchant Shipping in the [[Case study risk analysis of marine activities in the Belgian part of the North Sea|Belgian Part of the North Sea]] (BPNS).
  
The general principles have been presented for the [[Classification of Coastal Profiles| classification of coastal profiles]]. However, the type of coastal profile is not sufficient to characterise the [[coastal morphology]] or to evaluate the stability of the [[coastline]]s, as these conditions also depend on the [[longshore transport|longshore processes]]. The interaction between the longshore processes and the given coastal geology, sediment supply, etc., results in the formation of different types of coastlines and coastal features. Therefore, in order to be able to make an overall evaluation of a certain site in relation to [[shoreline management]] activities, it is also relevant to study the coastline features. This is done by dividing the coastlines into nearly straight sections and into special coastal features, such as [[deltas]], [[barrier islands]], [[sand spits]], etc. The nearly straight coastlines are subdivided into categories dependent on the [[Angle of Incidence|angle of incidence]] of the prevailing [[waves]] and dependent on wave exposure. The geomorphological processes associated with these physical strutures are also fundamental to the way in which the more dynamic habitats and ecosystems of [[Terrestrial coastal habitats and ecosystems|coastal terrestrial]] areas and [[Coastal habitats and ecosystems in transitional waters|transitional waters]] develop.
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'''Introduction'''
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In broad terms, risk assessment is the procedure in which the risks posed by inherent hazards involved in processes or situations are estimated either quantitatively or qualitatively. Environmental Risk Assessments (ERA) are carried out to examine the effects of an entity or agent on humans (Health Risk Assessment) and [[ecosystems]] (Ecological Risk Assessment).

Revision as of 12:59, 25 March 2008

Environmental risk assessment of marine activities

This article focuses on Ecological Risk Assessment (EcoRA) of Marine activities. We first describe the general aspects and steps of the ERA process that most risk assessments are confronted with. The application of environmental risk assessment of marine activites is then illustrated in a case study focusing Merchant Shipping in the Belgian Part of the North Sea (BPNS).


Introduction

In broad terms, risk assessment is the procedure in which the risks posed by inherent hazards involved in processes or situations are estimated either quantitatively or qualitatively. Environmental Risk Assessments (ERA) are carried out to examine the effects of an entity or agent on humans (Health Risk Assessment) and ecosystems (Ecological Risk Assessment).