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Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) 
AphiaID: 151158

Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Vertebrata (Subphylum) > Gnathostomata (Superclass) > Pisces (Superclass) > Actinopterygii (Class) > Perciformes (Order) > Sciaenidae (Family) > Micropogonias (Genus)
Status accepted
Record
status
 Checked by Taxonomic Editor
Rank Species
Parent Micropogonias Bonaparte, 1831
Synonymised
taxa
  Bodianus costatus Mitchill, 1815
Micropogon lineatus Cuvier, 1830
Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Perca undulata Linnaeus, 1766
Sciaena croker Lacepède, 1802
Sources  original description: Linnaeus, C. (1766). Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. 12th ed. v. 1 (pt 1): 1-532. [details]

basis of record: Eschmeyer, W.: Catalog of fishes; California Academy of Sciences, department Ichtyology., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details]

additional source: Fishbase, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details]

additional source: Gulf of Maine Biogeographic Information System (GMBIS) Electronic Atlas. 2002. November, 2002.  [details]

additional source: Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp. (look up in IMIS[details]

additional source: FishBase, version december 2007, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details]

additional source: FishBase, version may 2009 [details]

additional source: McEachran, J. D. 2009. Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]

additional source: FishBase, version october 2012 [details]

Vernacular
Names
 
Language   Name 
Dutch Amerikaanse zeeraaf  [details]
Dutch knorrepos  [details]
English Atantic croaker (from synonym)  [details]
English Atlantic croaker  [details]
English golden croaker (from synonym)  [details]
English hardhead  [details]
French tambour brésilien  [details]
Environment marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Distribution Belgian Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Gulf of Maine [details]
Gulf of Mexico [details]
North West Atlantic [details]
Schelde estuary [details]
Wimereux (not certain[details]
Host of  Mixtio inversa (Wilson C.B., 1913) (parasitic: ectoparasitic)
Links Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe (DAISIE)
To Barcode of Life (20 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (20 publications)
To Encyclopedia of Life
To FishBase
To GenBank (52 nucleotides; 57 proteins)
To PESI
To ITIS
Notes  Alien species: The Atlantic croaker or hardhead Micropogonias undulatus was previously only found along the east coast of the American continent, where it is one of the most common benthic fish. With its benthic lifestyle it is very unlikely that the species crossed the Atlantic Ocean by itself. Thus,via transport in ballast water of ships could be the origin of an introduction in Europe. Since 1998, the Atlantic croaker is found in low numbers in both Belgium and The Netherlands. [details]

Diet: Feeds mainly on worms, crustaceans and fishes [details]

Distribution: Western Atlantic: from 42.35°N to Massachusetts, USA (excluding Florida) and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Mexico; possibly from southern Brazil to Argentina. Uncertain in southern Gulf of Mexico, Lesser Antilles and southern Caribbean  [details]

Distribution: American species, found for the first time in Belgian (and even European) waters in the night of 16 to 17 August 1998, a second time in 2001 in the Zeeschelde [details]

Habitat: Occurs usually over mud and sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters and in estuaries where the nursery and feeding grounds are located. [details]

Habitat: benthic [details]

Importance: Social- Commercial, fishery and gamefish [details]
Images 
Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
added on 2006-08-18 - author: RIVO/Henk Heessen/2005
qualitystatus: not checked

Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
added on 2006-08-18 - author: RIVO/Henk Heessen/2005
qualitystatus: not checked

Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
added on 2006-08-18 - author: RIVO/Henk Heessen/2005
qualitystatus: not checked
LSID urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:151158
Taxonomic
Edit history
 
Date   action   by
2005-04-05 14:04:50Z  created  Claus, Simon
2008-01-15 17:27:08Z  changed  Bailly, Nicolas
  
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  Citation: Bailly, N. (2013). Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766). In: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2013) FishBase. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=151158 on 2013-05-26
  Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License