WoRMS taxon details
Ostreopsis rhodesiae Verma, Hoppenrath & S.A.Murray, 2016
889864 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:889864)
accepted
Species
Ostreopsis rhodesae Verma, Hoppenrath & S.A.Murray, 2016 · unaccepted (Incorrect original spelling....)
Incorrect original spelling. Correctable to "rhodesiae" under Art. 60
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Verma, A.; Hoppenrath, M.; Dorantes-Aranda, J. J.; Harwood, D. T.; Murray, S. A. (2016). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Ostreopsis (Dinophyceae) and the description of a new species, Ostreopsis rhodesae sp. nov., from a subtropical Australian lagoon. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 60: 116-130., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2016.11.004 [details] Available for editors 
[request]
[request]
Type locality contained in Heron Reef
type locality contained in Heron Reef [details]
Etymology named in honour of Dr. Lesley Rhodes, whose pioneering research has significantly contributed to the general understanding...
Description The strongly anterio-posteriorly flattened cells were ovate (drop/tear-shaped) and ventrally tapering. Cells of the type...
Etymology named in honour of Dr. Lesley Rhodes, whose pioneering research has significantly contributed to the general understanding of the impact of toxic dinoflagellates and harmful algal blooms worldwide. [details]
Description The strongly anterio-posteriorly flattened cells were ovate (drop/tear-shaped) and ventrally tapering. Cells of the type...
Description The strongly anterio-posteriorly flattened cells were ovate (drop/tear-shaped) and ventrally tapering. Cells of the type strain (HER32) were 32–56 μm deep (44.2 ± 6.3 S.E., n = 30; DV diameter) and 23–42 μm (32.4 ± 5.3 S.E., n = 30) wide (W) and varied from 1.2–1.9 (mean = 1.4) in DV/W ratio. The maximal size ranges of all investigated strains were 28.3–57.8 μm deep and 16.7–44.2 μm wide. Cells were densely packed with elongated golden-brown chloroplasts, except for the ventral area. The oval nucleus was located dorsally. Pusules were not recorded. No significant differences in DV diameter and width were identified between O. cf. ovata, O. cf. siamensis and O. rhodesae. The plate formula is APC 3'7'' 6c 8?s 5''' 2''''. The narrow, slightly curved and elongated apical pore complex (APC) was located parallel to the left mid-lateral to dorsal cell margin. The Po plate was about 9–11 mm long. The first apical plate (1') was long, hexagonal and most of it located left to the centre of the epitheca. Extremely few cells
had a heptagonal 1' plate contacting Plate 5''. The characteristic second apical plate (2') was narrow and elongated, about twice as long as the Po plate. Plate 2' completely separates Plate 3' from 3''. Its extension was very difficult to observe in complete cells. The third apical plate (3') was pentagonal, had a suture with Plate 6'' , and did not touch Plate 3''. In the precingular series Plate 1'' was the smallest and 6'' the largest. All precingular plates were four-sided, except the second (2'') and sixth (6'') that were pentagonal. Plate 5'' was not in contact with Plate 1', with a few exceptions. The cingulum was narrow, deep, and slightly undulated and cingular plates were difficult to determine, nearly only in broken cells (not shown). Six cingular plates were observed. The postcingular plate series consisted of a very small first (1''') plate, a medium sized fifth (5''') plate and three large plates (2''', 3''', 4''') with pentagonal 2''' and four-sided 3''' and 4'''. The two antapical plates were of unequal size, 1'''' relatively small and 2'''' being asymmetrical pentagonal, and relatively wide with nearly parallel sides (sutures with 2''' and 5'''). The hidden sulcal construction was not completely visible (in broken cells) and it consisted of at least 8 plates. Thecal plates were smooth with scattered large pores with an internal sieve-like structure of small pores. Nearly all pores were of the same size class. Only in a very few cases, best recognizable in thecal plate inside views, single smaller and simple pores were observed. [details]
had a heptagonal 1' plate contacting Plate 5''. The characteristic second apical plate (2') was narrow and elongated, about twice as long as the Po plate. Plate 2' completely separates Plate 3' from 3''. Its extension was very difficult to observe in complete cells. The third apical plate (3') was pentagonal, had a suture with Plate 6'' , and did not touch Plate 3''. In the precingular series Plate 1'' was the smallest and 6'' the largest. All precingular plates were four-sided, except the second (2'') and sixth (6'') that were pentagonal. Plate 5'' was not in contact with Plate 1', with a few exceptions. The cingulum was narrow, deep, and slightly undulated and cingular plates were difficult to determine, nearly only in broken cells (not shown). Six cingular plates were observed. The postcingular plate series consisted of a very small first (1''') plate, a medium sized fifth (5''') plate and three large plates (2''', 3''', 4''') with pentagonal 2''' and four-sided 3''' and 4'''. The two antapical plates were of unequal size, 1'''' relatively small and 2'''' being asymmetrical pentagonal, and relatively wide with nearly parallel sides (sutures with 2''' and 5'''). The hidden sulcal construction was not completely visible (in broken cells) and it consisted of at least 8 plates. Thecal plates were smooth with scattered large pores with an internal sieve-like structure of small pores. Nearly all pores were of the same size class. Only in a very few cases, best recognizable in thecal plate inside views, single smaller and simple pores were observed. [details]
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Ostreopsis rhodesiae Verma, Hoppenrath & S.A.Murray, 2016. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=889864 on 2024-04-19
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original description
Verma, A.; Hoppenrath, M.; Dorantes-Aranda, J. J.; Harwood, D. T.; Murray, S. A. (2016). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Ostreopsis (Dinophyceae) and the description of a new species, Ostreopsis rhodesae sp. nov., from a subtropical Australian lagoon. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 60: 116-130., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2016.11.004 [details] Available for editors [request]
original description (of Ostreopsis rhodesae Verma, Hoppenrath & S.A.Murray, 2016) Verma, A.; Hoppenrath, M.; Dorantes-Aranda, J. J.; Harwood, D. T.; Murray, S. A. (2016). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Ostreopsis (Dinophyceae) and the description of a new species, Ostreopsis rhodesae sp. nov., from a subtropical Australian lagoon. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 60: 116-130., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2016.11.004 [details] Available for editors [request]
[request] original description (of Ostreopsis rhodesae Verma, Hoppenrath & S.A.Murray, 2016) Verma, A.; Hoppenrath, M.; Dorantes-Aranda, J. J.; Harwood, D. T.; Murray, S. A. (2016). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Ostreopsis (Dinophyceae) and the description of a new species, Ostreopsis rhodesae sp. nov., from a subtropical Australian lagoon. <em>Harmful Algae.</em> 60: 116-130., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2016.11.004 [details] Available for editors
[request] 
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Etymology named in honour of Dr. Lesley Rhodes, whose pioneering research has significantly contributed to the general understanding of the impact of toxic dinoflagellates and harmful algal blooms worldwide. [details]Spelling Ostreopsis rhodesae is correctable to Ostreopsis rhodesiae under Art. 60 [details]
From regional or thematic species database
Description The strongly anterio-posteriorly flattened cells were ovate (drop/tear-shaped) and ventrally tapering. Cells of the type strain (HER32) were 32–56 μm deep (44.2 ± 6.3 S.E., n = 30; DV diameter) and 23–42 μm (32.4 ± 5.3 S.E., n = 30) wide (W) and varied from 1.2–1.9 (mean = 1.4) in DV/W ratio. The maximal size ranges of all investigated strains were 28.3–57.8 μm deep and 16.7–44.2 μm wide. Cells were densely packed with elongated golden-brown chloroplasts, except for the ventral area. The oval nucleus was located dorsally. Pusules were not recorded. No significant differences in DV diameter and width were identified between O. cf. ovata, O. cf. siamensis and O. rhodesae. The plate formula is APC 3'7'' 6c 8?s 5''' 2''''. The narrow, slightly curved and elongated apical pore complex (APC) was located parallel to the left mid-lateral to dorsal cell margin. The Po plate was about 9–11 mm long. The first apical plate (1') was long, hexagonal and most of it located left to the centre of the epitheca. Extremely few cellshad a heptagonal 1' plate contacting Plate 5''. The characteristic second apical plate (2') was narrow and elongated, about twice as long as the Po plate. Plate 2' completely separates Plate 3' from 3''. Its extension was very difficult to observe in complete cells. The third apical plate (3') was pentagonal, had a suture with Plate 6'' , and did not touch Plate 3''. In the precingular series Plate 1'' was the smallest and 6'' the largest. All precingular plates were four-sided, except the second (2'') and sixth (6'') that were pentagonal. Plate 5'' was not in contact with Plate 1', with a few exceptions. The cingulum was narrow, deep, and slightly undulated and cingular plates were difficult to determine, nearly only in broken cells (not shown). Six cingular plates were observed. The postcingular plate series consisted of a very small first (1''') plate, a medium sized fifth (5''') plate and three large plates (2''', 3''', 4''') with pentagonal 2''' and four-sided 3''' and 4'''. The two antapical plates were of unequal size, 1'''' relatively small and 2'''' being asymmetrical pentagonal, and relatively wide with nearly parallel sides (sutures with 2''' and 5'''). The hidden sulcal construction was not completely visible (in broken cells) and it consisted of at least 8 plates. Thecal plates were smooth with scattered large pores with an internal sieve-like structure of small pores. Nearly all pores were of the same size class. Only in a very few cases, best recognizable in thecal plate inside views, single smaller and simple pores were observed. [details]
Harmful effect No PLTX have been shown, but cytotoxicity against fish gill cell lines has been shown (Verma et al. 2016). [details]
Identification Ostreopsis rhodesae has a tabulation pattern typical for the genus (Hoppenrath et al., 2014) and although it is genetically different from other Ostreopsis species, it appears highly similar to O. cf. siamensis and O. cf. ovata based on light microscopy. The species distinction for O. rhodesae was determined through rDNA phylogenetic analyses, presence of CBCs in the ITS2 region and thorough SEM investigations. The elongated second apical plate (2') is twice as long as the APC plate and it separates the third apical (3') from the third precingular (3'') plate. All Ostreopsis species have a 2' plate about the length of the APC, and Plates 3' and 3'' are in contact, except for O. heptagona Norris, Bomber et Balech (Faust et al., 1996; Hoppenrath et al., 2014; Norris et al., 1985). The 2' plate is a characteristic feature for O. rhodesae and O. heptagona. The irregular heptagonal first apical plate (1') having an additional suture with the fifth precingular plate is special for O. heptagona (Faust et al., 1996; Norris et al., 1985). In contrast, O. rhodesae typically has a hexagonal 1' plate that is not in contact with Plate 5'' but Plates 3' and 6'' touch each other in a suture. Only extremely few cells were observed with a heptagonal Plate 1'. Aberrant specimens with a heptagonal 1' plate were also recorded in culture for O. ovata (Besada et al., 1982) and O. cf. ovata (Penna et al., 2010). In these rare cases, the shape of the 1' plate is ambiguous for species identification. Ostreopsis rhodesae can additionally be clearly distinguished from O. heptagona by the shape of the second antapical plate (2'''') that has normal width as described for most Ostreopsis species and nearly parallel lateral plate sides, in contrast to a relatively narrow plate that widens ventrally (1p plate in Norris et al., 1985). Many small protuberances, each with a pore, were described as thecal ornamentation in the original description of O. heptagona (Norris et al., 1985), but Faust et al. (1996) recorded a smooth surface. O. heptagona belongs to the largest species of the genus with a cell depth of 80–122 mm (Faust et al., 1996; Norris et al., 1985) in contrast to the small O. rhodesae with a depth range of 32–56 mm. The combination of morphological characters (hexagonal 1' plate, elongated 2' plate, shape of Plate 2'''', and cell size) distinguish O. rhodesae from all described Ostreopsis species and warrants its description as new species. Interestingly, Parsons et al. (2012) provided an epithecal image of a species he identified as O. cf. ovata that shows an elongated 2' plate disconnecting Plates 3' and 3'' as in O. rhodesae, and additionally with a heptagonal 1' plate as characteristic for O. heptagona. The size of the scale bar has not been provided. Hence, in the absence of further information no clear identification could be made. The corresponding specimen from the same strain in Penna et al. (2010) had a hexagonal 1' plate and an elongated 2' plate that was not twice the length of the APC, but also separated Plates 3' from 3'' (not clearly visible). That makes it more similar to O. rhodesae and the cell was 57.5 mm deep, fitting into the species size range. Besada et al. (1982, Fig. 4) published an epitheca of O. ovata showing an elongated 2' plate that seems to separate Plates 3' and 3'' like the specimen in Penna et al. (2010). [details]
