WoRMS taxon details
Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758
AphiaID: 127094
AphiaID: 127094
| Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Vertebrata (Subphylum) > Gnathostomata (Superclass) > Pisces (Superclass) > Actinopterygii (Class) > Perciformes (Order) > Xiphiidae (Family) > Xiphias (Genus) |
| Status | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record status | Checked by Taxonomic Editor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank | Species | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typetaxon of |
Xiphias Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent | Xiphias Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonymised taxa |
Phaethonichthys tuberculatus Nichols, 1923 Tetrapterus imperator (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Xiphasia gladius (Linnaeus, 1758) (misspelling) Xiphias estara Phillipps, 1932 Xiphias gladius estara Phillipps, 1932 Xiphias imperator Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Xiphias rondeletti Leach, 1818 Xiphias thermaicus Serbetis, 1951 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sources |
original description: Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp., available online at http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/no_cache/dms/load/toc/?IDDOC=265100 page(s): 248 [details] basis of record: van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details] basis of record: Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] additional source: FishBase, version december 2007, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details] additional source: FishBase, version may 2009 [details] additional source: Roberts, C.; Stewart, A.; Francis, M. (2009). Marine fishes (Chordata). In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp [details] additional source: McEachran, J. D. 2009. Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details] additional source: FishBase, version october 2012 [details] additional source: Dyntaxa (2013) Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013]., available online at http://www.dyntaxa.se [details] additional source: Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott. 1988. Atlantic fishes of Canada. Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 219. 731 p. [details] additional source: Eschmeyer, W.: Catalog of fishes; California Academy of Sciences, department Ichtyology., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details] additional source: Fishbase, available online at http://www.fishbase.org [details] context source (Deepsea): Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vernacular Names |
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| Direct child taxa [show all] | Subspecies Xiphias gladius estara Phillipps, 1932 accepted as Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution | Azores [details] Azores Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Baltic sea [details] Belgian Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Black Sea [details] British Columbia [details] Canadian Exclusive Economic Zone [Pacific part] [details] Chagos [details] Coastal Waters of Southeast Alaska and British Columbia [details] Comores [details] Djibouti [details] Eritrea [details] European waters (ERMS scope) [details] FAO fishing area 67 [details] Greek Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Gulf of Maine [details] Gulf of Mexico [details] IJsselmeer [details] Indian Ocean [details] Israeli part of the Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin [details] Kenya [details] Madagascar [details] Mauritius [details] Mozambique [details] New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone [details] North East Pacific [details] North Pacific [details] North West Atlantic [details] Pacific Ocean [details] Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Red Sea [details] Reunion [details] Seychelles [details] Somalia [details] South Africa (country) [details] South Atlantic [details] Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Sri Lanka [details] Swedish Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Tanzania [details] United Kingdom Exclusive Economic Zone [details] Western Indian Ocean [details] Westerschelde [details] Wimereux (not certain) [details] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Host of |
Acanthochondria cornuta (Müller O.F., 1776) (parasitic: ectoparasitic)
Philichthys xiphiae Steenstrup, 1862 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Neobrachiella ramosa (Richiardi, 1880) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Pennella filosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Pennella instructa Wilson C.B., 1917 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Pennella orthagorisci Wright E.P., 1870 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Pennella tridentata Listowsky, 1892 (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Gloiopotes longicaudatus (Marukawa, 1925) (parasitic: ectoparasitic) Philichthys xiphiae Steenstrup, 1862 (parasitic: endoparasitic) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Links | To Barcode of Life (70 barcodes) To Biodiversity Heritage Library (699 publications) To Dyntaxa To Encyclopedia of Life To FAO Species fact sheets To FishBase To GenBank (2526 nucleotides; 564 proteins) To IUCN Red List To Marine Species Identification Portal To PESI To ITIS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes |
Description: Occurs at a temperature range of 5° to 27°C, generally above the thermocline but may descend to depths of 800 m (Ref. 9354), but prefers temperatures of 18°C to 22°C (Ref. 9987). Primarily a warm-water species. Although oceanic, sometimes found in coastal waters (Ref. 9354). Its migrations consist of movements toward temperate or cold waters for feeding in summer and back to warm waters in autumn for spawning and overwintering. Lives a solitary life upon the high seas. Larvae are frequently encountered at temperatures above 24 °C (Ref. 9702). Adults are opportunistic feeders, known to forage for their food from the surface to the bottom over a wide depth range (Ref. 9702). Uses its sword to kill its prey (Ref. 9354). Feeds mainly on fishes but also on crustaceans and squids (Ref. 9354). Also caught with harpoons, drift gill nets and set nets by commercial fisheries and by trolling in sports fishing (Ref. 9702). A good food fish, it is marketed fresh or frozen, and can be made into sashimi, teriyaki or fillets (Ref. 9354). Large individuals may accumulate large percentages of mercury in its flesh (Ref. 9354). [details] Diet: Feed mainly on fishes but also on crustaceans and squids [details] Distribution: Bonne Bay, over the Grand Bank along the offing of Cape Breton and in to the southern Gulf of St Lawrence and along the outer coast of Nova Scotia, southward along the coast of the United States; into Argentina in the South Atlantic [details] Habitat: oceanic but sometimes found in coastal waters [details] Habitat: nektonic [details] Habitat: Known from seamounts and knolls [details] Importance: Social- Commercial fishery and gamefish [details] Reproduction: Spawning takes place in Atlantic during spring in southern Sargasso Sea. [details] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| LSID | urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:127094 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Edit history |
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[Taxonomic tree] [Distribution map] [Google] [Google scholar] [Google images] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Citation: Bailly, N. (2013). Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758. In: Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2013) FishBase. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=127094 on 2013-05-26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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