HABs note details
Harmful effect
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A strain from the Western Mediterranean Sea was found to produce small amounts of maitotoxin, the ciguatoxin 54-deoxyCTX1B and gambieric acid A (Laza-Martínez et al. 2015). Strains from the South Pacific also demonstrate low production of MTX-3 (Munday et al. 2017; Larsson et al. 2018).
Laza-Martínez, A., David, H., Riobó, P., Miguel, I. & Orive, E. (2015). Characterization of a strain of <i>Fukuyo paulensis</i> (Dinophyceae) from the Western Mediterranean Sea. <em>J. Eukaryotic Microbiol. 62: 481-497.</em>
Munday, R.; Murray, S.; Rhodes, L.; Larsson, M.; Harwood, D. (2017). Ciguatoxins and Maitotoxins in Extracts of Sixteen Gambierdiscus Isolates and One Fukuyoa Isolate from the South Pacific and Their Toxicity to Mice by Intraperitoneal and Oral Administration. <em>Marine Drugs.</em> 15(7): 208.
Larsson, M. E.; Harwood, T. D.; Lewis, R. J.; S. W. A., H.; Doblin, M. A. (2018). Toxicological characterization of <i>Fukuyoa paulensis</i> (Dinophyceae) from temperate Australia. <em>Phycological Research.</em> 67(1): 65-71.
Munday, R.; Murray, S.; Rhodes, L.; Larsson, M.; Harwood, D. (2017). Ciguatoxins and Maitotoxins in Extracts of Sixteen Gambierdiscus Isolates and One Fukuyoa Isolate from the South Pacific and Their Toxicity to Mice by Intraperitoneal and Oral Administration. <em>Marine Drugs.</em> 15(7): 208.
Larsson, M. E.; Harwood, T. D.; Lewis, R. J.; S. W. A., H.; Doblin, M. A. (2018). Toxicological characterization of <i>Fukuyoa paulensis</i> (Dinophyceae) from temperate Australia. <em>Phycological Research.</em> 67(1): 65-71.
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