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Porifera taxon detailsXestospongia topsenti Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
 1424380 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:1424380)
accepted
Species
Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892 · unaccepted (genus transfer abd misapplication)
Xestospongia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892 · unaccepted (misapplication)
marine,
recent only
Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Butler, P.J. (2020). Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4745(1): 1-93., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4745.1.1
page(s): 64 [details] Available for editors  [request]
Nomenclature We cite here Van Soest, Hooper & Butler's (2020) text explaining the case for this nomen novum.
Removal of homonymy...
Nomenclature We cite here Van Soest, Hooper & Butler's (2020) text explaining the case for this nomen novum. Removal of homonymy between Xestospongia variabilis (Ridley, 1884a) and Xestospongia variabilis (Topsent, 1892a). 1. Schmidtia variabilis Ridley, 1884a: 415 (type locality Torres Strait, North Australia). The genus Schmidtia Balsamo-Crivelli, 1863: 8 was erected for type species Reniera dura Nardo, 1834: 715. Until now it is considered a junior synonym of Schmidtia† Von Volborth, 1869: 208 (Brachiopoda from the Lower Silurian), based on Vosmaer’s (1885: 338) assertion that Von Volborth described the genus in 1860, three years before Balsamo-Crivelli, who described his genus in 1863. Vosmaer (l.c.) erected Petrosia as a replacement name, with the same type species, Reniera dura. However, we discovered that Von Volborth’s Schmidtia† was only described in 1869, not 1860, clearly after Balsamo-Crivelli’s Schmidtia. We have established that the junior genus name Petrosia nevertheless is eligible for conservation under ICZN Art. 23.9: the senior name Schmidtia Balsamo-Crivelli, 1863 has not been used for sponges after 1899 (ICZN Art. 23.9.1.1) and is thus a nomen oblitum, while the junior name Petrosia Vosmaer, 1885 has been used in more than 25 works by more than 10 authors in the immediately preceding 50 years encompassing a span of more than 10 years, and as such is a nomen protectum in the sense of ICZN Art. 23.9.1.2. Schmidtia variabilis was reassigned to Petrosia variabilis by Wilson (1904: 118), who also erected an East Pacific Petrosia variabilis var. crassa. Both are currently reassigned to the genus Xestospongia. P. variabilis var. crassa is a junior secondary homonym of North East Atlantic Petrosia crassa (Carter, 1876) (see above), but due to its reassignment to Xestospongia the homonymy is removed. 2. Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892a: 68 (type locality Azores, North Atlantic). Recent revisions (e.g. De Weerdt & Van Soest 1986: 37) have established that Topsent’s specimens do not meet the conditions of Petrosia by having distinct size and shape categories of oxeas, and his record was reassigned to the genus Xestospongia. Since Topsent (1892a) did refer to Ridley’s Schmidtia variabilis his use of the name Petrosia variabilis is not a case of homonymy, but merely misapplication, i.e. Topsent assumed conspecificity with Ridley’s species, but in view of the widely different localities and depths this is not considered reasonable. In this case, we propose to rename the North Atlantic populations as Xestospongia topsenti nom. nov., with syntype in the Musée Océanographique de Monaco (MOM), 4 specimens from l’Hirondelle stations 229 and 234, off the Azores, North Atlantic, reg.nr. unknown, specimens not so far recognized in the collections of MOM (Michèle Bruni, in litteris). 3. Summary: Despite the fact that the senior synonym Schmidtia Balsano-Crivelli, 1863 is not a preoccupied genus name, we still support the junior replacement name Petrosia Vosmaer, 1885 to be valid as a nomen protectum (ICZN Art. 23.9.2). Xestospongia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892a is a misapplied assignment, to be replaced by Xestospongia topsenti nom. nov., named after Émile Topsent. [details]
de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez, B.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Díaz, M.-C.; Dohrmann, M.; Downey, R.; Goodwin, C.; Hajdu, E.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Kelly, M.; Klautau, M.; Lim, S.C.; Manconi, R.; Morrow, C.; Pinheiro, U.; Pisera, A.B.; Ríos, P.; Rützler, K.; Schönberg, C.; Turner, T.; Vacelet, J.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Xavier, J. (2024). World Porifera Database. Xestospongia topsenti Van Soest & Hooper, 2020. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=taxdetails&id=1424380 on 2024-04-16
Date action by
original description
Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Butler, P.J. (2020). Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4745(1): 1-93., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4745.1.1
page(s): 64 [details] Available for editors [request] original description (of Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) Topsent, E. (1892). Contribution à l'étude des Spongiaires de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Terre-Neuve, Açores). <em>Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco.</em> 2: 1-165, pls I-XI. page(s): 68-69; note: Topsent has indicated Ridley as author of this species [details]  additional source (of Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) Topsent, E. (1904). Spongiaires des Açores. <em>Résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco.</em> 25: 1-280, pls 1-18., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40603003 page(s): 240 [details] additional source (of Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) Van Soest, R.W.M. (2001). Porifera, <b><i>in</i></b>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification</i>. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 85-103. (look up in IMIS) [details] new combination reference (of Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Butler, P.J. (2020). Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4745(1): 1-93., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4745.1.1 page(s): 64 [details] Available for editors [request] new combination reference (of Xestospongia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Butler, P.J. (2020). Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4745(1): 1-93., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4745.1.1 page(s): 64 [details] Available for editors [request]  Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Nomenclature We cite here Van Soest, Hooper & Butler's (2020) text explaining the case for this nomen novum.Removal of homonymy between Xestospongia variabilis (Ridley, 1884a) and Xestospongia variabilis (Topsent, 1892a). 1. Schmidtia variabilis Ridley, 1884a: 415 (type locality Torres Strait, North Australia). The genus Schmidtia Balsamo-Crivelli, 1863: 8 was erected for type species Reniera dura Nardo, 1834: 715. Until now it is considered a junior synonym of Schmidtia† Von Volborth, 1869: 208 (Brachiopoda from the Lower Silurian), based on Vosmaer’s (1885: 338) assertion that Von Volborth described the genus in 1860, three years before Balsamo-Crivelli, who described his genus in 1863. Vosmaer (l.c.) erected Petrosia as a replacement name, with the same type species, Reniera dura. However, we discovered that Von Volborth’s Schmidtia† was only described in 1869, not 1860, clearly after Balsamo-Crivelli’s Schmidtia. We have established that the junior genus name Petrosia nevertheless is eligible for conservation under ICZN Art. 23.9: the senior name Schmidtia Balsamo-Crivelli, 1863 has not been used for sponges after 1899 (ICZN Art. 23.9.1.1) and is thus a nomen oblitum, while the junior name Petrosia Vosmaer, 1885 has been used in more than 25 works by more than 10 authors in the immediately preceding 50 years encompassing a span of more than 10 years, and as such is a nomen protectum in the sense of ICZN Art. 23.9.1.2. Schmidtia variabilis was reassigned to Petrosia variabilis by Wilson (1904: 118), who also erected an East Pacific Petrosia variabilis var. crassa. Both are currently reassigned to the genus Xestospongia. P. variabilis var. crassa is a junior secondary homonym of North East Atlantic Petrosia crassa (Carter, 1876) (see above), but due to its reassignment to Xestospongia the homonymy is removed. 2. Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892a: 68 (type locality Azores, North Atlantic). Recent revisions (e.g. De Weerdt & Van Soest 1986: 37) have established that Topsent’s specimens do not meet the conditions of Petrosia by having distinct size and shape categories of oxeas, and his record was reassigned to the genus Xestospongia. Since Topsent (1892a) did refer to Ridley’s Schmidtia variabilis his use of the name Petrosia variabilis is not a case of homonymy, but merely misapplication, i.e. Topsent assumed conspecificity with Ridley’s species, but in view of the widely different localities and depths this is not considered reasonable. In this case, we propose to rename the North Atlantic populations as Xestospongia topsenti nom. nov., with syntype in the Musée Océanographique de Monaco (MOM), 4 specimens from l’Hirondelle stations 229 and 234, off the Azores, North Atlantic, reg.nr. unknown, specimens not so far recognized in the collections of MOM (Michèle Bruni, in litteris). 3. Summary: Despite the fact that the senior synonym Schmidtia Balsano-Crivelli, 1863 is not a preoccupied genus name, we still support the junior replacement name Petrosia Vosmaer, 1885 to be valid as a nomen protectum (ICZN Art. 23.9.2). Xestospongia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892a is a misapplied assignment, to be replaced by Xestospongia topsenti nom. nov., named after Émile Topsent. [details]
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892)
To PESI (from synonym Petrosia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) To PESI (from synonym Xestospongia variabilis sensu Topsent, 1892) From editor or global species database
Image from synonym
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