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Porifera name details
original description
Hentschel, E. (1909). Tetraxonida. I. Teil. Pp. 347-402, pls XXII-XXIII. <i>In</i>: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds), Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens. <em>Ergebnisse der Hamburger südwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905.</em> 2 :21. [details]
additional source
Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Butler, P.J. (2020). Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4745(1): 1-93., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4745.1.1 page(s): 60 [details] Available for editors [request]
From editor or global species database
Homonymy We cite here Van Soest et al.'s (2020: 60) explanation for a potential case of homonymy involving this combination.
Removal of homonymy between Stelletta tuberosa (Topsent, 1892, as Astrella) and Stelletta tuberosa Hentschel, 1909.
1. Astrella tuberosa Topsent, 1892: 44 (type locality Azores, North Atlantic). Originally assigned to the genus Astrella Sollas, 1886: 193 by Topsent (1892: 44), he transferred the species to Stelletta tuberosa in the Azores monograph (Topsent 1904: 75) and later works. This combination remains valid for the time being, but Cárdenas et al. (2011: figs 2–3) and Cárdenas & Rapp (2015: 1490) demonstrated that using molecular sequence data, S. tuberosa (Topsent) is a member of an extended genus Geodia Lamarck, 1815: 333 despite its lack of sterrasters. If the species would be transferred to the combination Geodia tuberosa (Topsent, 1892) then this would create a junior primary homonym with Geodia tuberosa Schmidt, 1862: 50. There is an even earlier name Geodia tuberosa Schweiggert, 1819: 40, but from the context (Schweiggert 1819: 40, pl. III figs 18–19) it is obviously an incorrect subsequent spelling of Geodia gibberosa Lamarck, 1815: 331 in the sense of ICZN Art. 33.3, and as such is not available and cannot enter into homonymy. The name is maintained (ICZN Art. 57.3) until its true taxonomic affinities are established.
2. Stelletta tuberosa Hentschel, 1909: 353 (type locality Geraldton, Southwest Australia). According to Hooper & Wiedenmayer (1994: 63), Hentschel’s species is a junior synonym of Stelletta purpurea Ridley, 1884a: 473. This synonymy decision was based on a single small paper (3 pp.), Burton (1926: 45–46), which essentially provides a list of 20+ Stelletta species from the wider Indo-West Pacific described by 15+ different authors all thought to belong to a single species. No separate comparisons between the various species descriptions, barring a few loose remarks, were made by Burton. The allegation that these species all belong to a single widespread Stelletta purpurea is not supported by further evidence, nor any subsequent molecular evidence so far. If Burton was correct in his assumption that the present species is a junior synonym of Stelletta purpurea, then the homonymy with Topsent’s species is removed.
3. Summary: Stelletta tuberosa (Topsent, 1892) is currently a senior secondary homonym to be maintained (ICZN Art. 57.3) until the time it might be transferred to Geodia. If that happens a new species name will have to be erected, because it would become a junior secondary homonym of Geodia tuberosa Schmidt, 1862 (ICZN Art. 60.3) (but not of Geodia tuberosa Schweiggert, 1819 as this is a misspelling and not available, not entering into homonymy, cf. ICZN Art. 33.3). Stelletta tuberosa Hentschel, 1909 is a junior secondary homonym, but its proposed junior synonymy with Stelletta purpurea Ridley, 1884a removes the homonymy (ICZN Art. 60.1). However, we stress that the evidence for this synonymy has not been presented so far. [details]
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