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Rapp, H.T.; Janussen, D.; Tendal, O.S. (2011). Calcareous sponges from abyssal and bathyal depths in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Research II. 58: 58-67.
149706
Rapp, H.T.; Janussen, D.; Tendal, O.S.
2011
Calcareous sponges from abyssal and bathyal depths in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica.
Deep-Sea Research II
58: 58-67
Publication
original description
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Calcareous sponges have traditionally been regarded as shallow-water organisms,a persistent myth created by Hentschel(1925), partly supported by the problematic question of calcareous skeletal secretion under high partial CO2-pressure below the CCD in the abyss.Up to now,only few species world-wide of the sponge class Calcarea have been described from depths below 2000m. By far,the largest number of records of Antarctic Calcarea is known from shelf areas between 50 and 400m depth. They have only been sporadically recorded on the lower shelf and the upper slope from depths between 570 and 850m. From abyssal depths in the Antarctic there are no previous records of calcareous sponges.It was therefore a big surprise when the first true deep-sea Calcarea fromtheAntarctic were collected at depths between 1120 and 4400m during the ANDEEPI,II and III expeditions(Janussen et al.,2006). To date, five calcareous sponge species have been found,including three species new to science.The three new species belong to the genera Ascaltis, Clathrina and Leucetta. Although calcareous sponges are rare in the Antarctic deep sea,they seem to constitute a constant component of the fauna. Antarctic Calcarea shows all the characteristics of need for revision and further collection and investigation. Still, many new species are likely to be discovered in the Antarctic deep-sea.
Weddell Sea
Abyssal, Deep-Sea
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