Osborn, K.J.; Haddock, S.H.D.; Pleijel, F.; Madin, L.P.; Rouse, G.W. (2009). Deep-sea, swimming worms with luminescent "bombs". Science (Wash.). 325(5943): 964 and online supplement.

132662

Osborn, K.J.; Haddock, S.H.D.; Pleijel, F.; Madin, L.P.; Rouse, G.W.

2009

325(5943): 964 and online supplement

Publication

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/325/5943/964

World Polychaeta Database. A fuller description is in the online supplement

140804

Available for editors   [request]

By using remotely operated vehicles, we found seven previously unknown species of swimming annelid worms below 1800 meters. Specimens were large and bore a variety of elaborate head appendages. In addition, five species have pairs of ellipsoidal organs homologous to branchiae that produce brilliant green bioluminescence when autotomized. Five genes were used to determine the evolutionary relationships of these worms within Cirratuliformia. These species form a clade within Acrocirridae and were not closely related to either of the two known pelagic cirratuliforms. Thus, this clade represents a third invasion of the pelagic realm from Cirratuliformia. This finding emphasizes the wealth of discoveries to be made in pelagic and deep demersal habitats.

California quadrant

Annelida
Polychaeta

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